Pediatrics Nursing Exam question
and correct answers (verified answers 100%)
Q&A 2026/2027 INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant. Which developmental milestone
should the nurse expect?
A. Walking independently
B. Sitting without support
C. Using two-word sentences
D. Drinking from a cup independently
Correct Answer: B. Sitting without support
Rationale: By approximately 6 months, most infants can sit with little or no
support. Walking and two-word sentences occur later during toddler development.
2. A nurse caring for a child with dehydration should recognize which sign as an
early indicator?
A. Bradycardia
B. Decreased urine output
C. Severe hypotension
D. Loss of consciousness
Correct Answer: B. Decreased urine output
Rationale: Reduced urine output is an early sign of dehydration in children because
fluid loss decreases kidney perfusion.
3. Which finding is most concerning in a child with respiratory distress?
,A. Mild cough
B. Respiratory rate of 22/min
C. Nasal flaring and retractions
D. Clear nasal drainage
Correct Answer: C. Nasal flaring and retractions
Rationale: Nasal flaring and chest retractions indicate increased work of breathing
and possible respiratory compromise.
4. A nurse is teaching parents about preventing sudden infant death syndrome
(SIDS). Which instruction is correct?
A. Place the infant prone for sleep
B. Use soft pillows in the crib
C. Place the infant on the back to sleep
D. Keep stuffed toys near the infant
Correct Answer: C. Place the infant on the back to sleep
Rationale: Supine sleeping position reduces the risk of SIDS. Soft bedding and toys
increase suffocation risk.
5. Which vaccine is commonly administered at birth?
A. MMR
B. Hepatitis B
C. Varicella
D. DTaP
Correct Answer: B. Hepatitis B
Rationale: The first hepatitis B vaccine is recommended shortly after birth to
prevent early infection.
,6. A child with epiglottitis arrives in the emergency department. Which action
should the nurse avoid?
A. Keeping the child calm
B. Preparing emergency airway equipment
C. Inspecting the throat with a tongue blade
D. Administering prescribed antibiotics
Correct Answer: C. Inspecting the throat with a tongue blade
Rationale: Throat examination can trigger complete airway obstruction in
epiglottitis.
7. Which assessment finding is expected in a child with croup?
A. Barking cough
B. Drooling and tripod positioning
C. Strawberry tongue
D. Koplik spots
Correct Answer: A. Barking cough
Rationale: Croup commonly presents with a harsh barking cough, hoarseness, and
inspiratory stridor.
8. A nurse caring for a child with meningitis should prioritize which assessment?
A. Hair color
B. Neurological status
C. Appetite preference
D. Skin moisture only
Correct Answer: B. Neurological status
Rationale: Meningitis can cause increased intracranial pressure and neurological
deterioration, requiring frequent neurological assessments.
, 9. Which sign suggests increased intracranial pressure in an infant?
A. Sunken fontanel
B. Bulging fontanel
C. Increased appetite
D. Increased activity
Correct Answer: B. Bulging fontanel
Rationale: A bulging fontanel may indicate increased intracranial pressure caused
by fluid accumulation or swelling.
10. A nurse is caring for a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which symptom is
expected?
A. Weight gain
B. Polyuria
C. Bradycardia
D. Decreased thirst
Correct Answer: B. Polyuria
Rationale: High blood glucose causes osmotic diuresis, leading to excessive
urination and thirst.
11. Which food is appropriate for a child beginning solid foods at 6 months?
A. Whole grapes
B. Honey
C. Pureed vegetables
D. Popcorn
Correct Answer: C. Pureed vegetables
and correct answers (verified answers 100%)
Q&A 2026/2027 INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant. Which developmental milestone
should the nurse expect?
A. Walking independently
B. Sitting without support
C. Using two-word sentences
D. Drinking from a cup independently
Correct Answer: B. Sitting without support
Rationale: By approximately 6 months, most infants can sit with little or no
support. Walking and two-word sentences occur later during toddler development.
2. A nurse caring for a child with dehydration should recognize which sign as an
early indicator?
A. Bradycardia
B. Decreased urine output
C. Severe hypotension
D. Loss of consciousness
Correct Answer: B. Decreased urine output
Rationale: Reduced urine output is an early sign of dehydration in children because
fluid loss decreases kidney perfusion.
3. Which finding is most concerning in a child with respiratory distress?
,A. Mild cough
B. Respiratory rate of 22/min
C. Nasal flaring and retractions
D. Clear nasal drainage
Correct Answer: C. Nasal flaring and retractions
Rationale: Nasal flaring and chest retractions indicate increased work of breathing
and possible respiratory compromise.
4. A nurse is teaching parents about preventing sudden infant death syndrome
(SIDS). Which instruction is correct?
A. Place the infant prone for sleep
B. Use soft pillows in the crib
C. Place the infant on the back to sleep
D. Keep stuffed toys near the infant
Correct Answer: C. Place the infant on the back to sleep
Rationale: Supine sleeping position reduces the risk of SIDS. Soft bedding and toys
increase suffocation risk.
5. Which vaccine is commonly administered at birth?
A. MMR
B. Hepatitis B
C. Varicella
D. DTaP
Correct Answer: B. Hepatitis B
Rationale: The first hepatitis B vaccine is recommended shortly after birth to
prevent early infection.
,6. A child with epiglottitis arrives in the emergency department. Which action
should the nurse avoid?
A. Keeping the child calm
B. Preparing emergency airway equipment
C. Inspecting the throat with a tongue blade
D. Administering prescribed antibiotics
Correct Answer: C. Inspecting the throat with a tongue blade
Rationale: Throat examination can trigger complete airway obstruction in
epiglottitis.
7. Which assessment finding is expected in a child with croup?
A. Barking cough
B. Drooling and tripod positioning
C. Strawberry tongue
D. Koplik spots
Correct Answer: A. Barking cough
Rationale: Croup commonly presents with a harsh barking cough, hoarseness, and
inspiratory stridor.
8. A nurse caring for a child with meningitis should prioritize which assessment?
A. Hair color
B. Neurological status
C. Appetite preference
D. Skin moisture only
Correct Answer: B. Neurological status
Rationale: Meningitis can cause increased intracranial pressure and neurological
deterioration, requiring frequent neurological assessments.
, 9. Which sign suggests increased intracranial pressure in an infant?
A. Sunken fontanel
B. Bulging fontanel
C. Increased appetite
D. Increased activity
Correct Answer: B. Bulging fontanel
Rationale: A bulging fontanel may indicate increased intracranial pressure caused
by fluid accumulation or swelling.
10. A nurse is caring for a child with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which symptom is
expected?
A. Weight gain
B. Polyuria
C. Bradycardia
D. Decreased thirst
Correct Answer: B. Polyuria
Rationale: High blood glucose causes osmotic diuresis, leading to excessive
urination and thirst.
11. Which food is appropriate for a child beginning solid foods at 6 months?
A. Whole grapes
B. Honey
C. Pureed vegetables
D. Popcorn
Correct Answer: C. Pureed vegetables
