Growth failure and endocrine disorders Exam
question
and correct answers (verified answers 100%)
Q&A 2026/2027 INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which finding is the earliest indicator of growth failure in a child?
A. Delayed puberty
B. Decreased growth velocity
C. Weight gain
D. Hypertension
Answer: B. Decreased growth velocity
Rationale: Growth velocity below expected rates is often the first sign of growth
failure and should prompt further evaluation.
2. A child with growth hormone deficiency is most likely to exhibit:
A. Tall stature
B. Accelerated bone age
C. Short stature with normal body proportions
D. Macrocephaly only
Answer: C. Short stature with normal body proportions
Rationale: Growth hormone deficiency typically causes proportionate short stature
and delayed skeletal maturation.
3. Which hormone is primarily responsible for linear growth during childhood?
,A. Insulin
B. Growth hormone
C. Cortisol
D. Aldosterone
Answer: B. Growth hormone
Rationale: Growth hormone stimulates bone and tissue growth, especially through
IGF-1 production.
4. A nurse assessing a child with hypothyroidism expects to find:
A. Weight loss
B. Tachycardia
C. Delayed growth and development
D. Excessive sweating
Answer: C. Delayed growth and development
Rationale: Thyroid hormone deficiency slows metabolism and impairs growth and
neurologic development.
5. Congenital hypothyroidism is most commonly identified through:
A. Vision screening
B. Newborn metabolic screening
C. Chest X-ray
D. EEG testing
Answer: B. Newborn metabolic screening
Rationale: Newborn screening programs detect elevated TSH or low T4 levels early
to prevent complications.
,6. Which laboratory value is most useful in diagnosing growth hormone
deficiency?
A. Elevated sodium
B. Growth hormone stimulation test
C. Hemoglobin level
D. Platelet count
Answer: B. Growth hormone stimulation test
Rationale: Growth hormone secretion is pulsatile, making stimulation testing
necessary for diagnosis.
7. A child with untreated hypothyroidism is at risk for:
A. Accelerated growth
B. Intellectual disability
C. Hyperactivity only
D. Excess muscle mass
Answer: B. Intellectual disability
Rationale: Severe untreated hypothyroidism can impair neurologic development
and cognitive function.
8. Which endocrine disorder commonly causes excessive growth and tall
stature?
A. Growth hormone excess
B. Addison disease
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Diabetes insipidus
Answer: A. Growth hormone excess
Rationale: Excess growth hormone before epiphyseal closure results in gigantism.
, 9. A child with Turner syndrome often presents with:
A. Tall stature
B. Short stature
C. Excessive muscle growth
D. Gigantism
Answer: B. Short stature
Rationale: Short stature is a hallmark feature of Turner syndrome due to
chromosomal abnormalities.
10. Which hormone deficiency causes diabetes insipidus?
A. Growth hormone
B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C. Insulin
D. Cortisol
Answer: B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Rationale: ADH deficiency prevents water reabsorption, leading to excessive
urination.
11. A classic sign of diabetes insipidus is:
A. Oliguria
B. Polyuria and polydipsia
C. Bradycardia
D. Weight gain
Answer: B. Polyuria and polydipsia
Rationale: Patients lose large volumes of dilute urine and develop excessive thirst.
question
and correct answers (verified answers 100%)
Q&A 2026/2027 INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which finding is the earliest indicator of growth failure in a child?
A. Delayed puberty
B. Decreased growth velocity
C. Weight gain
D. Hypertension
Answer: B. Decreased growth velocity
Rationale: Growth velocity below expected rates is often the first sign of growth
failure and should prompt further evaluation.
2. A child with growth hormone deficiency is most likely to exhibit:
A. Tall stature
B. Accelerated bone age
C. Short stature with normal body proportions
D. Macrocephaly only
Answer: C. Short stature with normal body proportions
Rationale: Growth hormone deficiency typically causes proportionate short stature
and delayed skeletal maturation.
3. Which hormone is primarily responsible for linear growth during childhood?
,A. Insulin
B. Growth hormone
C. Cortisol
D. Aldosterone
Answer: B. Growth hormone
Rationale: Growth hormone stimulates bone and tissue growth, especially through
IGF-1 production.
4. A nurse assessing a child with hypothyroidism expects to find:
A. Weight loss
B. Tachycardia
C. Delayed growth and development
D. Excessive sweating
Answer: C. Delayed growth and development
Rationale: Thyroid hormone deficiency slows metabolism and impairs growth and
neurologic development.
5. Congenital hypothyroidism is most commonly identified through:
A. Vision screening
B. Newborn metabolic screening
C. Chest X-ray
D. EEG testing
Answer: B. Newborn metabolic screening
Rationale: Newborn screening programs detect elevated TSH or low T4 levels early
to prevent complications.
,6. Which laboratory value is most useful in diagnosing growth hormone
deficiency?
A. Elevated sodium
B. Growth hormone stimulation test
C. Hemoglobin level
D. Platelet count
Answer: B. Growth hormone stimulation test
Rationale: Growth hormone secretion is pulsatile, making stimulation testing
necessary for diagnosis.
7. A child with untreated hypothyroidism is at risk for:
A. Accelerated growth
B. Intellectual disability
C. Hyperactivity only
D. Excess muscle mass
Answer: B. Intellectual disability
Rationale: Severe untreated hypothyroidism can impair neurologic development
and cognitive function.
8. Which endocrine disorder commonly causes excessive growth and tall
stature?
A. Growth hormone excess
B. Addison disease
C. Hypothyroidism
D. Diabetes insipidus
Answer: A. Growth hormone excess
Rationale: Excess growth hormone before epiphyseal closure results in gigantism.
, 9. A child with Turner syndrome often presents with:
A. Tall stature
B. Short stature
C. Excessive muscle growth
D. Gigantism
Answer: B. Short stature
Rationale: Short stature is a hallmark feature of Turner syndrome due to
chromosomal abnormalities.
10. Which hormone deficiency causes diabetes insipidus?
A. Growth hormone
B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
C. Insulin
D. Cortisol
Answer: B. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Rationale: ADH deficiency prevents water reabsorption, leading to excessive
urination.
11. A classic sign of diabetes insipidus is:
A. Oliguria
B. Polyuria and polydipsia
C. Bradycardia
D. Weight gain
Answer: B. Polyuria and polydipsia
Rationale: Patients lose large volumes of dilute urine and develop excessive thirst.
