PALS study guide exam questions and
answers6
If the pulse rate on the pulse ox differs from the EKG monitor the O2 saturation reading is -
ANSWERS-not reliable, the child needs oxygen in spite of possible O2 saturation above 94%.
A BP reading of what in a neonate is considered hypotension when? - ANSWERS-of less than 60
systolic
What airway obstruction is characterized by tachypnea, increased respiratory effort, cough,
stridor, and poor air oxygenation? - ANSWERS-upper airway obstruction
Typical signs and symptoms of upper airway obstruction occur predomintly during the what
phase of respiratory cycle? - ANSWERS-inspiratory phase
This is an abnormal breathing pattern that produces inadequate respiratory rate or effort that is
usually associated with neurological disorders such as brain tumors, seizures, head injury,
hydrocephalus or neuromuscular disease? - ANSWERS-disordered control of breathing
Increased work of breathing and tachypnea in a toddler may be classified as what? - ANSWERS-
as respiratory distress rather than failure
Moderate stridor and retractions along with a seal bark cough in a toddler may be best
managed by administration of what? - ANSWERS-nebulizer epi
The child who presents with severe respiratory distress and signs of anaphylaxis must be treated
promptly with what? - ANSWERS-IM/IV epi/corticosteroids as well as nebulized albuterol.
, Defined as a critical condition that results from inadequate tissue delivery of O2 and nutrients
to meet tissue metabolic demands? - ANSWERS-shock
Infants have tiny hearts and increase their cardiac output primarily by what? - ANSWERS-
increasing heart rate
In order to recognize shock early, the health care provider must recognize signs of compensated
shock such as what? - ANSWERS-tachycardia, increased stroke volume, and increased cardiac
contractility
Increased systemic vascular resistance or vasoconstriction may be recognized clinically in the
child who has what? - ANSWERS-cold extremities, poorly palpable peripheral pulses, delated
capillary refill time
Stroke volume may be maintained in early shock by increased what? - ANSWERS-increased
contraction and venoconstriction which increases venous return to the heart, thus increasing
preload.
Anxiety, tachycardia, delayed capillary refill time, and a normal BP in a young child indicate what
type of shock? - ANSWERS-compensated shock
Elevated temperature, lethargy, tachycardia, tachypnea may be associated with what type of
shock? - ANSWERS-distributive shock
The child who is febrile, lethargic, tachycardia, apthypneic, hypotensive, with a delayed capillary
refill time needs immediate IV/IO access and administration of what? - ANSWERS-fluid bolus
such as normal saline or ringers lactate at 20 ml/kg over 5-10 minutes.
The appropriate fluid bolus for shock resuscitation in the child with a normal heart is what? -
ANSWERS-20 ml/kg of isotonic crystalloid (normal saline)
answers6
If the pulse rate on the pulse ox differs from the EKG monitor the O2 saturation reading is -
ANSWERS-not reliable, the child needs oxygen in spite of possible O2 saturation above 94%.
A BP reading of what in a neonate is considered hypotension when? - ANSWERS-of less than 60
systolic
What airway obstruction is characterized by tachypnea, increased respiratory effort, cough,
stridor, and poor air oxygenation? - ANSWERS-upper airway obstruction
Typical signs and symptoms of upper airway obstruction occur predomintly during the what
phase of respiratory cycle? - ANSWERS-inspiratory phase
This is an abnormal breathing pattern that produces inadequate respiratory rate or effort that is
usually associated with neurological disorders such as brain tumors, seizures, head injury,
hydrocephalus or neuromuscular disease? - ANSWERS-disordered control of breathing
Increased work of breathing and tachypnea in a toddler may be classified as what? - ANSWERS-
as respiratory distress rather than failure
Moderate stridor and retractions along with a seal bark cough in a toddler may be best
managed by administration of what? - ANSWERS-nebulizer epi
The child who presents with severe respiratory distress and signs of anaphylaxis must be treated
promptly with what? - ANSWERS-IM/IV epi/corticosteroids as well as nebulized albuterol.
, Defined as a critical condition that results from inadequate tissue delivery of O2 and nutrients
to meet tissue metabolic demands? - ANSWERS-shock
Infants have tiny hearts and increase their cardiac output primarily by what? - ANSWERS-
increasing heart rate
In order to recognize shock early, the health care provider must recognize signs of compensated
shock such as what? - ANSWERS-tachycardia, increased stroke volume, and increased cardiac
contractility
Increased systemic vascular resistance or vasoconstriction may be recognized clinically in the
child who has what? - ANSWERS-cold extremities, poorly palpable peripheral pulses, delated
capillary refill time
Stroke volume may be maintained in early shock by increased what? - ANSWERS-increased
contraction and venoconstriction which increases venous return to the heart, thus increasing
preload.
Anxiety, tachycardia, delayed capillary refill time, and a normal BP in a young child indicate what
type of shock? - ANSWERS-compensated shock
Elevated temperature, lethargy, tachycardia, tachypnea may be associated with what type of
shock? - ANSWERS-distributive shock
The child who is febrile, lethargic, tachycardia, apthypneic, hypotensive, with a delayed capillary
refill time needs immediate IV/IO access and administration of what? - ANSWERS-fluid bolus
such as normal saline or ringers lactate at 20 ml/kg over 5-10 minutes.
The appropriate fluid bolus for shock resuscitation in the child with a normal heart is what? -
ANSWERS-20 ml/kg of isotonic crystalloid (normal saline)
