NRSG 100 Exam 1 V1 | NRSG 100
Fundamentals of Nursing | Actual Q&A
with Rationale (NRSG100 Exam 1) | Ivy
Tech
1. Which nursing pioneer is recognized for establishing the first nursing philosophy based on
health maintenance and restoration?
A. Clara Barton
B. Dorothea Dix
C. Harriet Tubman
D. Florence Nightingale
Correct Answer: D
Florence Nightingale is credited with developing the first organized program for training
nurses and her philosophy focused on health maintenance. She saw the role of nursing as
having charge of somebody’s health based on knowledge of how to put the body in such a
state to be free of disease. Her work during the Crimean War significantly reduced
mortality rates through hygiene and sanitation.
2. A nurse is gathering data about a patient’s history of heart disease. Which step of the
nursing process is the nurse performing?
A. Diagnosis
,B. Assessment
C. Planning
D. Implementation
Correct Answer: B
Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and involves the systematic collection
of data. This stage includes subjective data from the patient and objective data from
physical examinations. Gathering a health history is a fundamental component of the
assessment phase to identify patient needs.
3. What is the most effective way for a nurse to prevent the spread of infection in a clinical
setting?
A. Wearing a mask for every patient contact
B. Using sterile gloves for all procedures
C. Administering prophylactic antibiotics
D. Performing consistent and proper hand hygiene
Correct Answer: D
Hand hygiene is universally recognized as the single most effective intervention for
preventing the transmission of healthcare-associated infections. It breaks the chain of
infection at the mode of transmission link. Nurses must perform hand hygiene before and
after patient contact and after removing gloves.
, 4. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which patient need should the nurse prioritize
first?
A. Self-esteem
B. Love and belonging
C. Physiological needs such as oxygen and nutrition
D. Safety and security
Correct Answer: C
Maslow’s hierarchy dictates that basic physiological needs must be met before higher-
level needs. Oxygen, water, food, and elimination are essential for survival and take
precedence over psychological needs. Prioritizing these needs ensures the patient’s
immediate physical stability.
5. A nurse shares a patient’s lab results with a family member who is not authorized by the
patient. Which legal principle has the nurse violated?
A. Justice
B. Confidentiality and HIPAA
C. Beneficence
D. Autonomy
Correct Answer: B
Fundamentals of Nursing | Actual Q&A
with Rationale (NRSG100 Exam 1) | Ivy
Tech
1. Which nursing pioneer is recognized for establishing the first nursing philosophy based on
health maintenance and restoration?
A. Clara Barton
B. Dorothea Dix
C. Harriet Tubman
D. Florence Nightingale
Correct Answer: D
Florence Nightingale is credited with developing the first organized program for training
nurses and her philosophy focused on health maintenance. She saw the role of nursing as
having charge of somebody’s health based on knowledge of how to put the body in such a
state to be free of disease. Her work during the Crimean War significantly reduced
mortality rates through hygiene and sanitation.
2. A nurse is gathering data about a patient’s history of heart disease. Which step of the
nursing process is the nurse performing?
A. Diagnosis
,B. Assessment
C. Planning
D. Implementation
Correct Answer: B
Assessment is the first step of the nursing process and involves the systematic collection
of data. This stage includes subjective data from the patient and objective data from
physical examinations. Gathering a health history is a fundamental component of the
assessment phase to identify patient needs.
3. What is the most effective way for a nurse to prevent the spread of infection in a clinical
setting?
A. Wearing a mask for every patient contact
B. Using sterile gloves for all procedures
C. Administering prophylactic antibiotics
D. Performing consistent and proper hand hygiene
Correct Answer: D
Hand hygiene is universally recognized as the single most effective intervention for
preventing the transmission of healthcare-associated infections. It breaks the chain of
infection at the mode of transmission link. Nurses must perform hand hygiene before and
after patient contact and after removing gloves.
, 4. According to Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs, which patient need should the nurse prioritize
first?
A. Self-esteem
B. Love and belonging
C. Physiological needs such as oxygen and nutrition
D. Safety and security
Correct Answer: C
Maslow’s hierarchy dictates that basic physiological needs must be met before higher-
level needs. Oxygen, water, food, and elimination are essential for survival and take
precedence over psychological needs. Prioritizing these needs ensures the patient’s
immediate physical stability.
5. A nurse shares a patient’s lab results with a family member who is not authorized by the
patient. Which legal principle has the nurse violated?
A. Justice
B. Confidentiality and HIPAA
C. Beneficence
D. Autonomy
Correct Answer: B
