LDR-202S: Reinforcing culture
Exam Questions and Answers 2024
(verified answers graded A+)latest
update 2024/2025
SECTION 1: UNCONSCIOUS BIAS
1. The decision-making our brains make about what is safe or not, appropriate or
not, and so on. An automatic process often countered consciously afterwards with
facts, experiences, and knowledge we have gained.
A) Conscious bias
B) Unconscious bias
C) Cognitive dissonance
D) Confirmation bias
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: This describes unconscious bias—automatic mental processes that
occur without our awareness.
Board Exam Rationale: Unconscious bias is an automatic process that operates below
conscious awareness. It is often countered with facts, experiences, and knowledge we have
gained. It is the most subtle form of bias to detect.
, 2. Also called like-likes-like, this bias refers to our tendency to gravitate toward
people similar to ourselves.
A) Confirmation bias
B) Affinity bias
C) Conformity bias
D) Attribution bias
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: Affinity bias is the tendency to favor those who are similar to us in
race, gender, age, or educational background.
Board Exam Rationale: Affinity bias, also known as "like-likes-like," is our tendency to
gravitate toward people similar to ourselves. This can manifest in hiring or promoting
someone who shares the same race, gender, age, or educational background.
3. Which best identifies attitudes and biases beyond our regular perception of
ourselves and others?
A) Conscious beliefs
B) Hidden beliefs
C) Cognitive beliefs
D) Behavioral beliefs
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: Hidden beliefs are attitudes and biases that operate beyond our
regular perception.
Board Exam Rationale: Hidden beliefs identify attitudes and biases beyond our regular
perception of ourselves and others. These subconscious perceptions influence behavior
without conscious awareness.
4. Words like discrimination, oppression, dominance, subordination, heterosexism,
racism, or male privilege are defined as which of the following?
, A) Bias terminology
B) Language of diversity
C) Inclusion language
D) Cultural language
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: These words are part of the "language of diversity"—terminology
used to discuss diversity issues.
Board Exam Rationale: Words like discrimination, oppression, dominance, subordination,
heterosexism, racism, or male privilege are defined as the "Language of diversity." This
specialized vocabulary is essential for discussing diversity and inclusion topics.
5. According to the Unconscious Bias lesson, what is the most effective tool
available for testing one's own Unconscious Bias?
A) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
B) Implicit Association Test
C) Emotional Intelligence Test
D) Personality Assessment
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is the most effective tool for
testing unconscious bias.
Board Exam Rationale: The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is the most effective tool
available for testing one's own unconscious bias. It measures the strength of automatic
associations between concepts.
6. What is one of the problems with the "good person/bad person" paradigm of
diversity?
A) It encourages diversity
B) Human beings need bias to survive
C) It eliminates all bias
, D) It promotes inclusion
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: The problem with this paradigm is that human beings need bias to
survive—we all have biases.
Board Exam Rationale: The "good person/bad person" paradigm of diversity is flawed
because human beings need bias to survive. Everyone has biases; the key is recognizing
and managing them.
7. Having a sense of familiarity or a background of comfort of one person during a
job interview is an example of which bias?
A) Confirmation bias
B) Affinity bias
C) Attribution bias
D) Conformity bias
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: This is affinity bias—favoring someone because they seem familiar
or comfortable.
Board Exam Rationale: Having a sense of familiarity or a background of comfort of one
person during a job interview is an example of affinity bias. This bias causes us to
gravitate toward those similar to ourselves.
8. Which best identifies Micro-Affirmations?
A) Large gestures of appreciation
B) Apparently small acts that are ephemeral and hard-to-see
C) Formal recognition programs
D) Monetary rewards
Correct Answer: B
Exam Questions and Answers 2024
(verified answers graded A+)latest
update 2024/2025
SECTION 1: UNCONSCIOUS BIAS
1. The decision-making our brains make about what is safe or not, appropriate or
not, and so on. An automatic process often countered consciously afterwards with
facts, experiences, and knowledge we have gained.
A) Conscious bias
B) Unconscious bias
C) Cognitive dissonance
D) Confirmation bias
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: This describes unconscious bias—automatic mental processes that
occur without our awareness.
Board Exam Rationale: Unconscious bias is an automatic process that operates below
conscious awareness. It is often countered with facts, experiences, and knowledge we have
gained. It is the most subtle form of bias to detect.
, 2. Also called like-likes-like, this bias refers to our tendency to gravitate toward
people similar to ourselves.
A) Confirmation bias
B) Affinity bias
C) Conformity bias
D) Attribution bias
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: Affinity bias is the tendency to favor those who are similar to us in
race, gender, age, or educational background.
Board Exam Rationale: Affinity bias, also known as "like-likes-like," is our tendency to
gravitate toward people similar to ourselves. This can manifest in hiring or promoting
someone who shares the same race, gender, age, or educational background.
3. Which best identifies attitudes and biases beyond our regular perception of
ourselves and others?
A) Conscious beliefs
B) Hidden beliefs
C) Cognitive beliefs
D) Behavioral beliefs
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: Hidden beliefs are attitudes and biases that operate beyond our
regular perception.
Board Exam Rationale: Hidden beliefs identify attitudes and biases beyond our regular
perception of ourselves and others. These subconscious perceptions influence behavior
without conscious awareness.
4. Words like discrimination, oppression, dominance, subordination, heterosexism,
racism, or male privilege are defined as which of the following?
, A) Bias terminology
B) Language of diversity
C) Inclusion language
D) Cultural language
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: These words are part of the "language of diversity"—terminology
used to discuss diversity issues.
Board Exam Rationale: Words like discrimination, oppression, dominance, subordination,
heterosexism, racism, or male privilege are defined as the "Language of diversity." This
specialized vocabulary is essential for discussing diversity and inclusion topics.
5. According to the Unconscious Bias lesson, what is the most effective tool
available for testing one's own Unconscious Bias?
A) Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
B) Implicit Association Test
C) Emotional Intelligence Test
D) Personality Assessment
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is the most effective tool for
testing unconscious bias.
Board Exam Rationale: The Implicit Association Test (IAT) is the most effective tool
available for testing one's own unconscious bias. It measures the strength of automatic
associations between concepts.
6. What is one of the problems with the "good person/bad person" paradigm of
diversity?
A) It encourages diversity
B) Human beings need bias to survive
C) It eliminates all bias
, D) It promotes inclusion
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: The problem with this paradigm is that human beings need bias to
survive—we all have biases.
Board Exam Rationale: The "good person/bad person" paradigm of diversity is flawed
because human beings need bias to survive. Everyone has biases; the key is recognizing
and managing them.
7. Having a sense of familiarity or a background of comfort of one person during a
job interview is an example of which bias?
A) Confirmation bias
B) Affinity bias
C) Attribution bias
D) Conformity bias
Correct Answer: B
Practical Rationale: This is affinity bias—favoring someone because they seem familiar
or comfortable.
Board Exam Rationale: Having a sense of familiarity or a background of comfort of one
person during a job interview is an example of affinity bias. This bias causes us to
gravitate toward those similar to ourselves.
8. Which best identifies Micro-Affirmations?
A) Large gestures of appreciation
B) Apparently small acts that are ephemeral and hard-to-see
C) Formal recognition programs
D) Monetary rewards
Correct Answer: B
