PUR 4404C FINAL QUESTIONS WITH VERIFIED
ANSWERS
Which countries are particularly high or low on Hofstede's cultural dimensions (hint:
countries located in the same region tend to be similar)
Important milestones in countries' public relations history
In which countries licensing for PR practitioners is requiredIs press free or not free
Public relations models specific to a countryPR related terminology in the country (e.g.
Guanxi, Black PR) - Answers -
South & Southeast Asia - Answers - Asia Reflects Wide Variety
- Economically, politically, socially
- Broadest PR characteristics is its role in development communication
Broad Cultural Profile - Answers - - Individuals participate in fewer but more complex
social networks
- High-context cultures
Hofstede's Dimensions of Asia - Answers - - High Power Distance
- High Collectivism
- Long-term orientation (except for Pakistan and the Philippines)
Confucian Influence - Answers - - Order and stability through respect and obedience;
purposeful inequality
- Extended family is central societal structure
- Proper behavior in all circumstances
- Learning, hard work, thrift, modesty, patience-
India - Answers - - Second most populous country
- ⅓ of the population speaks English
- Independence from Great Britain in 1947
- Rapid development
- Stress on education and technology
- Growing middle class
- Stress on education and technology
- Growing middle class
- 70% of population live in rural areas
- Growing economic gap between classes
- Vast, independent mass media
India's PR History - Answers - - Early "fixers' sometimes used questionable methods
- Disseminate information (focus on community relations)
,- Mobilize public opinion to support war effort (World War II)
- Support nascent democracy following independence in 1947
- Increased professionalism beginning in 1960s
Nature of PR Practice in India - Answers - - More technicians than managers
- PR equated with marketing and advertising
- More press agentry than strategic communication
Interpersonal relationships dominate
Hofstede's Dimensions of India - Answers - High Power Distance
Individualism (close to 50/50 tho)
Masculinity
Malaysia - Answers - - Transitioning from developing to industrialized nation
- Mix of ethnic groups: Malay, Chinese, Indian, indigenous
- Several religious groups, multiple languages-
PR History of Malaysia - Answers - - Nation-building campaigns began in 1945 on
British model and rukunegara
- Early private sector's efforts characterized as
- Government Relations rather than Public Relations
- Government controls media through annual licensing
- IPRM 1062
PR as a Practice in Malaysia - Answers - - PR profession still striving to win recognition,
seeks government support
- Government is the most important "public" for private sector
Hofstede's Dimensions of Malaysia - Answers - High Power Distance
Individualism
Masculinity
Singapore - Answers - - Colonial history linked to Malaysia
- Independence in 1965
- Small territory, but considerable economic impact
- Cultural diversity creates challenge of finding shared values
PR Practice in Singapore - Answers - - Roots in journalism
- Moving toward management function as economy grows
- Affected by government control of media
- PR efforts should consider Singapore 21 Report
- Still focused on mass media
Hofstede's Dimensions of Singapore - Answers - High Power Distance
Individualism
Masculinity
, Press!
Government is the most important public for private-sector public relations in Malaysia. -
Answers - True
All mass media in India are government-controlled. - Answers - False
All publications in Malaysia are required to renew their licenses every year. - Answers -
True
Public relations in Indonesia follows the development communication model. - Answers
- True
Singapore scores high on Uncertainty Avoidance. - Answers - False
The majority of India's population is living in urban areas. - Answers - False
Which of the following countries colonized Indonesia? - Answers - Portugal
Great Britain
Holland
_____is a country with the largest Muslim population in the world. - Answers - Indonesia
Confucianism implies that the society should strive for social equality. - Answers - False
The initial establishment of formal public relations functions in India was driven by the
need to mobilize public opinion to support the war effort during World War II. - Answers
- True
Week 10 - Answers - China, Japan, and South Korea (East Asia)
China - Answers - - Communist model, but gradual decentralization of authority
- Strong economic growth
- Pragmatic development; planned privatization
- WTO entry and global trade having impact on world economy
Challenges in China - Answers - - Poverty, especially among rural population
- Environmental crises
- Ongoing central government management of economy
- Tightly controlled media
- Legacy of "Miss PR"
China's Recent PR History - Answers - Introduction
1980-1985
Upsurge
1986-1989
ANSWERS
Which countries are particularly high or low on Hofstede's cultural dimensions (hint:
countries located in the same region tend to be similar)
Important milestones in countries' public relations history
In which countries licensing for PR practitioners is requiredIs press free or not free
Public relations models specific to a countryPR related terminology in the country (e.g.
Guanxi, Black PR) - Answers -
South & Southeast Asia - Answers - Asia Reflects Wide Variety
- Economically, politically, socially
- Broadest PR characteristics is its role in development communication
Broad Cultural Profile - Answers - - Individuals participate in fewer but more complex
social networks
- High-context cultures
Hofstede's Dimensions of Asia - Answers - - High Power Distance
- High Collectivism
- Long-term orientation (except for Pakistan and the Philippines)
Confucian Influence - Answers - - Order and stability through respect and obedience;
purposeful inequality
- Extended family is central societal structure
- Proper behavior in all circumstances
- Learning, hard work, thrift, modesty, patience-
India - Answers - - Second most populous country
- ⅓ of the population speaks English
- Independence from Great Britain in 1947
- Rapid development
- Stress on education and technology
- Growing middle class
- Stress on education and technology
- Growing middle class
- 70% of population live in rural areas
- Growing economic gap between classes
- Vast, independent mass media
India's PR History - Answers - - Early "fixers' sometimes used questionable methods
- Disseminate information (focus on community relations)
,- Mobilize public opinion to support war effort (World War II)
- Support nascent democracy following independence in 1947
- Increased professionalism beginning in 1960s
Nature of PR Practice in India - Answers - - More technicians than managers
- PR equated with marketing and advertising
- More press agentry than strategic communication
Interpersonal relationships dominate
Hofstede's Dimensions of India - Answers - High Power Distance
Individualism (close to 50/50 tho)
Masculinity
Malaysia - Answers - - Transitioning from developing to industrialized nation
- Mix of ethnic groups: Malay, Chinese, Indian, indigenous
- Several religious groups, multiple languages-
PR History of Malaysia - Answers - - Nation-building campaigns began in 1945 on
British model and rukunegara
- Early private sector's efforts characterized as
- Government Relations rather than Public Relations
- Government controls media through annual licensing
- IPRM 1062
PR as a Practice in Malaysia - Answers - - PR profession still striving to win recognition,
seeks government support
- Government is the most important "public" for private sector
Hofstede's Dimensions of Malaysia - Answers - High Power Distance
Individualism
Masculinity
Singapore - Answers - - Colonial history linked to Malaysia
- Independence in 1965
- Small territory, but considerable economic impact
- Cultural diversity creates challenge of finding shared values
PR Practice in Singapore - Answers - - Roots in journalism
- Moving toward management function as economy grows
- Affected by government control of media
- PR efforts should consider Singapore 21 Report
- Still focused on mass media
Hofstede's Dimensions of Singapore - Answers - High Power Distance
Individualism
Masculinity
, Press!
Government is the most important public for private-sector public relations in Malaysia. -
Answers - True
All mass media in India are government-controlled. - Answers - False
All publications in Malaysia are required to renew their licenses every year. - Answers -
True
Public relations in Indonesia follows the development communication model. - Answers
- True
Singapore scores high on Uncertainty Avoidance. - Answers - False
The majority of India's population is living in urban areas. - Answers - False
Which of the following countries colonized Indonesia? - Answers - Portugal
Great Britain
Holland
_____is a country with the largest Muslim population in the world. - Answers - Indonesia
Confucianism implies that the society should strive for social equality. - Answers - False
The initial establishment of formal public relations functions in India was driven by the
need to mobilize public opinion to support the war effort during World War II. - Answers
- True
Week 10 - Answers - China, Japan, and South Korea (East Asia)
China - Answers - - Communist model, but gradual decentralization of authority
- Strong economic growth
- Pragmatic development; planned privatization
- WTO entry and global trade having impact on world economy
Challenges in China - Answers - - Poverty, especially among rural population
- Environmental crises
- Ongoing central government management of economy
- Tightly controlled media
- Legacy of "Miss PR"
China's Recent PR History - Answers - Introduction
1980-1985
Upsurge
1986-1989
