ATI Adult Medical-Surgical
Practice Assessment B:
Comprehensive 150-Question
Exam Bank with Detailed
Rationales well written one
year 2025 /2026 updated
graded A+
Target Audience: RN Nursing Students & Professionals
Difficulty Level: Mixed (Entry to Advanced)
,Content Focus: Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Neurological, Gastrointestinal, Renal, Endocrine, Immune,
Musculoskeletal, Oncology, Perioperative Care, Fluid/Electrolyte Balance, Pharmacology, Prioritization,
and Clinical Judgment
Questions 1–150
Cardiovascular System
1. A nurse is assessing a client who has peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Which of the
followingfindings should the nurse expect?
A) Bounding peripheral pulses
B) Hair loss on the lower legs
C) Warm, erythematous skin
D) Edema in the lower extremities
- detailed answer 100% correct:_B
Rationale: Peripheral arterial disease causes decreased blood flow to the extremities, leading to hair
loss, thin/shiny skin, thickened nails, and diminished pulses. The affected extremity is typically cool and
pale, not warm or edematous. Edema and warmth are more consistent with venous insufficiency.
2. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who developed chest pain 6 hours ago.
Which of the following findings indicates a myocardial infarction (MI)?
A) Troponin I 8 ng/mL
B) CK-MB 2 ng/mL
C) Myoglobin 50 ng/mL
D) BNP 100 pg/mL
- detailed answer 100% correct:_A
,Rationale: Troponin I is a highly specific cardiac marker that rises 3–6 hours after MI and remains
elevated for up to 7–10 days. A normal troponin I is <0.03 ng/mL; a value of 8 ng/mL is significantly
elevated and confirms myocardial injury.
3. A nurse is reviewing the medication records of a client taking warfarin for chronic
atrialfibrillation. Which of the following INR values indicates a desired therapeutic outcome?
A) 1.0
B) 1.5
C) 2.5
D) 4.5
- detailed answer 100% correct:_C
Rationale: The therapeutic INR range for warfarin therapy in atrial fibrillation is 2.0–3.0. An INR of 2.5
falls within this target range, indicating adequate anticoagulation without excessive bleeding risk. INR
<2.0 indicates subtherapeutic effect; INR >3.0 increases bleeding risk.
4. A nurse is caring for a client with heart failure who has a weight gain of 3 kg in 2 days. Which
ofthe following is the nurse's priority action?
A) Call the provider
B) Restrict sodium intake
C) Administer furosemide
D) Monitor blood pressure
- detailed answer 100% correct:_C
Rationale: Rapid weight gain of 2–3 kg in 2 days indicates significant fluid retention, which can lead to
pulmonary edema. Administering a diuretic (furosemide) is the priority intervention to remove excess
fluid and prevent respiratory compromise.
, 5. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is perimenopausal and has a prescription
forhormone replacement therapy. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse
instruct the client to report to the provider?
A) Hot flashes
B) Calf pain
C) Vaginal dryness
D) Mood changes
- detailed answer 100% correct:_B
Rationale: Calf pain may indicate deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a serious adverse effect of hormone
replacement therapy. Other warning signs include numbness in the arms and intense headaches,
which may signal stroke or thromboembolic events.
6. A nurse is assessing a client following the completion of hemodialysis. Which of the
followingfindings is the nurse's priority to report to the provider?
A) Blood pressure 110/70 mm Hg
B) Weight loss of 2 kg
C) Muscle cramps
D) Heart rate 110/min with hypotension
- detailed answer 100% correct:_D
Rationale: Tachycardia with hypotension after hemodialysis may indicate hypovolemia, hemorrhage,
or dialysis disequilibrium syndrome. This requires immediate provider notification. Muscle cramps are
common but not the priority; mild hypotension and weight loss are expected outcomes.
7. A nurse is planning care for a client who has an arterial line. Which of the following
actionsshould the nurse take?
A) Place a pressure bag around the flush solution
B) Maintain the client in a supine position at all times
C) Zero the transducer at the level of the right atrium
D) Change the pressure bag tubing every 72 hours
Practice Assessment B:
Comprehensive 150-Question
Exam Bank with Detailed
Rationales well written one
year 2025 /2026 updated
graded A+
Target Audience: RN Nursing Students & Professionals
Difficulty Level: Mixed (Entry to Advanced)
,Content Focus: Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Neurological, Gastrointestinal, Renal, Endocrine, Immune,
Musculoskeletal, Oncology, Perioperative Care, Fluid/Electrolyte Balance, Pharmacology, Prioritization,
and Clinical Judgment
Questions 1–150
Cardiovascular System
1. A nurse is assessing a client who has peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Which of the
followingfindings should the nurse expect?
A) Bounding peripheral pulses
B) Hair loss on the lower legs
C) Warm, erythematous skin
D) Edema in the lower extremities
- detailed answer 100% correct:_B
Rationale: Peripheral arterial disease causes decreased blood flow to the extremities, leading to hair
loss, thin/shiny skin, thickened nails, and diminished pulses. The affected extremity is typically cool and
pale, not warm or edematous. Edema and warmth are more consistent with venous insufficiency.
2. A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who developed chest pain 6 hours ago.
Which of the following findings indicates a myocardial infarction (MI)?
A) Troponin I 8 ng/mL
B) CK-MB 2 ng/mL
C) Myoglobin 50 ng/mL
D) BNP 100 pg/mL
- detailed answer 100% correct:_A
,Rationale: Troponin I is a highly specific cardiac marker that rises 3–6 hours after MI and remains
elevated for up to 7–10 days. A normal troponin I is <0.03 ng/mL; a value of 8 ng/mL is significantly
elevated and confirms myocardial injury.
3. A nurse is reviewing the medication records of a client taking warfarin for chronic
atrialfibrillation. Which of the following INR values indicates a desired therapeutic outcome?
A) 1.0
B) 1.5
C) 2.5
D) 4.5
- detailed answer 100% correct:_C
Rationale: The therapeutic INR range for warfarin therapy in atrial fibrillation is 2.0–3.0. An INR of 2.5
falls within this target range, indicating adequate anticoagulation without excessive bleeding risk. INR
<2.0 indicates subtherapeutic effect; INR >3.0 increases bleeding risk.
4. A nurse is caring for a client with heart failure who has a weight gain of 3 kg in 2 days. Which
ofthe following is the nurse's priority action?
A) Call the provider
B) Restrict sodium intake
C) Administer furosemide
D) Monitor blood pressure
- detailed answer 100% correct:_C
Rationale: Rapid weight gain of 2–3 kg in 2 days indicates significant fluid retention, which can lead to
pulmonary edema. Administering a diuretic (furosemide) is the priority intervention to remove excess
fluid and prevent respiratory compromise.
, 5. A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is perimenopausal and has a prescription
forhormone replacement therapy. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse
instruct the client to report to the provider?
A) Hot flashes
B) Calf pain
C) Vaginal dryness
D) Mood changes
- detailed answer 100% correct:_B
Rationale: Calf pain may indicate deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a serious adverse effect of hormone
replacement therapy. Other warning signs include numbness in the arms and intense headaches,
which may signal stroke or thromboembolic events.
6. A nurse is assessing a client following the completion of hemodialysis. Which of the
followingfindings is the nurse's priority to report to the provider?
A) Blood pressure 110/70 mm Hg
B) Weight loss of 2 kg
C) Muscle cramps
D) Heart rate 110/min with hypotension
- detailed answer 100% correct:_D
Rationale: Tachycardia with hypotension after hemodialysis may indicate hypovolemia, hemorrhage,
or dialysis disequilibrium syndrome. This requires immediate provider notification. Muscle cramps are
common but not the priority; mild hypotension and weight loss are expected outcomes.
7. A nurse is planning care for a client who has an arterial line. Which of the following
actionsshould the nurse take?
A) Place a pressure bag around the flush solution
B) Maintain the client in a supine position at all times
C) Zero the transducer at the level of the right atrium
D) Change the pressure bag tubing every 72 hours
