BSC 108 EXAM 3 2026 FINAL PAPER
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION
◉ What is the function of mRNA (messenger RNA)?
Answer: carries the genetic message from a gene (DNA) to
ribosomes that translate it into a protein
◉ What is the function of tRNA (transfer RNA)?
Answer: translates codons into amino acids
◉ Where does tRNA pair with mRNA?
Answer: at the anitcodon
◉ What is the function of rRNA (ribosomal RNA)?
Answer: to make up ribosomes with proteins
◉ What two processes do genes code for specific proteins?
Answer: transcription and translation
◉ What is transcription?
,Answer: synthesis of mRNA under the direction of DNA
◉ Where does transcription occur?
Answer: nucleus of a cell
◉ What is translation?
Answer: synthesis of a polypeptide (which will become a protein)
under the direction of mRNA
◉ Where does translation occur?
Answer: on the ribosomes in the cytoplasm
◉ What is the structure of tRNA?
Answer: three leaf clover, where one loop is the anticodon and the
other end is where the amino acid attaches
◉ What is tRNA's role in translation?
Answer: picks up amino acids and matches them to codons
◉ How does information flow in a cell?
Answer: DNA -> RNA -> Protein
, ◉ DNA makes RNA through:
Answer: transcription
◉ RNA makes protein through:
Answer: translation
◉ What is a mutation?
Answer: change in the genetic material of a cell
◉ What is a point mutation?
Answer: change in one base pair of a gene
◉ What can a point mutation change?
Answer: a gene's protein product
◉ What does change in the DNA molecule cause?
Answer: altered mRNA to be transcribed and different amino acids
to be added to the polypeptide chain
◉ What are frameshift mutations?
Answer: mutations caused by insertions/deletions of a number of
nucleotides not divisible by 3
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS FULL
SOLUTION
◉ What is the function of mRNA (messenger RNA)?
Answer: carries the genetic message from a gene (DNA) to
ribosomes that translate it into a protein
◉ What is the function of tRNA (transfer RNA)?
Answer: translates codons into amino acids
◉ Where does tRNA pair with mRNA?
Answer: at the anitcodon
◉ What is the function of rRNA (ribosomal RNA)?
Answer: to make up ribosomes with proteins
◉ What two processes do genes code for specific proteins?
Answer: transcription and translation
◉ What is transcription?
,Answer: synthesis of mRNA under the direction of DNA
◉ Where does transcription occur?
Answer: nucleus of a cell
◉ What is translation?
Answer: synthesis of a polypeptide (which will become a protein)
under the direction of mRNA
◉ Where does translation occur?
Answer: on the ribosomes in the cytoplasm
◉ What is the structure of tRNA?
Answer: three leaf clover, where one loop is the anticodon and the
other end is where the amino acid attaches
◉ What is tRNA's role in translation?
Answer: picks up amino acids and matches them to codons
◉ How does information flow in a cell?
Answer: DNA -> RNA -> Protein
, ◉ DNA makes RNA through:
Answer: transcription
◉ RNA makes protein through:
Answer: translation
◉ What is a mutation?
Answer: change in the genetic material of a cell
◉ What is a point mutation?
Answer: change in one base pair of a gene
◉ What can a point mutation change?
Answer: a gene's protein product
◉ What does change in the DNA molecule cause?
Answer: altered mRNA to be transcribed and different amino acids
to be added to the polypeptide chain
◉ What are frameshift mutations?
Answer: mutations caused by insertions/deletions of a number of
nucleotides not divisible by 3
