PLTW HUMAN BODY SYSTEMS UPDATED EXAMS
SCRIPT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔PCR - ✔✔(polymerase chain reaction) a method used to rapidly make multiple
copies of a specific segment of DNA; can be used to make millions of copies of DNA
from a very small amount of DNA
✔✔RFLPs - ✔✔differences in homologous DNA sequences that are reflected in
different lengths of restriction fragments produced when the DNA is cut up with
restriction enzymes
✔✔gel electrophoresis - ✔✔Procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by
placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an
electrical voltage to the gel
✔✔restriction length polymorphisms - ✔✔a difference in homologous DNA sequences
that can be detected by the presence of fragments of different lengths after digestion of
the DNA samples in question with specific restriction endonucleases
✔✔agarose - ✔✔A polysaccharide obtained from seaweed that is used as the
supporting medium in gel electrophoresis.
, ✔✔Attracted to Positive Charge - ✔✔DNA in gel electrophoresis is attracted to pos or
neg
✔✔Smaller pieces - ✔✔which part of the DNA moves faster in gel electrophoresis
✔✔central nervous system - ✔✔brain and spinal cord
✔✔brain stem - ✔✔Connects the brain and spinal cord
✔✔sensory input - ✔✔Information gathered by sensory receptors about internal and
external changes
✔✔motor output - ✔✔Activation of effector organs (muscles and glands) produces a
response
✔✔phrenology - ✔✔the detailed study of the shape and size of the cranium as a
supposed indication of character and mental abilities.
✔✔MRIs - ✔✔uses a strong magnetic field, not an x-ray, to produce an image of the
body's interior
✔✔Cerebellum - ✔✔A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor skills.
✔✔frontal lobe - ✔✔A region of the cerebral cortex that has specialized areas for
movement, abstract thinking, planning, memory, and judgement
✔✔occipital lobe - ✔✔vision
✔✔parietal lobe - ✔✔A region of the cerebral cortex whose functions include processing
information about touch.
✔✔temporal lobe - ✔✔A region of the cerebral cortex responsible for hearing and
language.
✔✔cerebrum - ✔✔Area of the brain responsible for all voluntary activities of the body
✔✔limbic system - ✔✔neural system located below the cerebral hemispheres;
associated with emotions and drives
✔✔gyri - ✔✔ridges of the brain
✔✔Sulci - ✔✔shallow grooves
SCRIPT QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔PCR - ✔✔(polymerase chain reaction) a method used to rapidly make multiple
copies of a specific segment of DNA; can be used to make millions of copies of DNA
from a very small amount of DNA
✔✔RFLPs - ✔✔differences in homologous DNA sequences that are reflected in
different lengths of restriction fragments produced when the DNA is cut up with
restriction enzymes
✔✔gel electrophoresis - ✔✔Procedure used to separate and analyze DNA fragments by
placing a mixture of DNA fragments at one end of a porous gel and applying an
electrical voltage to the gel
✔✔restriction length polymorphisms - ✔✔a difference in homologous DNA sequences
that can be detected by the presence of fragments of different lengths after digestion of
the DNA samples in question with specific restriction endonucleases
✔✔agarose - ✔✔A polysaccharide obtained from seaweed that is used as the
supporting medium in gel electrophoresis.
, ✔✔Attracted to Positive Charge - ✔✔DNA in gel electrophoresis is attracted to pos or
neg
✔✔Smaller pieces - ✔✔which part of the DNA moves faster in gel electrophoresis
✔✔central nervous system - ✔✔brain and spinal cord
✔✔brain stem - ✔✔Connects the brain and spinal cord
✔✔sensory input - ✔✔Information gathered by sensory receptors about internal and
external changes
✔✔motor output - ✔✔Activation of effector organs (muscles and glands) produces a
response
✔✔phrenology - ✔✔the detailed study of the shape and size of the cranium as a
supposed indication of character and mental abilities.
✔✔MRIs - ✔✔uses a strong magnetic field, not an x-ray, to produce an image of the
body's interior
✔✔Cerebellum - ✔✔A large structure of the hindbrain that controls fine motor skills.
✔✔frontal lobe - ✔✔A region of the cerebral cortex that has specialized areas for
movement, abstract thinking, planning, memory, and judgement
✔✔occipital lobe - ✔✔vision
✔✔parietal lobe - ✔✔A region of the cerebral cortex whose functions include processing
information about touch.
✔✔temporal lobe - ✔✔A region of the cerebral cortex responsible for hearing and
language.
✔✔cerebrum - ✔✔Area of the brain responsible for all voluntary activities of the body
✔✔limbic system - ✔✔neural system located below the cerebral hemispheres;
associated with emotions and drives
✔✔gyri - ✔✔ridges of the brain
✔✔Sulci - ✔✔shallow grooves
