PHI 240 Practice Questions with Correct
Answers
Week 1: Introduction
According to the assigned material, the moral reasons for doing something are not the
same thing as the prudential reasons for doing something.
True
According to the assigned material, one's "prudential" reasons for doing something
refer to:
one's personal reasons for doing something.
According to the assigned material, having incisors is a common descriptive claim made
by people who defend eating meat, but the truth of that claim does not tell us if eating
meat is morally right or wrong.
True
According to the assigned material, disagreement about an issue doesn't mean that
there cannot be a right answer about that issue.
True
According to the assigned material, prescriptive and descriptive claims are the same,
and both tell us what is moral.
False
According the the assigned material, philosophers don't judge whether the reasons for
our beliefs are good or bad.
False
,According to the assigned material, the terms "legal" and "moral" mean the same
thing.
False
According to the assigned material, the best way to view our beliefs prior to learning
about an ethical issue is as starting points.
True
According to the assigned material, ethics is difficult because the complexity is:
camouflaged.
Based on the assigned material, what is the name given to the often fanciful examples
used by philosophers to make a philosophical point?
thought experiments
Week 2: Moral Relativism
According to the article by James Rachels, the Cultural Differences Argument is
incorrect because:
the conclusion does not follow from the premise.
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, metaethical moral
relativist positions are typically contrasted with:
moral objectivism.
In the article by James Rachels, Rachels claims that the different attitudes toward cows
in some cultures is not based on different moral values.
True
,According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, Metaethical Moral
Relativism contains a positive thesis that moral authority depends upon:
the relative moral beliefs of a society or culture.
According to the article by James Rachels, cultural relativism claims that there is no
__________ truth in ethics.
universal
In the article by James Rachels, Rachels claims that the Eskimos' different attitudes
toward infanticide are based on:
physical circumstances different from our own.
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, in ancient Greek
philosophy, which of the following was the more common nonobjectivist reaction to
ethics:
moral skepticism.
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, Descriptive Moral
Relativism is a(n) __________ position.
empirical
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, most arguments for
Metaethical Moral Relativism are based on Descriptive Moral Relativism and the
contention that it is implausible to suppose fundamental moral disagreements can
always be resolved rationally.
True
, According to the article by James Rachels, there are some moral rules that all societies
will have in common, because those rules are necessary for society to exist.
True
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, moral relativism is
occasionally associated with an emphasis on:
tolarance.
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, Harman claims that a
moral judgment is valid because it is based on a(n):
implicit agreement made between the person and others.
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, Metaethical Moral
Relativism is partly a negative thesis that challenges the claims made by moral
objectivists.
True
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, in the early twentieth
century, which social science began to advocate for moral relativism as a viable moral
theory:
anthropology.
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, Prinz argues that moral
judgments are based on:
moral sentimentalism.
According to the article by James Rachels, the Greeks and the Callatians disposed of
their dead in the same way.
Answers
Week 1: Introduction
According to the assigned material, the moral reasons for doing something are not the
same thing as the prudential reasons for doing something.
True
According to the assigned material, one's "prudential" reasons for doing something
refer to:
one's personal reasons for doing something.
According to the assigned material, having incisors is a common descriptive claim made
by people who defend eating meat, but the truth of that claim does not tell us if eating
meat is morally right or wrong.
True
According to the assigned material, disagreement about an issue doesn't mean that
there cannot be a right answer about that issue.
True
According to the assigned material, prescriptive and descriptive claims are the same,
and both tell us what is moral.
False
According the the assigned material, philosophers don't judge whether the reasons for
our beliefs are good or bad.
False
,According to the assigned material, the terms "legal" and "moral" mean the same
thing.
False
According to the assigned material, the best way to view our beliefs prior to learning
about an ethical issue is as starting points.
True
According to the assigned material, ethics is difficult because the complexity is:
camouflaged.
Based on the assigned material, what is the name given to the often fanciful examples
used by philosophers to make a philosophical point?
thought experiments
Week 2: Moral Relativism
According to the article by James Rachels, the Cultural Differences Argument is
incorrect because:
the conclusion does not follow from the premise.
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, metaethical moral
relativist positions are typically contrasted with:
moral objectivism.
In the article by James Rachels, Rachels claims that the different attitudes toward cows
in some cultures is not based on different moral values.
True
,According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, Metaethical Moral
Relativism contains a positive thesis that moral authority depends upon:
the relative moral beliefs of a society or culture.
According to the article by James Rachels, cultural relativism claims that there is no
__________ truth in ethics.
universal
In the article by James Rachels, Rachels claims that the Eskimos' different attitudes
toward infanticide are based on:
physical circumstances different from our own.
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, in ancient Greek
philosophy, which of the following was the more common nonobjectivist reaction to
ethics:
moral skepticism.
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, Descriptive Moral
Relativism is a(n) __________ position.
empirical
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, most arguments for
Metaethical Moral Relativism are based on Descriptive Moral Relativism and the
contention that it is implausible to suppose fundamental moral disagreements can
always be resolved rationally.
True
, According to the article by James Rachels, there are some moral rules that all societies
will have in common, because those rules are necessary for society to exist.
True
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, moral relativism is
occasionally associated with an emphasis on:
tolarance.
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, Harman claims that a
moral judgment is valid because it is based on a(n):
implicit agreement made between the person and others.
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, Metaethical Moral
Relativism is partly a negative thesis that challenges the claims made by moral
objectivists.
True
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, in the early twentieth
century, which social science began to advocate for moral relativism as a viable moral
theory:
anthropology.
According to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy article, Prinz argues that moral
judgments are based on:
moral sentimentalism.
According to the article by James Rachels, the Greeks and the Callatians disposed of
their dead in the same way.
