NURS 4331 Nursing of Children and
Adolescents Exam 2 Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Plus Rationale
2027 Q&A| Instant Download Pdf
1. A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant. Which developmental
milestone is expected at this age?
A. Walking independently
B. Saying three-word sentences
C. Rolling over from back to abdomen
D. Drawing simple shapes
Answer: C. Rolling over from back to abdomen
Rationale: Around 6 months of age, infants commonly roll from back
to abdomen, sit with support, transfer objects between hands, and
begin babbling. Walking and drawing occur much later, while three-
word sentences are expected during toddlerhood.
, 2. A child with acute otitis media is prescribed amoxicillin. Which
nursing instruction is most appropriate?
A. Stop the medication once symptoms improve.
B. Skip doses if the child develops diarrhea.
C. Complete the entire prescribed course of antibiotics.
D. Give the medication only at bedtime.
Answer: C. Complete the entire prescribed course of antibiotics.
Rationale: Completing the full antibiotic regimen ensures eradication
of the infection and reduces the development of antibiotic resistance.
Symptoms often improve before the infection is completely resolved.
3. Which assessment finding is most concerning in a 2-month-old
infant?
A. Strong Moro reflex
B. Weight gain of 25 g/day
C. Rectal temperature of 38.2°C (100.8°F)
D. Awakens every 3 hours for feeding
Answer: C. Rectal temperature of 38.2°C (100.8°F)
,Rationale: Any fever of 38°C (100.4°F) or higher in an infant younger
than 3 months requires prompt medical evaluation because of the risk
of serious bacterial infection.
4. Which immunization is routinely administered at birth?
A. MMR
B. Varicella
C. DTaP
D. Hepatitis B
Answer: D. Hepatitis B
Rationale: The hepatitis B vaccine is routinely given shortly after birth
to reduce the risk of perinatal and early childhood infection.
5. A nurse is caring for a child with croup. Which assessment finding
requires immediate intervention?
A. Barking cough
B. Hoarse voice
C. Low-grade fever
, D. Inspiratory stridor at rest
Answer: D. Inspiratory stridor at rest
Rationale: Stridor at rest indicates significant upper airway
obstruction and requires immediate assessment and intervention to
prevent respiratory failure.
6. Which finding is expected in a child with nephrotic syndrome?
A. Hematuria
B. Hypertension only
C. Generalized edema
D. Hyperactivity
Answer: C. Generalized edema
Rationale: Massive protein loss through the kidneys causes
hypoalbuminemia, decreased plasma oncotic pressure, and
generalized edema, which is the hallmark of nephrotic syndrome.
7. Which intervention is appropriate when caring for a child with
bacterial meningitis?
Adolescents Exam 2 Questions And Correct
Answers (Verified Answers) Plus Rationale
2027 Q&A| Instant Download Pdf
1. A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant. Which developmental
milestone is expected at this age?
A. Walking independently
B. Saying three-word sentences
C. Rolling over from back to abdomen
D. Drawing simple shapes
Answer: C. Rolling over from back to abdomen
Rationale: Around 6 months of age, infants commonly roll from back
to abdomen, sit with support, transfer objects between hands, and
begin babbling. Walking and drawing occur much later, while three-
word sentences are expected during toddlerhood.
, 2. A child with acute otitis media is prescribed amoxicillin. Which
nursing instruction is most appropriate?
A. Stop the medication once symptoms improve.
B. Skip doses if the child develops diarrhea.
C. Complete the entire prescribed course of antibiotics.
D. Give the medication only at bedtime.
Answer: C. Complete the entire prescribed course of antibiotics.
Rationale: Completing the full antibiotic regimen ensures eradication
of the infection and reduces the development of antibiotic resistance.
Symptoms often improve before the infection is completely resolved.
3. Which assessment finding is most concerning in a 2-month-old
infant?
A. Strong Moro reflex
B. Weight gain of 25 g/day
C. Rectal temperature of 38.2°C (100.8°F)
D. Awakens every 3 hours for feeding
Answer: C. Rectal temperature of 38.2°C (100.8°F)
,Rationale: Any fever of 38°C (100.4°F) or higher in an infant younger
than 3 months requires prompt medical evaluation because of the risk
of serious bacterial infection.
4. Which immunization is routinely administered at birth?
A. MMR
B. Varicella
C. DTaP
D. Hepatitis B
Answer: D. Hepatitis B
Rationale: The hepatitis B vaccine is routinely given shortly after birth
to reduce the risk of perinatal and early childhood infection.
5. A nurse is caring for a child with croup. Which assessment finding
requires immediate intervention?
A. Barking cough
B. Hoarse voice
C. Low-grade fever
, D. Inspiratory stridor at rest
Answer: D. Inspiratory stridor at rest
Rationale: Stridor at rest indicates significant upper airway
obstruction and requires immediate assessment and intervention to
prevent respiratory failure.
6. Which finding is expected in a child with nephrotic syndrome?
A. Hematuria
B. Hypertension only
C. Generalized edema
D. Hyperactivity
Answer: C. Generalized edema
Rationale: Massive protein loss through the kidneys causes
hypoalbuminemia, decreased plasma oncotic pressure, and
generalized edema, which is the hallmark of nephrotic syndrome.
7. Which intervention is appropriate when caring for a child with
bacterial meningitis?
