NURS 6521N Exam 4 V2 | NURS 6521N
Advanced Pharmacology | Actual Q&A
with Rationale (NURS6521N Exam 4) |
Walden University
1. A 55-year-old patient is prescribed Metformin for Type 2 Diabetes. Which of the following
is the most significant gastrointestinal side effect the nurse should educate the patient
about?
A. Constipation
B. Increased appetite
C. Diarrhea and abdominal cramping
D. Dysphagia
Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin is well-known for causing initial gastrointestinal distress, including
diarrhea, nausea, and cramping. To minimize these effects, it is recommended to start with
a low dose and titrate up slowly. Patients should also be advised to take the medication
with meals to improve tolerance.
2. When educating a patient on the administration of Levothyroxine for hypothyroidism,
what time of day should the nurse recommend?
A. In the morning on an empty stomach
,B. Immediately after a high-fiber breakfast
C. Right before bedtime with a snack
D. With the largest meal of the day
Answer: A
Rationale: Levothyroxine absorption is significantly altered by food, especially calcium
and fiber. Taking it on an empty stomach, at least 30 to 60 minutes before breakfast,
ensures optimal bioavailability. Consistency in administration is crucial for maintaining
stable thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.
3. A patient has been taking Omeprazole (Prilosec) for long-term management of GERD.
Which nutritional deficiency should the nurse monitor for?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin A
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin B12
Answer: D
Rationale: Long-term suppression of gastric acid by PPIs can lead to the malabsorption of
Vitamin B12, which requires acid for release from dietary protein. Patients on chronic PPI
therapy are also at risk for magnesium deficiency and bone fractures. Regular monitoring
of serum B12 and bone density may be necessary for these patients.
, 4. An adult patient with asthma is prescribed Albuterol for acute symptom relief. Which
classification does this drug belong to?
A. Inhaled Corticosteroid
B. Long-Acting Beta-Agonist (LABA)
C. Mast Cell Stabilizer
D. Short-Acting Beta-Agonist (SABA)
Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol is a Short-Acting Beta-Agonist used for the rapid relief of
bronchospasm. It acts by stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs, leading to
smooth muscle relaxation. Over-reliance on this ‘rescue’ inhaler often indicates poorly
controlled asthma that requires the addition of a maintenance medication.
5. Which of the following patients would have a primary contraindication for the use of
Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs)?
A. A 25-year-old with a history of acne
B. A 19-year-old with heavy menstrual bleeding
C. A 30-year-old with a BMI of 24
D. A 36-year-old woman who smokes 15 cigarettes a day
Answer: D
Advanced Pharmacology | Actual Q&A
with Rationale (NURS6521N Exam 4) |
Walden University
1. A 55-year-old patient is prescribed Metformin for Type 2 Diabetes. Which of the following
is the most significant gastrointestinal side effect the nurse should educate the patient
about?
A. Constipation
B. Increased appetite
C. Diarrhea and abdominal cramping
D. Dysphagia
Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin is well-known for causing initial gastrointestinal distress, including
diarrhea, nausea, and cramping. To minimize these effects, it is recommended to start with
a low dose and titrate up slowly. Patients should also be advised to take the medication
with meals to improve tolerance.
2. When educating a patient on the administration of Levothyroxine for hypothyroidism,
what time of day should the nurse recommend?
A. In the morning on an empty stomach
,B. Immediately after a high-fiber breakfast
C. Right before bedtime with a snack
D. With the largest meal of the day
Answer: A
Rationale: Levothyroxine absorption is significantly altered by food, especially calcium
and fiber. Taking it on an empty stomach, at least 30 to 60 minutes before breakfast,
ensures optimal bioavailability. Consistency in administration is crucial for maintaining
stable thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels.
3. A patient has been taking Omeprazole (Prilosec) for long-term management of GERD.
Which nutritional deficiency should the nurse monitor for?
A. Vitamin C
B. Vitamin A
C. Vitamin K
D. Vitamin B12
Answer: D
Rationale: Long-term suppression of gastric acid by PPIs can lead to the malabsorption of
Vitamin B12, which requires acid for release from dietary protein. Patients on chronic PPI
therapy are also at risk for magnesium deficiency and bone fractures. Regular monitoring
of serum B12 and bone density may be necessary for these patients.
, 4. An adult patient with asthma is prescribed Albuterol for acute symptom relief. Which
classification does this drug belong to?
A. Inhaled Corticosteroid
B. Long-Acting Beta-Agonist (LABA)
C. Mast Cell Stabilizer
D. Short-Acting Beta-Agonist (SABA)
Answer: D
Rationale: Albuterol is a Short-Acting Beta-Agonist used for the rapid relief of
bronchospasm. It acts by stimulating beta-2 adrenergic receptors in the lungs, leading to
smooth muscle relaxation. Over-reliance on this ‘rescue’ inhaler often indicates poorly
controlled asthma that requires the addition of a maintenance medication.
5. Which of the following patients would have a primary contraindication for the use of
Combined Oral Contraceptives (COCs)?
A. A 25-year-old with a history of acne
B. A 19-year-old with heavy menstrual bleeding
C. A 30-year-old with a BMI of 24
D. A 36-year-old woman who smokes 15 cigarettes a day
Answer: D
