BA 323 – NIELANDER – EXAM 1 2026 CERTIFICATION EVALUATION EXAMS COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

BA 323 – NIELANDER – EXAM 1 2026
CERTIFICATION EVALUATION EXAMS
COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

◉ DISORDERS OF CIRCULATION
What pathophysiology is "Vasospasm of small arteries and arterioles
of the fingers and/or toes triggered by brief exposure to cold or
emotional stress".
Answer: Raynaud's Syndrome


◉ DISORDERS OF CIRCULATION
Clinical Manifestations of Raynaud's Syndrome.
Answer: Vasoconstriction of vessels
Skin color changes, pain, numbness
When blood returns (rubor, throbbing, paresthesia's)


◉ DISORDERS OF CIRCULATION
What is an inflammatory injury or necrosis of blood vessels?.
Answer: Vasculitides


◉ DISORDERS OF CIRCULATION
What is Kawasaki Disease?.

,Answer: Deals with blood vessels and heart
Deals with children (strawberry tongue)


◉ DISORDERS OF CIRCULATION
What is the pathophysiology of septic shock>.
Answer: • Massive inflammatory response to infection
• Complex process of activation of inflammatory mediators
• Potent vasodilation and increased capillary permeability (Blood
pressure low and edema)
• Hypoxemia (poor oxygen delivery to organs)


◉ DISORDERS OF CIRCULATION
Clinical Manifestations of Septic Shock?.
Answer: • Signs of infection plus
• Hypotension, oliguria (kidneys not able to secrete)
• Metabolic acidosis: increased lactate levels


◉ DISORDERS OF CIRCULATION
What is venous damage?.
Answer: Obstruction due to clot


◉ DISORDERS OF CIRCULATION

, What are risk factors of venous damage?.
Answer: Increased age
Female
Positive family history
Obesity
Pregnancy
Phlebitis (inflammation of the walls of a vein)
Previous leg injury
Birth control pills/smoking


◉ DISORDERS OF CIRCULATION
What are dilated engorged veins near the skin surface?.
Answer: Varicosities


◉ DISORDERS OF CIRCULATION
What is venous stasis?.
Answer: Blood pools in areas of venous system and clotting
accumulates


◉ DISORDERS OF CIRCULATION
What is thrombophlebitis?.