NREMT Exam study set
Levels of EMS training -
EMR, EMT, AEMT, Paramedic
7 different specialty facility's, that patient can be transported too -
1) Stroke center 2) cardiac center 3) trauma center 4) behavioral center 5) pediatric
center 6) obstetric center 7) poison center
What is always a EMT's first priority with scene safety -
EMT's own personal safety
What is a HEPA mask or N-95 Respirator used for? -
For suspected disease exposure, such as tuberculosis
What does "staging for PD" mean? -
EMS responders maintaining a safe distance from crime scene until law enforcement
clears it.
Emergency move def -
When scene is dangerous and the patient must be moved before providing patient
care.
Urgent move def -
When patient has potentially life threatening injuries or illness and must be moved
quickly for evaluation and transport
Scope of practice def -
Scope of practice outlines the actions a provider is legally allowed to preform based
on his or her license or certification level
Standard of care -
Required level of care with in a EMT's scope of practice
Expressed consent -
When a patient is alert and oriented enough to give verbal or non verbal consent
Implied consent -
The assumption of consent for emergency care from a unresponsive or incompetent
patient
Involuntary consent -
For mentally incompetent adults or those in the custody of law enforcement
Minors consent -
Minors are not competent to accept or refuse care, unless they're a emancipated minor
6 different EMS communications -
1|Page
, 1) Portable radio 2) mobile radio 3) repeater 4) base station 5) mobile data
computers(MDCS) 6) cellular phones
patient care report (PCR) -
Provides important information to those that will continue patient care after your work
is done
Anatomy def -
Study of the body's structure
Physiology def -
Study of the body's function
Pathophysiology def -
The study of disease
Homeostasis def -
A state of balance and equilibrium with in the body(every cell, tissue, organ and
system in the human body functions to maintain homeostasis
3 Planes of the body -
1) Midline(divides body from left and right) 2) traverse(top and bottom of body from
belly button) 3) frontal(divides body into anterior and posterior)
Anterior and posterior def -
Anterior is front and posterior is back
Medial and lateral -
Medial: towards the midline
Lateral: away from the midline
4 body positions -
1) supine 2) prone 3) Fowler 4) recovery position
The 4 adominal quadrants -
1) left upper quadrant(LUQ) 2) right upper quadrant(RUQ) 3) left lower
quadrant(LLQ) 4) right lower quadrant(RLQ)
Tendons, ligaments and cartilage def -
Tendons: connect bone to muscle, Ligaments: connect bone to bone, Cartilage:
connective tissue that allows smooth movement of the joints
How many vertebrae are there in the spinal column and what are the groups -
Spinal column consist of 33 vertebrae. Cervical: 7 C1 to C7, Thoracic: 12 T1 to T12,
Lumbar: 5 L1 to L5, Sacrum: 5 fused vertebrae, Coccyx: 4 fused vertebrae
What is the Thoracic cavity and what does it house? -
Thoracic cavity is the rib cage and it houses the heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus, and
great vessels
2|Page
, What are the 3 types of muscles -
smooth(digestive tract and blood vessels), skeletal(biceps/triceps), cardiac(heart)
5 components of upper airway -
1) nose/mouth 2) nasopharynx 3) oropharnyx 4) larynx(voice box) 5) epiglottis
5 Components of the Lower Airway -
1) trachea 2) carina(where trachea branches of to the bronchi) 3) left and right
mainstem bronchi 4) bronchioles 5) alveoli's
What is negative pressure breathing vs positive pressure breathing? -
Negative pressure breathing is: Inhalation, Positive pressure breathing is: Exhalation
Carbon dioxide drive def -
The primary mechanism of breathing control for most people
Hypoxic drive def -
Hypoxic drive is the back up system for CO2 drive
What are the breathing rates for an Adult, pediatric and infant patients -
Adult: 12-20 bpm, Pediatric: 15-30 bpm, Infant: 25-50 bpm
Agonal breaths def -
Dying gasps; slow and shallow; will not move air into alveoli
What does the left pump of the heart do? -
Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and sends it throughout the body
What does the right pump of the heart do? -
Receives deoxygenated blood from the body and sends it to the lungs to drop of CO2
and pick up oxygen on its way to the left heart pump
4 components of blood -
plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
Systolic bp vs diastolic bp -
Systolic bp: the blood pressure exerted during contraction of the left ventricle,
Diastolic bp: the blood pressure in between contractions
Perfusion def -
Perfusion is the flow of blood throughout the body
Adequate vs Inadequate perfusion -
Adequate perfusion: blood flow is adequate to all tissues and organs, Inadequate
perfusion: (hypoperfusion or shock) means blood flow has been compromised to the point the
entire body is at risk
3 parts of the brain -
cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem
3|Page
Levels of EMS training -
EMR, EMT, AEMT, Paramedic
7 different specialty facility's, that patient can be transported too -
1) Stroke center 2) cardiac center 3) trauma center 4) behavioral center 5) pediatric
center 6) obstetric center 7) poison center
What is always a EMT's first priority with scene safety -
EMT's own personal safety
What is a HEPA mask or N-95 Respirator used for? -
For suspected disease exposure, such as tuberculosis
What does "staging for PD" mean? -
EMS responders maintaining a safe distance from crime scene until law enforcement
clears it.
Emergency move def -
When scene is dangerous and the patient must be moved before providing patient
care.
Urgent move def -
When patient has potentially life threatening injuries or illness and must be moved
quickly for evaluation and transport
Scope of practice def -
Scope of practice outlines the actions a provider is legally allowed to preform based
on his or her license or certification level
Standard of care -
Required level of care with in a EMT's scope of practice
Expressed consent -
When a patient is alert and oriented enough to give verbal or non verbal consent
Implied consent -
The assumption of consent for emergency care from a unresponsive or incompetent
patient
Involuntary consent -
For mentally incompetent adults or those in the custody of law enforcement
Minors consent -
Minors are not competent to accept or refuse care, unless they're a emancipated minor
6 different EMS communications -
1|Page
, 1) Portable radio 2) mobile radio 3) repeater 4) base station 5) mobile data
computers(MDCS) 6) cellular phones
patient care report (PCR) -
Provides important information to those that will continue patient care after your work
is done
Anatomy def -
Study of the body's structure
Physiology def -
Study of the body's function
Pathophysiology def -
The study of disease
Homeostasis def -
A state of balance and equilibrium with in the body(every cell, tissue, organ and
system in the human body functions to maintain homeostasis
3 Planes of the body -
1) Midline(divides body from left and right) 2) traverse(top and bottom of body from
belly button) 3) frontal(divides body into anterior and posterior)
Anterior and posterior def -
Anterior is front and posterior is back
Medial and lateral -
Medial: towards the midline
Lateral: away from the midline
4 body positions -
1) supine 2) prone 3) Fowler 4) recovery position
The 4 adominal quadrants -
1) left upper quadrant(LUQ) 2) right upper quadrant(RUQ) 3) left lower
quadrant(LLQ) 4) right lower quadrant(RLQ)
Tendons, ligaments and cartilage def -
Tendons: connect bone to muscle, Ligaments: connect bone to bone, Cartilage:
connective tissue that allows smooth movement of the joints
How many vertebrae are there in the spinal column and what are the groups -
Spinal column consist of 33 vertebrae. Cervical: 7 C1 to C7, Thoracic: 12 T1 to T12,
Lumbar: 5 L1 to L5, Sacrum: 5 fused vertebrae, Coccyx: 4 fused vertebrae
What is the Thoracic cavity and what does it house? -
Thoracic cavity is the rib cage and it houses the heart, lungs, trachea, esophagus, and
great vessels
2|Page
, What are the 3 types of muscles -
smooth(digestive tract and blood vessels), skeletal(biceps/triceps), cardiac(heart)
5 components of upper airway -
1) nose/mouth 2) nasopharynx 3) oropharnyx 4) larynx(voice box) 5) epiglottis
5 Components of the Lower Airway -
1) trachea 2) carina(where trachea branches of to the bronchi) 3) left and right
mainstem bronchi 4) bronchioles 5) alveoli's
What is negative pressure breathing vs positive pressure breathing? -
Negative pressure breathing is: Inhalation, Positive pressure breathing is: Exhalation
Carbon dioxide drive def -
The primary mechanism of breathing control for most people
Hypoxic drive def -
Hypoxic drive is the back up system for CO2 drive
What are the breathing rates for an Adult, pediatric and infant patients -
Adult: 12-20 bpm, Pediatric: 15-30 bpm, Infant: 25-50 bpm
Agonal breaths def -
Dying gasps; slow and shallow; will not move air into alveoli
What does the left pump of the heart do? -
Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and sends it throughout the body
What does the right pump of the heart do? -
Receives deoxygenated blood from the body and sends it to the lungs to drop of CO2
and pick up oxygen on its way to the left heart pump
4 components of blood -
plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets
Systolic bp vs diastolic bp -
Systolic bp: the blood pressure exerted during contraction of the left ventricle,
Diastolic bp: the blood pressure in between contractions
Perfusion def -
Perfusion is the flow of blood throughout the body
Adequate vs Inadequate perfusion -
Adequate perfusion: blood flow is adequate to all tissues and organs, Inadequate
perfusion: (hypoperfusion or shock) means blood flow has been compromised to the point the
entire body is at risk
3 parts of the brain -
cerebrum, cerebellum, brain stem
3|Page
