NURS 225 Exam 4 V3 | NURS 225 Nutrition
Proctored Exam | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NURS225 Exam 4) | West Coast
University
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN). Which of the
following lab findings is the priority to report to the provider?
A. Prealbumin level of 18 mg/dL
B. Sodium level of 138 mEq/L
C. Serum glucose level of 240 mg/dL
D. Calcium level of 9.2 mg/dL
Answer: C
Rationale: The serum glucose level of 240 mg/dL is significantly elevated and indicates
hyperglycemia, which is a common complication of TPN due to its high dextrose content.
The nurse should report this immediately to ensure proper insulin management and
prevent metabolic distress. Other values provided for sodium, prealbumin, and calcium are
within or near expected reference ranges.
2. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care for a
client with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) to manage phosphorus levels?
A. Limit the intake of nuts and legumes
,B. Increase intake of dairy products
C. Encourage the consumption of dark colas
D. Administer phosphorus supplements with meals
Answer: A
Rationale: Nuts and legumes are high in phosphorus and should be restricted in clients
with CKD to prevent hyperphosphatemia. High phosphorus levels in the blood can lead to
secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone disease. The nurse must educate the client on
identifying hidden sources of phosphorus in processed foods and drinks.
3. A nurse is educating a client with Type 1 Diabetes about managing hypoglycemia. Which of
the following items should the nurse recommend as an appropriate ‘15-gram carbohydrate’
treatment?
A. 4 ounces of orange juice
B. 2 tablespoons of peanut butter
C. 1 cup of whole milk
D. 1 slice of cheese
Answer: A
Rationale: Four ounces of fruit juice typically contains approximately 15 grams of simple
carbohydrates, which is the standard treatment for a hypoglycemic episode. Simple
carbohydrates are absorbed quickly to raise blood sugar levels effectively. Peanut butter
, and cheese are primarily protein and fat, which slow the absorption of glucose and are not
ideal for immediate treatment.
4. Which nutritional recommendation is most appropriate for a client diagnosed with heart
failure?
A. Increase intake of canned vegetables
B. Restrict sodium intake to less than 2,000 mg per day
C. Consume at least 4 grams of sodium daily
D. Encourage fluid intake of 3 liters daily
Answer: B
Rationale: Sodium restriction is vital for heart failure patients to prevent fluid retention
and exacerbation of symptoms. Excessive sodium intake leads to water retention, which
increases the workload on the heart. The nurse should also monitor for signs of edema and
weight gain in these clients.
5. A nurse is assessing a client who has a new prescription for an MAOI. Which food should
the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
A. Fresh green beans
B. Cottage cheese
C. Grilled chicken breast
D. Aged cheddar cheese
Proctored Exam | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NURS225 Exam 4) | West Coast
University
1. A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN). Which of the
following lab findings is the priority to report to the provider?
A. Prealbumin level of 18 mg/dL
B. Sodium level of 138 mEq/L
C. Serum glucose level of 240 mg/dL
D. Calcium level of 9.2 mg/dL
Answer: C
Rationale: The serum glucose level of 240 mg/dL is significantly elevated and indicates
hyperglycemia, which is a common complication of TPN due to its high dextrose content.
The nurse should report this immediately to ensure proper insulin management and
prevent metabolic distress. Other values provided for sodium, prealbumin, and calcium are
within or near expected reference ranges.
2. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care for a
client with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) to manage phosphorus levels?
A. Limit the intake of nuts and legumes
,B. Increase intake of dairy products
C. Encourage the consumption of dark colas
D. Administer phosphorus supplements with meals
Answer: A
Rationale: Nuts and legumes are high in phosphorus and should be restricted in clients
with CKD to prevent hyperphosphatemia. High phosphorus levels in the blood can lead to
secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone disease. The nurse must educate the client on
identifying hidden sources of phosphorus in processed foods and drinks.
3. A nurse is educating a client with Type 1 Diabetes about managing hypoglycemia. Which of
the following items should the nurse recommend as an appropriate ‘15-gram carbohydrate’
treatment?
A. 4 ounces of orange juice
B. 2 tablespoons of peanut butter
C. 1 cup of whole milk
D. 1 slice of cheese
Answer: A
Rationale: Four ounces of fruit juice typically contains approximately 15 grams of simple
carbohydrates, which is the standard treatment for a hypoglycemic episode. Simple
carbohydrates are absorbed quickly to raise blood sugar levels effectively. Peanut butter
, and cheese are primarily protein and fat, which slow the absorption of glucose and are not
ideal for immediate treatment.
4. Which nutritional recommendation is most appropriate for a client diagnosed with heart
failure?
A. Increase intake of canned vegetables
B. Restrict sodium intake to less than 2,000 mg per day
C. Consume at least 4 grams of sodium daily
D. Encourage fluid intake of 3 liters daily
Answer: B
Rationale: Sodium restriction is vital for heart failure patients to prevent fluid retention
and exacerbation of symptoms. Excessive sodium intake leads to water retention, which
increases the workload on the heart. The nurse should also monitor for signs of edema and
weight gain in these clients.
5. A nurse is assessing a client who has a new prescription for an MAOI. Which food should
the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
A. Fresh green beans
B. Cottage cheese
C. Grilled chicken breast
D. Aged cheddar cheese
