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Section A: Week 1 — Introduction to Entrepreneurship &
Entrepreneurial Mindset
Q1: A person who believes their success is primarily determined by their own efforts
and decisions rather than by external forces or luck is demonstrating:
A. External locus of control
B. Internal locus of control [CORRECT]
C. Learned helplessness
D. Risk aversion
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Internal locus of control is the belief that outcomes are determined by one's
own actions and efforts. External locus of control (Option A) attributes outcomes to
external factors. Learned helplessness (Option C) is a passive response to perceived
lack of control. Risk aversion (Option D) is unrelated to attribution of causality.
Q2: An entrepreneur who views failure as a learning opportunity and persists through
setbacks is best described as having:
A. Fixed mindset
,B. Growth mindset and resilience [CORRECT]
C. External locus of control
D. Avoidant coping style
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Growth mindset (Dweck) embraces challenges and sees failure as growth;
resilience enables persistence through adversity. Fixed mindset (Option A) views
abilities as static. External locus (Option C) attributes outcomes externally. Avoidant
coping (Option D) evades rather than confronts challenges.
Q3: "Grit" in entrepreneurship refers to:
A. The ability to raise large amounts of capital quickly
B. Passion and perseverance for long-term goals despite obstacles [CORRECT]
C. Aggressive negotiation tactics with investors
D. Short-term focus on immediate profits
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Grit (Duckworth) is the combination of passion and sustained perseverance
toward long-term objectives. Option A describes fundraising skill. Option C describes
negotiation style. Option D contradicts grit's long-term orientation.
Q4: A founder who remains calm and decisive when market conditions suddenly shift
demonstrates:
,A. Risk avoidance
B. Comfort with ambiguity [CORRECT]
C. External locus of control
D. Perfectionism
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Comfort with ambiguity is the capacity to make decisions and operate
effectively in uncertain, unpredictable environments. Risk avoidance (Option A) evades
uncertainty. External locus (Option C) is unrelated. Perfectionism (Option D) often
paralyzes decision-making under uncertainty.
Q5: Cognitive adaptability in entrepreneurship means:
A. Rigid adherence to the original business plan
B. The ability to adjust mental models and strategies in response to new information
and changing conditions [CORRECT]
C. Avoiding any changes to the initial idea
D. Delegating all decision-making to advisors
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Cognitive adaptability is the flexibility to update mental frameworks and pivot
strategies based on new evidence. Option A describes rigidity. Option C is the opposite
of adaptability. Option D describes dependency, not adaptability.
, Q6: Entrepreneurial alertness is best defined as:
A. The ability to monitor competitors' prices
B. The capacity to notice and recognize opportunities that others overlook [CORRECT]
C. The skill of managing daily operations efficiently
D. The tendency to avoid risky ventures
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Entrepreneurial alertness (Kirzner) is the heightened sensitivity to unnoticed
opportunities in the environment. Option A describes competitive intelligence. Option C
describes operational management. Option D describes risk aversion.
Q7: A person starts a business because they are frustrated with limited advancement in
their corporate job. This is an example of:
A. Pull motivation
B. Push motivation [CORRECT]
C. Effectual reasoning
D. Market-driven opportunity
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Push motivation arises from dissatisfaction with current circumstances (job
loss, limited advancement). Pull motivation (Option A) is attracted by market
opportunities. Effectual reasoning (Option C) is a decision-making logic, not a
motivation type. Option D describes pull, not push.