NURS 201 Quiz 10 V3 | NURS 201 Medical
Surgical Nursing | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NURS201 Quiz 10) | West Coast
University
1. A nurse is caring for a client with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Which of the following
laboratory findings should the nurse prioritize as a sign of potential complications?
A. Sodium level of 138 mEq/L
B. Creatinine level of 1.0 mg/dL
C. Potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L
D. Calcium level of 9.5 mg/dL
Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperkalemia is a life-threatening complication of renal failure due to the
kidneys’ inability to excrete potassium. A level of 6.2 mEq/L poses a high risk for cardiac
dysrhythmias and arrest. The nurse must monitor the ECG and notify the provider
immediately to initiate potassium-lowering therapies.
2. A client is diagnosed with Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Which of the following
conditions most likely contributed to this diagnosis?
A. Aminoglycoside toxicity
B. Acute Glomerulonephritis
,C. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
D. Severe dehydration and hypotension
Answer: D
Rationale: Prerenal AKI is caused by factors that reduce systemic circulation, causing a
decrease in renal blood flow. Severe dehydration and hypotension lead to decreased
perfusion to the kidneys, which triggers compensatory mechanisms. If not corrected
promptly, prerenal causes can lead to intrarenal damage.
3. When assessing a client receiving peritoneal dialysis, the nurse notices that the outflow is
cloudy. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Warm the next bag of dialysate
B. Notify the healthcare provider and obtain a culture
C. Decrease the dwell time
D. Reposition the client to promote drainage
Answer: B
Rationale: Cloudy effluent is the primary clinical sign of peritonitis, a serious complication
of peritoneal dialysis. The nurse must obtain a culture of the drainage to identify the
causative organism and begin antibiotic therapy. Other signs may include abdominal pain,
rebound tenderness, and fever.
, 4. A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with uric acid stones. Which food
choice indicates the client understands the dietary restrictions?
A. Spinach salad with liver
B. Sardines on whole-wheat crackers
C. Grilled chicken breast with steamed broccoli
D. Red wine and aged cheese
Answer: C
Rationale: Clients with uric acid stones should follow a low-purine diet to prevent stone
recurrence. Organ meats, sardines, and certain shellfish are high in purines and should be
avoided. Chicken is relatively lower in purine compared to the other listed high-risk
options like liver and sardines.
5. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to observe in a client during the
oliguric phase of AKI?
A. Hypovolemia and hypotension
B. Hypokalemia and alkalosis
C. Fluid volume excess and edema
D. Increased urine specific gravity
Answer: C
Surgical Nursing | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NURS201 Quiz 10) | West Coast
University
1. A nurse is caring for a client with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Which of the following
laboratory findings should the nurse prioritize as a sign of potential complications?
A. Sodium level of 138 mEq/L
B. Creatinine level of 1.0 mg/dL
C. Potassium level of 6.2 mEq/L
D. Calcium level of 9.5 mg/dL
Answer: C
Rationale: Hyperkalemia is a life-threatening complication of renal failure due to the
kidneys’ inability to excrete potassium. A level of 6.2 mEq/L poses a high risk for cardiac
dysrhythmias and arrest. The nurse must monitor the ECG and notify the provider
immediately to initiate potassium-lowering therapies.
2. A client is diagnosed with Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Which of the following
conditions most likely contributed to this diagnosis?
A. Aminoglycoside toxicity
B. Acute Glomerulonephritis
,C. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)
D. Severe dehydration and hypotension
Answer: D
Rationale: Prerenal AKI is caused by factors that reduce systemic circulation, causing a
decrease in renal blood flow. Severe dehydration and hypotension lead to decreased
perfusion to the kidneys, which triggers compensatory mechanisms. If not corrected
promptly, prerenal causes can lead to intrarenal damage.
3. When assessing a client receiving peritoneal dialysis, the nurse notices that the outflow is
cloudy. Which action should the nurse take first?
A. Warm the next bag of dialysate
B. Notify the healthcare provider and obtain a culture
C. Decrease the dwell time
D. Reposition the client to promote drainage
Answer: B
Rationale: Cloudy effluent is the primary clinical sign of peritonitis, a serious complication
of peritoneal dialysis. The nurse must obtain a culture of the drainage to identify the
causative organism and begin antibiotic therapy. Other signs may include abdominal pain,
rebound tenderness, and fever.
, 4. A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client with uric acid stones. Which food
choice indicates the client understands the dietary restrictions?
A. Spinach salad with liver
B. Sardines on whole-wheat crackers
C. Grilled chicken breast with steamed broccoli
D. Red wine and aged cheese
Answer: C
Rationale: Clients with uric acid stones should follow a low-purine diet to prevent stone
recurrence. Organ meats, sardines, and certain shellfish are high in purines and should be
avoided. Chicken is relatively lower in purine compared to the other listed high-risk
options like liver and sardines.
5. Which clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to observe in a client during the
oliguric phase of AKI?
A. Hypovolemia and hypotension
B. Hypokalemia and alkalosis
C. Fluid volume excess and edema
D. Increased urine specific gravity
Answer: C
