Stahl'sEssentialPsychopharmacologyNeuroscientificBasisandPractical Applications 5th edition Test bank / Study guide

Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
Applications 5th Edition Test bank / StudyGuide




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,Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
Applications 5th Edition Test bank / StudyGuide
cationsJ 5thJEditionJTestbank/StudyJGuide

Chapter 1 Chemical neurotransmission
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MULTIPLE CHOICE J


1. A patient with depression mentions to the nurse, My mother says depression is a che
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mical disorder. What does she mean? The nurses response is based on the theory that de
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pression primarily involves which of the following neurotransmitters?
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a. Cortisol and GABA J J



b. COMT and glutamate J J



c. Monamine and glycine J J



d. Serotonin and norepinephrine J J J


ANS: D J


One possible cause of depression is thought to involve one or more neurotransmitters.
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Serotonin and norepinephrine have been found to be important in the regulation of de pre
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ssion. There is no research to support that the other options play a significant role i n the d
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evelopment of depression. J J


2. A patient has experienced a stroke (cerebral vascular accident) that has resulted in da
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mage to the Broca area. Which evaluation does the nurse conduct to reinforce this diagn
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osis?
a. Observing the patient pick up a spoon J J J J J J



b. Asking the patient to recite the alphabet J J J J J J



c. Monitoring the patients blood pressure J J J J



d. Comparing the patients grip strength in both hands A J J J J J J J J


NS: B J


Accidents or strokes that damage Brocas area may result in the inability to speak (i.e.,
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motor aphasia). Fine motor skills, blood pressure control, and muscle strength are not controlled
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by the Broca area of the left frontal lobe.
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3. The patient diagnosed with schizophrenia asks why psychotropic medications are al
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ways prescribed by the doctor. The nurses answer will be based on information that the t
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herapeutic action of psychotropic drugs is the result of their effect on:
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a. The temporal lobe; especially Wernickes area J J J J J



b. Dendrites and their ability to transmit electrical impulses J J J J J J J



c. The regulation of neurotransmitters especially dopamine
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d. The peripheral nervous system sensitivity to the psychotropic medications
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,Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
dr dr dr dr dr dr drJ



Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide dr dr dr dr




ANS: C J


Medications used to treat psychiatric disorders operate in and around the synaptic cleft an
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d have action at the neurotransmitter level, especially in the case of schizophrenia, o n dop
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amine. The Wernickes area, dendrite function, or the sensitivity of the peripheral nervous
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system are not relevant to either schizophrenia or psychotropic medications.
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4. A student nurse mutters that it seems entirely unnecessary to have to struggle with un
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derstanding the anatomy and physiology of the neurologic system. The mentor w ould
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base a response on the understanding that it is:
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Necessary but generally for psychiatric nurses who focus primarily on J J J J J J J J dr dr


a. behavioral interventions J



A complex undertaking that advance practice psychiatric nurses frequently use in t
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b. heir practice J



Important primarily for the nursing assessment of patients with brain traumacaus
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c. ed cognitive symptoms
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Necessary for planning psychiatric care for all patients especially those experien
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d. cing psychiatric disorders J J


ANS: D J


Nurses must understand that many symptoms of psychiatric disorders have a neurolo gi
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c basis, although the symptoms are manifested behaviorally. This understanding fa cilit
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ates effective care planning. The foundation of knowledge is not used exclusively by ad
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vanced practice psychiatric nurses nor is it relevant for only behavior therapies or brain t
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rauma since dealing with the results of normal and abnormal brain function is a responsi
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bility of all nurses providing all types of care to the psychiatric patient.
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5. A patient asks the nurse, My wife has breast cancer. Could it be caused by her chr
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onic depression? Which response is supported by research data?
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a. Too much stress has been proven to cause all kinds of cancer.
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b. There have been no research studies done on stress and disease yet.
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c. Stress does cause the release of factors that suppress the immune system.
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d. There appears to be little connection between stress and diseases of the body A
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NS: C J


Research indicates that stress causes a release of corticotropin-
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releasing factors that suppress the immune system. Studies indicate that psychiatric di so
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rders such as mood disorders are sometimes associated with decreased functioning o f the
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immune system.Research does not support a connection between many cancers a nd stres
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s. There is a significant amount of research about stress and the body. Researc h has show
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n that there are some connections between stress and physical disease.
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, Stahl's Essential Psychopharmacology Neuroscientific Basis and Practical
dr dr dr dr dr dr drJ



Applications 5th Edition Testbank/Study Guide dr dr dr dr




6. A patient who has a parietal lobe injury is being evaluated for psychiatric rehabilita tio
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n needs. Of the aspects of functioning listed, which will the nurse identifyas a focu s of nu
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J


rsing intervention? J


a. Expression of emotion J J



b. Detecting auditory stimuli J J



c. Receiving visual images J J



d. Processing associations J J


ANS: D J


The parietal lobe is responsible for associating and processing sensory information th
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at allows for functions such as following directions on a map, reading a clock, dressin g s
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elf, keeping appointments, and distinguishing right from left. Emotional expressio n is as
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sociated with frontal lobe function. Detecting auditory stimuli is a temporal lob e functio
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n. Receiving visual images is related to occipital lobe function.
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7. At admission, the nurse learns that some time ago the patient had an infarct in the rig
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ht cerebral cortex. During assessment, the nurse would expect to find that the pat ient:
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a. Demonstrates major deficiencies in speech J J J J



b. Is unable to effectively hold a spoon in the left hand
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c. Has difficulty explaining how to go about using the telephone J J J J dr J J J J



d. Cannot use his right hand to shave himself or comb his own hair A J J J J J dr J J J J J J J


NS: B J


The cerebral hemispheres are responsible for functions such as control of muscles. Th
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e right hemisphere mainly controls the motor and sensory functions on the left sideof the
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body. Damage to the right side would result in impaired function on the left side o f the bo
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dy. The motor cortex controls voluntary motor activity. Brocas area controls motor spee
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ch. Cognitive functions are attributed to the association cortex.
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The right side of the bodys motor activity is controlled by the left cerebral cortex.
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8. A patient with chronic schizophrenia had a stroke involving the hippocampus. The p
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atient will be discharged on low doses of haloperidol. The nurse will need to indivi dual
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ize the patients medication teaching by:
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a. Including the patients caregiver in the education J J J J J J



b. Being careful to stress the importance of taking the medication as prescribed Pr
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oviding the education at a time when the patient is emotionally calm and
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c. relaxed
Encouraging the patient to crush or dissolve the medication to help with swallowin J J J J J J J J J J J drJ


d. g
ANS: A J




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