General Chemistry II (CHEM113) ACS
Final Exam With Accurate Answers
2026 Updated.
The two states that are collectively known as the condensed states are _______. - Answer
solid and liquid
The attractive forces that exist between all molecules and atoms, and are the forces that hold
many solids and liquids together - Answer intermolecular forces
Intermolecular forces are only significant at _____. - Answer short distances
The state of a sample of matter is determined by the magnitude of __________. - Answer the
intermolecular forces present
Gases have a ___ density, ___ shape, and ____ volume. These qualities are due to ____
intermolecular forces. - Answer low, indefinite, indefinite.
weak
Liquids have a ___ density, ___ shape, and ___ volume. These qualities are due to ___
intermolecular forces. - Answer high, indefinite, definite
moderate
Solids have a ___ density, ___ shape, and ___ volume. These qualities are due to ___
intermolecular forces. - Answer hihgh, definite, definite
strong
Solids can be ___ or ___. - Answer Crystalline or amorphous
Amorphous solids are composed of atoms or molecules that exhibit ___. - Answer no long
range order
Crystalline solids are composed of atoms or molecules that exhibit ___. - Answer definite
order in a three dimensional array
What two things can be changed in order to transform one state of matter to another? - Answer
Temperature and pressure
,In general, increases in pressure favor the ___ state. - Answer Denser
Intermolecular forces originate from - Answer the interactions between charges, partial
charges, and temporary charges on molecules (or atoms and ions)
_____ Law states that the potential energy (E) of two oppositely charged particles with charges
q₁ and q₂ decreases (becomes more negative) with increasing magnitude of charge and
decreasing distance between the two particles - Answer Coulomb's
Equation of Coulomb's Law is - Answer E = (1/4 πε)(q₁q₂/r)
Why are intermolecular forces much weaker than bonding forces? - Answer Bonding forces
are result of largue charges on protons and electrons interacting at very close distances, and
intermolecular forces are the result of smaller charges interacting at greater distances
What are the four main types on intermolecular forces? - Answer Dispersion, dipole-dipole,
H+ bonding, and ion-dipole
Dispersion forces are the result of ___. - Answer fluctuations in the electron distribution
within molecules or atoms which induces a temporary (or instantaneous) dipole
Dispersion forces are exhibited by ___ and increase with ___. - Answer atoms/molecules
increasing mass
The magnitude of dispersion forces depends on how easily the electrons can ___. - Answer
move or polarize in response to an instantaneous dipole
A larger atom exhibits greater dispersion forces because - Answer the electrons are held less
tightly by the nucleus and therefore polarize more easily
Dispersion forces are directly related to not only mass but ___. This is due to the molecules
ability to ___. - Answer shape
stack efficiently
Dipole-dipole forces exist in all ___. - Answer Polar molecules
, Dipole-dipole forces are due to the effects of a molecule's ___, which is due to ___. - Answer
permanent dipole
a molecule's partially positive and partial negative ends
Polarity of molecules determines their miscibility of liquids. What is miscibility? - Answer the
ability to mix wihtout separating into two states
In general polar liquids are miscible with ____, but are not miscible with ____. - Answer polar
nonpolar
Hydrogen bonding exists in all ___. - Answer molecules containing a hydrogen atom directly
bonded to a nitrogen, oxygen, or flourine
Hydrogen bonding is due to - Answer the large electronegativity differences between the H+
and -F, -O, -N
A typical hydrogen "bond", despite it being the strongest intermolecular force, is only about
____ as strong as a covalent chemical bond. - Answer 2-5%
Ion-dipole forces occur when - Answer an ionic compound is mixed with a polar compound
Ion-dipole are even stronger than ___ and are responsible for ___. - Answer H+ bonding
ability of ionic substances to form solutions with water
What are the three important manifestations in liquids that are due to intermolecular forces? -
Answer Surface tension
Viscosity
Capillary action
Surface tension is - Answer the tendency for liquids to minimize their surface area
Surface tension by definition is the - Answer energy required to increase the surface area by
a unit amount
As intermolecular forces decrease, surface tension ___. - Answer decreases
Viscosity is - Answer the resistance of a liquid to flow.
Final Exam With Accurate Answers
2026 Updated.
The two states that are collectively known as the condensed states are _______. - Answer
solid and liquid
The attractive forces that exist between all molecules and atoms, and are the forces that hold
many solids and liquids together - Answer intermolecular forces
Intermolecular forces are only significant at _____. - Answer short distances
The state of a sample of matter is determined by the magnitude of __________. - Answer the
intermolecular forces present
Gases have a ___ density, ___ shape, and ____ volume. These qualities are due to ____
intermolecular forces. - Answer low, indefinite, indefinite.
weak
Liquids have a ___ density, ___ shape, and ___ volume. These qualities are due to ___
intermolecular forces. - Answer high, indefinite, definite
moderate
Solids have a ___ density, ___ shape, and ___ volume. These qualities are due to ___
intermolecular forces. - Answer hihgh, definite, definite
strong
Solids can be ___ or ___. - Answer Crystalline or amorphous
Amorphous solids are composed of atoms or molecules that exhibit ___. - Answer no long
range order
Crystalline solids are composed of atoms or molecules that exhibit ___. - Answer definite
order in a three dimensional array
What two things can be changed in order to transform one state of matter to another? - Answer
Temperature and pressure
,In general, increases in pressure favor the ___ state. - Answer Denser
Intermolecular forces originate from - Answer the interactions between charges, partial
charges, and temporary charges on molecules (or atoms and ions)
_____ Law states that the potential energy (E) of two oppositely charged particles with charges
q₁ and q₂ decreases (becomes more negative) with increasing magnitude of charge and
decreasing distance between the two particles - Answer Coulomb's
Equation of Coulomb's Law is - Answer E = (1/4 πε)(q₁q₂/r)
Why are intermolecular forces much weaker than bonding forces? - Answer Bonding forces
are result of largue charges on protons and electrons interacting at very close distances, and
intermolecular forces are the result of smaller charges interacting at greater distances
What are the four main types on intermolecular forces? - Answer Dispersion, dipole-dipole,
H+ bonding, and ion-dipole
Dispersion forces are the result of ___. - Answer fluctuations in the electron distribution
within molecules or atoms which induces a temporary (or instantaneous) dipole
Dispersion forces are exhibited by ___ and increase with ___. - Answer atoms/molecules
increasing mass
The magnitude of dispersion forces depends on how easily the electrons can ___. - Answer
move or polarize in response to an instantaneous dipole
A larger atom exhibits greater dispersion forces because - Answer the electrons are held less
tightly by the nucleus and therefore polarize more easily
Dispersion forces are directly related to not only mass but ___. This is due to the molecules
ability to ___. - Answer shape
stack efficiently
Dipole-dipole forces exist in all ___. - Answer Polar molecules
, Dipole-dipole forces are due to the effects of a molecule's ___, which is due to ___. - Answer
permanent dipole
a molecule's partially positive and partial negative ends
Polarity of molecules determines their miscibility of liquids. What is miscibility? - Answer the
ability to mix wihtout separating into two states
In general polar liquids are miscible with ____, but are not miscible with ____. - Answer polar
nonpolar
Hydrogen bonding exists in all ___. - Answer molecules containing a hydrogen atom directly
bonded to a nitrogen, oxygen, or flourine
Hydrogen bonding is due to - Answer the large electronegativity differences between the H+
and -F, -O, -N
A typical hydrogen "bond", despite it being the strongest intermolecular force, is only about
____ as strong as a covalent chemical bond. - Answer 2-5%
Ion-dipole forces occur when - Answer an ionic compound is mixed with a polar compound
Ion-dipole are even stronger than ___ and are responsible for ___. - Answer H+ bonding
ability of ionic substances to form solutions with water
What are the three important manifestations in liquids that are due to intermolecular forces? -
Answer Surface tension
Viscosity
Capillary action
Surface tension is - Answer the tendency for liquids to minimize their surface area
Surface tension by definition is the - Answer energy required to increase the surface area by
a unit amount
As intermolecular forces decrease, surface tension ___. - Answer decreases
Viscosity is - Answer the resistance of a liquid to flow.
