NSG 330 STUDY 2026 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Medications and bowel elimination - ✔✔Aspirin/ anticoagulants: bleeding (black
stool)
Iron/salts (black stool)
Antacids (white speckling in stool)
Antibiotics (gray or greenish stool)
✔✔Colostomy care - ✔✔keep odors at a minimum
-dietary; eating parsley or yogurt
-aspirin in colostomy bag (neutralize odor)
inspect stoma
-piece of colon that comes out of abdomen
make sure it is clean, dry, and not infected
-bad: small and reddened or sticking out too far
✔✔urinary system - ✔✔kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
,✔✔A WETBED (function of kidneys and Urinary system) - ✔✔acid-base balance
(produce bicarb)
water removal
(urine)
Erythropoiesis
(needed for production of red blood cells)
Toxin removal
Blood pressure control
(renin-angiotensin cycle)
electrolyte balance
Vitamin D activation
(needed for calcium)
✔✔anuria - ✔✔kidney shutdown and failure
✔✔dysuria - ✔✔painful or difficult urination
✔✔Children do not have urinary control until... - ✔✔age 2-3
✔✔urinary incontinence - ✔✔more common in females due to loss of muscle tone in
perineal
transient
mixed
overflow
functional
stress
reflex
total
✔✔transient (UI) - ✔✔appears suddenly and lasts 6 months or less
✔✔mixed (UI) - ✔✔2 or more types of incontinence
✔✔overflow (UI) - ✔✔overflow of the bladder
✔✔Functional (UI) - ✔✔caused by factors outside the urinary tract
(pressure on abdomen)
, ✔✔stress (UI) - ✔✔increase abdominal pressure when sneezing or coughing
✔✔reflex (UI) - ✔✔emptying w/o sensation of need to void
✔✔total (UI) - ✔✔continuous unpredictable loss of urine
✔✔Sleep - ✔✔characterized by an altered consciousness
-rest is not
✔✔Sleep helps us... - ✔✔improve our learning
improve our adaptation with the environment
reduces stress and anxiety
interrelated with overall state of health and illness
bone marrow replenishes
✔✔lack of sleep - ✔✔decrease in bone marrow replenishment
can result in low WBC count
result in susceptibility to infection
✔✔circadian rhythm - ✔✔biorhythms regulated by the reticular activating system in the
hypothalamus
affects overall functioning during the night and day
✔✔chemicals that induce sleep - ✔✔acetylcholine
catecholamines
serotonin
histamine
prostaglandins
sometimes tryptophan (turkey)
✔✔stages of sleep (4) - ✔✔non-rem sleep (NREM)
- slow wave sleep
-presence of beta waves
- parasympathetic innervation
-accumulation of acetylcholine
-muscles relax
ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Medications and bowel elimination - ✔✔Aspirin/ anticoagulants: bleeding (black
stool)
Iron/salts (black stool)
Antacids (white speckling in stool)
Antibiotics (gray or greenish stool)
✔✔Colostomy care - ✔✔keep odors at a minimum
-dietary; eating parsley or yogurt
-aspirin in colostomy bag (neutralize odor)
inspect stoma
-piece of colon that comes out of abdomen
make sure it is clean, dry, and not infected
-bad: small and reddened or sticking out too far
✔✔urinary system - ✔✔kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
,✔✔A WETBED (function of kidneys and Urinary system) - ✔✔acid-base balance
(produce bicarb)
water removal
(urine)
Erythropoiesis
(needed for production of red blood cells)
Toxin removal
Blood pressure control
(renin-angiotensin cycle)
electrolyte balance
Vitamin D activation
(needed for calcium)
✔✔anuria - ✔✔kidney shutdown and failure
✔✔dysuria - ✔✔painful or difficult urination
✔✔Children do not have urinary control until... - ✔✔age 2-3
✔✔urinary incontinence - ✔✔more common in females due to loss of muscle tone in
perineal
transient
mixed
overflow
functional
stress
reflex
total
✔✔transient (UI) - ✔✔appears suddenly and lasts 6 months or less
✔✔mixed (UI) - ✔✔2 or more types of incontinence
✔✔overflow (UI) - ✔✔overflow of the bladder
✔✔Functional (UI) - ✔✔caused by factors outside the urinary tract
(pressure on abdomen)
, ✔✔stress (UI) - ✔✔increase abdominal pressure when sneezing or coughing
✔✔reflex (UI) - ✔✔emptying w/o sensation of need to void
✔✔total (UI) - ✔✔continuous unpredictable loss of urine
✔✔Sleep - ✔✔characterized by an altered consciousness
-rest is not
✔✔Sleep helps us... - ✔✔improve our learning
improve our adaptation with the environment
reduces stress and anxiety
interrelated with overall state of health and illness
bone marrow replenishes
✔✔lack of sleep - ✔✔decrease in bone marrow replenishment
can result in low WBC count
result in susceptibility to infection
✔✔circadian rhythm - ✔✔biorhythms regulated by the reticular activating system in the
hypothalamus
affects overall functioning during the night and day
✔✔chemicals that induce sleep - ✔✔acetylcholine
catecholamines
serotonin
histamine
prostaglandins
sometimes tryptophan (turkey)
✔✔stages of sleep (4) - ✔✔non-rem sleep (NREM)
- slow wave sleep
-presence of beta waves
- parasympathetic innervation
-accumulation of acetylcholine
-muscles relax
