BIOD 121 Portage Learning Exam 4 Questions & Answers
2026 | High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. In a situation where there is an insufficient intake of dietary iodide, the
thyroid-stimulating hormone promotes the enlargement of the thyroid gland.
This condition is called
goiter.
Wilson's disease.
Graves' disease.
hyperparathyroidism.
2. The most easily absorbed form of iron is found in
tomatoes cooked in an iron skillet.
collard greens cooked with bacon.
a grilled pork chop.
spinach salad with strawberries.
3. Describe the relationship between iodide deficiency and thyroid gland
enlargement.
Goiter is caused by excess iodide intake, not deficiency.
Iodide deficiency can lead to goiter, as the thyroid gland enlarges
in an attempt to capture more iodide for hormone production.
Iodide is not related to thyroid function; therefore, deficiency does
not affect the gland.
Iodide deficiency causes the thyroid to shrink and produce less
hormone.
,4. Describe how zinc deficiency can lead to hyposmia and its implications for
health.
Zinc deficiency can impair the function of taste and smell receptors,
leading to hyposmia, which can affect appetite and nutrition.
Zinc deficiency causes a direct loss of vision, impacting overall health.
Zinc deficiency leads to increased energy levels and improved mood.
Zinc deficiency has no significant impact on sensory functions.
5. The major condition caused by iron deficiency is:
hemophilia
stroke
thrombosis
anemia
6. Describe how iron deficiency can affect overall health and what symptoms
may arise.
Iron deficiency leads to beriberi, affecting the nervous system.
Iron deficiency causes scurvy, leading to bleeding gums and joint
pain.
Iron deficiency can lead to anemia, resulting in fatigue, weakness,
and impaired cognitive function.
Iron deficiency results in rickets, causing bone deformities.
7. What term means that a vitamin has been added to a food product?
fortified
strengthened
, improved
shielded
8. What is glossitis?
enlarged, red, and shiny tongue with the loss of papillae
burning sensation of the tongue
inflammation in corners of the mouth
9. Glossitis can be a symptom of which of the following?
Rx medications
All the answers are correct
Infections (bacteria, fungal, & viruses)
Stress, allergy
Nutrient deficiency
10. If a patient is advised to take both calcium and iron supplements, what
recommendation should be made regarding the timing of these
supplements to optimize nutrient absorption?
Take them together for maximum effect.
Take calcium before iron.
Take iron before calcium.
Take them at different times.
11. Describe how a deficiency in certain vitamins can lead to skin conditions
such as roughness.
Only hydration affects skin texture, not vitamins.
, Vitamin deficiencies have no effect on skin health.
Rough skin is solely caused by environmental factors.
A deficiency in vitamins like A and C can impair skin health, leading
to conditions such as rough skin due to their roles in skin repair and
maintenance.
12. What is the chemical name for Vitamin D2?
Ergocalciferol
Retinol
Cholecalciferol
Thiamine
13. What mineral is decreased in the DASH diet?
sodium
phosphorus
chloride
potassium
14. Which two ions are primarily responsible for regulating extracellular water
volume?
Sodium and chloride
Iron and zinc
Magnesium and phosphate
Potassium and calcium
2026 | High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. In a situation where there is an insufficient intake of dietary iodide, the
thyroid-stimulating hormone promotes the enlargement of the thyroid gland.
This condition is called
goiter.
Wilson's disease.
Graves' disease.
hyperparathyroidism.
2. The most easily absorbed form of iron is found in
tomatoes cooked in an iron skillet.
collard greens cooked with bacon.
a grilled pork chop.
spinach salad with strawberries.
3. Describe the relationship between iodide deficiency and thyroid gland
enlargement.
Goiter is caused by excess iodide intake, not deficiency.
Iodide deficiency can lead to goiter, as the thyroid gland enlarges
in an attempt to capture more iodide for hormone production.
Iodide is not related to thyroid function; therefore, deficiency does
not affect the gland.
Iodide deficiency causes the thyroid to shrink and produce less
hormone.
,4. Describe how zinc deficiency can lead to hyposmia and its implications for
health.
Zinc deficiency can impair the function of taste and smell receptors,
leading to hyposmia, which can affect appetite and nutrition.
Zinc deficiency causes a direct loss of vision, impacting overall health.
Zinc deficiency leads to increased energy levels and improved mood.
Zinc deficiency has no significant impact on sensory functions.
5. The major condition caused by iron deficiency is:
hemophilia
stroke
thrombosis
anemia
6. Describe how iron deficiency can affect overall health and what symptoms
may arise.
Iron deficiency leads to beriberi, affecting the nervous system.
Iron deficiency causes scurvy, leading to bleeding gums and joint
pain.
Iron deficiency can lead to anemia, resulting in fatigue, weakness,
and impaired cognitive function.
Iron deficiency results in rickets, causing bone deformities.
7. What term means that a vitamin has been added to a food product?
fortified
strengthened
, improved
shielded
8. What is glossitis?
enlarged, red, and shiny tongue with the loss of papillae
burning sensation of the tongue
inflammation in corners of the mouth
9. Glossitis can be a symptom of which of the following?
Rx medications
All the answers are correct
Infections (bacteria, fungal, & viruses)
Stress, allergy
Nutrient deficiency
10. If a patient is advised to take both calcium and iron supplements, what
recommendation should be made regarding the timing of these
supplements to optimize nutrient absorption?
Take them together for maximum effect.
Take calcium before iron.
Take iron before calcium.
Take them at different times.
11. Describe how a deficiency in certain vitamins can lead to skin conditions
such as roughness.
Only hydration affects skin texture, not vitamins.
, Vitamin deficiencies have no effect on skin health.
Rough skin is solely caused by environmental factors.
A deficiency in vitamins like A and C can impair skin health, leading
to conditions such as rough skin due to their roles in skin repair and
maintenance.
12. What is the chemical name for Vitamin D2?
Ergocalciferol
Retinol
Cholecalciferol
Thiamine
13. What mineral is decreased in the DASH diet?
sodium
phosphorus
chloride
potassium
14. Which two ions are primarily responsible for regulating extracellular water
volume?
Sodium and chloride
Iron and zinc
Magnesium and phosphate
Potassium and calcium
