BIOL 2401 CORE MAIN EXAMINATION SET
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔membranous epithelium - ✔✔- exists on the free surface of various organs, including
the skin where it forms the epidermis
- also covers the outside of visceral organs such as the stomach and intestines, and
lines their internal cavities
- are multicellular
✔✔how does membranous epithelium function? - ✔✔in protection, absorption, filtration
and secretion
✔✔what are the characteristics of membranous epithelium? - ✔✔tightly packed cells,
cells are arranged in layers, avascular, nerve supply, polarity, basement membrane,
some house receptors
✔✔stratum - ✔✔each layer of cells
✔✔innervated - ✔✔what we call tissues that contain fibers from the nervous system
✔✔apical surface - ✔✔outermost layer of cells in contact with the "free" surface
✔✔apical cells - ✔✔cells in the apical surface region
, ✔✔basal surface - ✔✔deepest layer of cells
✔✔basal cells - ✔✔cells in the basal surface region
✔✔polarity - ✔✔anatomical and physiological differences between their cells located at
the free surface and their cells in contact with the underlying connective tissues
✔✔basement membrane - ✔✔a thin layer of glycoproteins and collagen fibers
✔✔basal lamina - ✔✔the glycoprotein component of the basement membrane that is
secreted from the basal cells of the epithelium
✔✔reticular lamina - ✔✔the collagen protein component of the basement membrane
that is secreted from connective tissue cells lying beneath the epithelium; collagen
fibers in this region intertwine to form a net-like pattern
✔✔receptors - ✔✔allow the body to detect changes in the internal and external
environment
✔✔how is membranous epithelium classified? - ✔✔by cell shape, cell arrangement and
location
✔✔squamous - ✔✔cells are flat and resemble scales on a fish (ex. outer part of your
skin)
✔✔cuboidal - ✔✔cells are cube shaped (ex. lining of tiny tubes in the kidneys)
✔✔columnar - ✔✔cells are column-shaped; they are taller than they are wide (ex.
various glands of the body)
✔✔transitional - ✔✔cells can change shape from cuboidal to squamous and back to
cuboidal, depending on the amount of compression exerted on the cells (ex. line the
inside of the urinary bladder)
✔✔simple - ✔✔has only one layer of cells
✔✔stratified - ✔✔has two or more layers of cells
✔✔pseudostratified - ✔✔is actually a simple epithelium but it looks stratified
✔✔endothelium - ✔✔simple squamous epithelium that lines the inside of blood vessels
and lymph vessels
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔membranous epithelium - ✔✔- exists on the free surface of various organs, including
the skin where it forms the epidermis
- also covers the outside of visceral organs such as the stomach and intestines, and
lines their internal cavities
- are multicellular
✔✔how does membranous epithelium function? - ✔✔in protection, absorption, filtration
and secretion
✔✔what are the characteristics of membranous epithelium? - ✔✔tightly packed cells,
cells are arranged in layers, avascular, nerve supply, polarity, basement membrane,
some house receptors
✔✔stratum - ✔✔each layer of cells
✔✔innervated - ✔✔what we call tissues that contain fibers from the nervous system
✔✔apical surface - ✔✔outermost layer of cells in contact with the "free" surface
✔✔apical cells - ✔✔cells in the apical surface region
, ✔✔basal surface - ✔✔deepest layer of cells
✔✔basal cells - ✔✔cells in the basal surface region
✔✔polarity - ✔✔anatomical and physiological differences between their cells located at
the free surface and their cells in contact with the underlying connective tissues
✔✔basement membrane - ✔✔a thin layer of glycoproteins and collagen fibers
✔✔basal lamina - ✔✔the glycoprotein component of the basement membrane that is
secreted from the basal cells of the epithelium
✔✔reticular lamina - ✔✔the collagen protein component of the basement membrane
that is secreted from connective tissue cells lying beneath the epithelium; collagen
fibers in this region intertwine to form a net-like pattern
✔✔receptors - ✔✔allow the body to detect changes in the internal and external
environment
✔✔how is membranous epithelium classified? - ✔✔by cell shape, cell arrangement and
location
✔✔squamous - ✔✔cells are flat and resemble scales on a fish (ex. outer part of your
skin)
✔✔cuboidal - ✔✔cells are cube shaped (ex. lining of tiny tubes in the kidneys)
✔✔columnar - ✔✔cells are column-shaped; they are taller than they are wide (ex.
various glands of the body)
✔✔transitional - ✔✔cells can change shape from cuboidal to squamous and back to
cuboidal, depending on the amount of compression exerted on the cells (ex. line the
inside of the urinary bladder)
✔✔simple - ✔✔has only one layer of cells
✔✔stratified - ✔✔has two or more layers of cells
✔✔pseudostratified - ✔✔is actually a simple epithelium but it looks stratified
✔✔endothelium - ✔✔simple squamous epithelium that lines the inside of blood vessels
and lymph vessels
