EDAPT INTRACRANIAL REGULATION ACTUAL FINAL
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Pentobarbital is a short-acting __________ now used for preoperative anxiety and
to produce __________, to treat symptoms of withdrawal from other barbiturates and
nonbarbiturates, to control status epilepticus, and to __________ hyperbilirubinemia in
neonates.
Phenobarbital is a long-acting __________ used to __________ generalized tonic-
clonic seizures and fever-induced convulsions, as well as the __________ of
hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. It is no longer used as a sedative or hypnotic. -
✔✔Barbiturate
Sedative effects
Prevent
Barbiturate
Prevent
Treatment
✔✔Which statements are correct regarding sedative-hypnotics? Select all that apply. -
✔✔Prolonged use of sedative-hypnotics can cause rapid eye movement (REM)
interference resulting in daytime fatigue.
,Sedative-hypnotics can be ultrashort-, short-, intermediate-, or long-acting.
Discontinuation of a sedative-hypnotic can cause REM rebound resulting in too much
REM sleep and frequent, vivid dreams.
✔✔Which are currently the more frequently prescribed sedative-hypnotic drugs? -
✔✔Nonbenzodiazepines
✔✔Which statements are true regarding central nervous system (CNS) depressants?
Select all that apply. - ✔✔There are significant drug-to-drug interactions with
benzodiazepines, especially with other CNS depressants.
Barbiturates carry a high risk for dependency.
Alcohol should not be used with CNS depressants because the combination multiplies
the CNS depressive effects.
There is a black box warning regarding the combination of all opioids with all
benzodiazepines.
✔✔Which statements are true regarding barbiturates? Select all that apply. -
✔✔Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs; antidepressants) result in a longer duration
of action of barbiturates.
Barbiturates are a type of sedative-hypnotic.
An overdose of barbiturates typically leads to respiratory arrest, coma, and death.
✔✔Which statement is true regarding sedative-hypnotics? - ✔✔Sedative-hypnotics at
high doses calm the CNS and cause sleep.
✔✔Match each barbiturate drug to its common use. - ✔✔Methohexital and Thiopental -
Induction of anesthesia
Pentobarbital and Secobarbital - Prevents hyperbilirubinemia in neonates
Butabarbital - Sedation
Phenobarbital and Mephobarbital - Prevention of seizures
✔✔Match the sedative-hypnotic central nervous system (CNS) depressant medication
to its subclass. - ✔✔Alprazolam, lorazepam, temazepam - Intermediate-acting
benzodiazepines
Clonazepam, diazepam, flurazepam - Long-acting benzodiazepines
, Pentobarbital, secobarbital - Short-acting barbiturates
Phenobarbital, mephobarbital - Long-acting barbiturates
Midazolam - Benzodiazepine most commonly used for preoperative anxiety and
moderate sedation
Flumazenil - Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor antagonist that is the antidote
to benzodiazepines
Zolpidem - Non-benzodiazepine, a short-acting hypnotic with a relatively low incidence
of daytime sleepiness
Diazepam - Long-acting benzodiazepine can be used to treat status epilepticus
✔✔Which medication is an intermediate-acting benzodiazepine used for its anxiolytic
effects? - ✔✔Alprazolam
✔✔Why are benzodiazepines contraindicated in pregnancy and for lactating mothers?
Select all that apply. - ✔✔Benzodiazepines cause central nervous system (CNS)
depression.
Benzodiazepines cross into breast milk.
Benzodiazepines may cause sedation and respiratory issues in newborns.
Benzodiazepines may cause teratogenic effects.
✔✔Benzodiazepines are most often used for which effect? - ✔✔Anxiolytic
✔✔Which statement is true about intermediate-acting benzodiazepines? -
✔✔Intermediate-acting benzodiazepines have a typical onset of 1-2 hours.
✔✔Benzodiazepines are contraindicated in pregnancy because they __________. This
can subsequently lead to __________ in the neonate. - ✔✔Cause central nervous
system (CNS) depression
Respiratory issues
✔✔What are indications for the use of alprazolam? Select all that apply. - ✔✔Adjunct in
the treatment of acute mania and acute psychosis.
Anxiety associated with depression
Panic disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Pentobarbital is a short-acting __________ now used for preoperative anxiety and
to produce __________, to treat symptoms of withdrawal from other barbiturates and
nonbarbiturates, to control status epilepticus, and to __________ hyperbilirubinemia in
neonates.
Phenobarbital is a long-acting __________ used to __________ generalized tonic-
clonic seizures and fever-induced convulsions, as well as the __________ of
hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. It is no longer used as a sedative or hypnotic. -
✔✔Barbiturate
Sedative effects
Prevent
Barbiturate
Prevent
Treatment
✔✔Which statements are correct regarding sedative-hypnotics? Select all that apply. -
✔✔Prolonged use of sedative-hypnotics can cause rapid eye movement (REM)
interference resulting in daytime fatigue.
,Sedative-hypnotics can be ultrashort-, short-, intermediate-, or long-acting.
Discontinuation of a sedative-hypnotic can cause REM rebound resulting in too much
REM sleep and frequent, vivid dreams.
✔✔Which are currently the more frequently prescribed sedative-hypnotic drugs? -
✔✔Nonbenzodiazepines
✔✔Which statements are true regarding central nervous system (CNS) depressants?
Select all that apply. - ✔✔There are significant drug-to-drug interactions with
benzodiazepines, especially with other CNS depressants.
Barbiturates carry a high risk for dependency.
Alcohol should not be used with CNS depressants because the combination multiplies
the CNS depressive effects.
There is a black box warning regarding the combination of all opioids with all
benzodiazepines.
✔✔Which statements are true regarding barbiturates? Select all that apply. -
✔✔Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs; antidepressants) result in a longer duration
of action of barbiturates.
Barbiturates are a type of sedative-hypnotic.
An overdose of barbiturates typically leads to respiratory arrest, coma, and death.
✔✔Which statement is true regarding sedative-hypnotics? - ✔✔Sedative-hypnotics at
high doses calm the CNS and cause sleep.
✔✔Match each barbiturate drug to its common use. - ✔✔Methohexital and Thiopental -
Induction of anesthesia
Pentobarbital and Secobarbital - Prevents hyperbilirubinemia in neonates
Butabarbital - Sedation
Phenobarbital and Mephobarbital - Prevention of seizures
✔✔Match the sedative-hypnotic central nervous system (CNS) depressant medication
to its subclass. - ✔✔Alprazolam, lorazepam, temazepam - Intermediate-acting
benzodiazepines
Clonazepam, diazepam, flurazepam - Long-acting benzodiazepines
, Pentobarbital, secobarbital - Short-acting barbiturates
Phenobarbital, mephobarbital - Long-acting barbiturates
Midazolam - Benzodiazepine most commonly used for preoperative anxiety and
moderate sedation
Flumazenil - Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor antagonist that is the antidote
to benzodiazepines
Zolpidem - Non-benzodiazepine, a short-acting hypnotic with a relatively low incidence
of daytime sleepiness
Diazepam - Long-acting benzodiazepine can be used to treat status epilepticus
✔✔Which medication is an intermediate-acting benzodiazepine used for its anxiolytic
effects? - ✔✔Alprazolam
✔✔Why are benzodiazepines contraindicated in pregnancy and for lactating mothers?
Select all that apply. - ✔✔Benzodiazepines cause central nervous system (CNS)
depression.
Benzodiazepines cross into breast milk.
Benzodiazepines may cause sedation and respiratory issues in newborns.
Benzodiazepines may cause teratogenic effects.
✔✔Benzodiazepines are most often used for which effect? - ✔✔Anxiolytic
✔✔Which statement is true about intermediate-acting benzodiazepines? -
✔✔Intermediate-acting benzodiazepines have a typical onset of 1-2 hours.
✔✔Benzodiazepines are contraindicated in pregnancy because they __________. This
can subsequently lead to __________ in the neonate. - ✔✔Cause central nervous
system (CNS) depression
Respiratory issues
✔✔What are indications for the use of alprazolam? Select all that apply. - ✔✔Adjunct in
the treatment of acute mania and acute psychosis.
Anxiety associated with depression
Panic disorder
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
