NSG 548 Exam 4 V1 | NSG 548 FNP Role:
Children & Families | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NSG548 Exam 4) | Wilkes
University
1. A 4-year-old child is brought to the clinic for a well-child visit. According to Erikson’s stages
of psychosocial development, which stage is the child currently in?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Industry vs. Inferiority
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Trust vs. Mistrust
Answer: C
Rationale: Children aged 3 to 5 years are in the Initiative vs. Guilt stage, where they begin
to assert power and control over the world through directing play and other social
interactions. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose, while failure results in a
sense of guilt. The FNP must encourage exploration to support healthy development during
this period.
2. An 8-year-old male presents with a sudden onset of high fever, sore throat, and
‘strawberry tongue.’ On physical examination, a sandpaper-like rash is noted. What is the
most likely diagnosis?
A. Measles (Rubeola)
,B. Fifth Disease (Erythema Infectiosum)
C. Scarlet Fever
D. Roseola Infantum
Answer: C
Rationale: Scarlet fever is caused by Group A Streptococcus and is characterized by a sore
throat, fever, and a distinct sandpaper-textured rash. The ‘strawberry tongue’ is a classic
clinical finding associated with this bacterial infection. Prompt treatment with antibiotics is
necessary to prevent complications such as rheumatic fever.
3. When assessing a 14-year-old female for pubertal development, the FNP notes the
appearance of breast buds and sparse, long, pigmented pubic hair along the labia. Which
Tanner Stage does this represent?
A. Tanner Stage II
B. Tanner Stage I
C. Tanner Stage III
D. Tanner Stage IV
Answer: A
Rationale: Tanner Stage II in females is characterized by thelarche (breast budding) and
the first appearance of pubic hair. This stage marks the clinical onset of puberty and
, typically occurs between ages 8 and 13. Understanding these milestones allows the FNP to
provide appropriate anticipatory guidance regarding physical changes.
4. Which of the following is a primary clinical feature of Pyloric Stenosis in an infant?
A. Currant jelly stools
B. Ribbon-like stools
C. Projectile, non-bilious vomiting
D. Bile-stained emesis
Answer: C
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis typically presents in infants between 3 and 6 weeks of age with
forceful, projectile, non-bilious vomiting immediately after feeding. An olive-shaped mass
may be palpable in the epigastrium upon physical examination. This condition requires
surgical intervention known as a pyloromyotomy to relieve the gastric outlet obstruction.
5. A 2-year-old child presents with a ‘barking’ cough and inspiratory stridor that worsens at
night. The FNP suspects Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis). What is the primary management
for a mild case?
A. Immediate intubation
B. Intravenous antibiotics
C. Supportive care and cool mist
D. High-dose oral corticosteroids
Children & Families | Actual Q&A with
Rationale (NSG548 Exam 4) | Wilkes
University
1. A 4-year-old child is brought to the clinic for a well-child visit. According to Erikson’s stages
of psychosocial development, which stage is the child currently in?
A. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
B. Industry vs. Inferiority
C. Initiative vs. Guilt
D. Trust vs. Mistrust
Answer: C
Rationale: Children aged 3 to 5 years are in the Initiative vs. Guilt stage, where they begin
to assert power and control over the world through directing play and other social
interactions. Success in this stage leads to a sense of purpose, while failure results in a
sense of guilt. The FNP must encourage exploration to support healthy development during
this period.
2. An 8-year-old male presents with a sudden onset of high fever, sore throat, and
‘strawberry tongue.’ On physical examination, a sandpaper-like rash is noted. What is the
most likely diagnosis?
A. Measles (Rubeola)
,B. Fifth Disease (Erythema Infectiosum)
C. Scarlet Fever
D. Roseola Infantum
Answer: C
Rationale: Scarlet fever is caused by Group A Streptococcus and is characterized by a sore
throat, fever, and a distinct sandpaper-textured rash. The ‘strawberry tongue’ is a classic
clinical finding associated with this bacterial infection. Prompt treatment with antibiotics is
necessary to prevent complications such as rheumatic fever.
3. When assessing a 14-year-old female for pubertal development, the FNP notes the
appearance of breast buds and sparse, long, pigmented pubic hair along the labia. Which
Tanner Stage does this represent?
A. Tanner Stage II
B. Tanner Stage I
C. Tanner Stage III
D. Tanner Stage IV
Answer: A
Rationale: Tanner Stage II in females is characterized by thelarche (breast budding) and
the first appearance of pubic hair. This stage marks the clinical onset of puberty and
, typically occurs between ages 8 and 13. Understanding these milestones allows the FNP to
provide appropriate anticipatory guidance regarding physical changes.
4. Which of the following is a primary clinical feature of Pyloric Stenosis in an infant?
A. Currant jelly stools
B. Ribbon-like stools
C. Projectile, non-bilious vomiting
D. Bile-stained emesis
Answer: C
Rationale: Pyloric stenosis typically presents in infants between 3 and 6 weeks of age with
forceful, projectile, non-bilious vomiting immediately after feeding. An olive-shaped mass
may be palpable in the epigastrium upon physical examination. This condition requires
surgical intervention known as a pyloromyotomy to relieve the gastric outlet obstruction.
5. A 2-year-old child presents with a ‘barking’ cough and inspiratory stridor that worsens at
night. The FNP suspects Croup (Laryngotracheobronchitis). What is the primary management
for a mild case?
A. Immediate intubation
B. Intravenous antibiotics
C. Supportive care and cool mist
D. High-dose oral corticosteroids
