PATHO 370 CORE MAIN EXAMS UPS QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Radioactive iodine treatment is the therapy of choice in patients with Graves
disease. The patient should be expected to
achieve full recovery after treatment
need short-term thyroid replacement therapy
need lifelong thyroid replacement therapy
receive lifelong iodine treatment - ✔✔need lifelong thyroid replacement therapy
✔✔Individuals with end-stage chronic renal disease are at risk for renal osteodystrophy
and spontaneous bone fractures, because
excess potassium leaches calcium from bone
erythropoietin secretion is impaired
urea causes demineralization of bone
they are deficient in active vitamin D - ✔✔they are deficient in active vitamin D
✔✔Treatment of a uterine prolapse may involve the insertion of a(n) ________ to hold
the uterus in place.
catheter
,IUD
pessary
endopelvic mesh implant - ✔✔pessary
✔✔The consequence of an upper urinary tract obstruction in a single ureter is
kidney stone formation
hydronephrosis
dilation of the urethra
anuria - ✔✔hydronephrosis
✔✔Paraneoplastic syndromes in cancer involve excessive production of substances by
multiple means. A common substance found in excessive amounts resulting from
cancer paraneoplastic syndromes is
insulin
tumor necrosis factor
potassium
calcium - ✔✔calcium
✔✔Hypotension, distended neck veins, and muffled heart sounds are classic
manifestations of
myocardial infarction
cardiac tamponade
congestive heart failure (CHF)
cardiomyopathy - ✔✔cardiac tamponade
✔✔Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space is called
an abscess
pleurisy
flail chest
pleural effusion - ✔✔pleural effusion
✔✔A deficiency of von Willebrand factor impairs
activation of the coagulation cascade
platelet aggregation
platelet adhesion to injured tissue
platelet production - ✔✔platelet adhesion to injured tissue
✔✔When exposed to inhaled allergens, a patient with asthma produces large quantities
of
,IgG
IgE
IgA
IgM - ✔✔IgE
✔✔Before making a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease
a brain biopsy demonstrating organic changes is necessary
biochemical tests for aluminum toxicity must be positive
other potential causes of dementia must be ruled out
increased protein is found in a lumbar puncture - ✔✔other potential causes of dementia
must be ruled out
✔✔The effect on the renal tubules during the postoliguric phase of acute tubular
necrosis involves
reconstruction of the basement membrane
blocking the tubule lumens by dead cells
making the glomeruli patent again
regeneration of the renal tubular epithelium - ✔✔regeneration of the renal tubular
epithelium
✔✔Airway obstruction in chronic bronchitis is because of
thick mucus, fibrosis, and smooth muscle hypertrophy
loss of alveolar elastin
pulmonary edema
hyperplasia and deformation of bronchial cartilage - ✔✔thick mucus, fibrosis, and
smooth muscle hypertrophy
✔✔A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet
demonstrating signs of this disease. This stage of illness is called the _____ stage.
prodromal
latent
sequela
convalescence - ✔✔latent
✔✔Patients who experience anemic episodes when exposed to certain drugs most
likely have
thalassemia
spherocytosis
sickle cell anemia
, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency - ✔✔glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase deficiency
✔✔To best prevent emphysema, a patient is instructed to stop smoking since cigarette
smoke
impairs α1-antitrypsin, allowing elastase to predominate
paralyzes the cilia, causing impaired mucociliary clearance
predisposes to respiratory infections
introduces carcinogens into the lungs - ✔✔impairs α1-antitrypsin, allowing elastase to
predominate
✔✔A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that
causes meningitis. This is an example of
primary prevention
secondary prevention
tertiary prevention
disease treatment - ✔✔primary prevention
✔✔Which finding is indicative of orthostatic hypotension in a person with a supine blood
pressure (BP) of 110/70 and a heart rate (HR) of 100?
Sitting BP 88/60, HR 118
Sitting BP 108/68, HR 102
Sitting BP 110/78, HR 98
Sitting BP 120/80, HR 100 - ✔✔Sitting BP 88/60, HR 118
✔✔How do clinical conditions that increase vascular permeability cause edema?
Through altering the negative charge on the capillary basement membrane, which
enables excessive fluid to accumulate in the interstitial compartment
By causing movement of fluid from the vascular compartment into the intracellular
compartment, which leads to cell swelling
Through leakage of vascular fluid into the interstitial fluid, which increases interstitial
fluid hydrostatic pressure
By allowing plasma proteins to leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws in excess fluid
by increasing the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure - ✔✔By allowing plasma proteins to
leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws in excess fluid by increasing the interstitial
fluid osmotic pressure
✔✔The finding of ketones in the blood suggests that a person may have
metabolic acidosis
metabolic alkalosis
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Radioactive iodine treatment is the therapy of choice in patients with Graves
disease. The patient should be expected to
achieve full recovery after treatment
need short-term thyroid replacement therapy
need lifelong thyroid replacement therapy
receive lifelong iodine treatment - ✔✔need lifelong thyroid replacement therapy
✔✔Individuals with end-stage chronic renal disease are at risk for renal osteodystrophy
and spontaneous bone fractures, because
excess potassium leaches calcium from bone
erythropoietin secretion is impaired
urea causes demineralization of bone
they are deficient in active vitamin D - ✔✔they are deficient in active vitamin D
✔✔Treatment of a uterine prolapse may involve the insertion of a(n) ________ to hold
the uterus in place.
catheter
,IUD
pessary
endopelvic mesh implant - ✔✔pessary
✔✔The consequence of an upper urinary tract obstruction in a single ureter is
kidney stone formation
hydronephrosis
dilation of the urethra
anuria - ✔✔hydronephrosis
✔✔Paraneoplastic syndromes in cancer involve excessive production of substances by
multiple means. A common substance found in excessive amounts resulting from
cancer paraneoplastic syndromes is
insulin
tumor necrosis factor
potassium
calcium - ✔✔calcium
✔✔Hypotension, distended neck veins, and muffled heart sounds are classic
manifestations of
myocardial infarction
cardiac tamponade
congestive heart failure (CHF)
cardiomyopathy - ✔✔cardiac tamponade
✔✔Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space is called
an abscess
pleurisy
flail chest
pleural effusion - ✔✔pleural effusion
✔✔A deficiency of von Willebrand factor impairs
activation of the coagulation cascade
platelet aggregation
platelet adhesion to injured tissue
platelet production - ✔✔platelet adhesion to injured tissue
✔✔When exposed to inhaled allergens, a patient with asthma produces large quantities
of
,IgG
IgE
IgA
IgM - ✔✔IgE
✔✔Before making a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease
a brain biopsy demonstrating organic changes is necessary
biochemical tests for aluminum toxicity must be positive
other potential causes of dementia must be ruled out
increased protein is found in a lumbar puncture - ✔✔other potential causes of dementia
must be ruled out
✔✔The effect on the renal tubules during the postoliguric phase of acute tubular
necrosis involves
reconstruction of the basement membrane
blocking the tubule lumens by dead cells
making the glomeruli patent again
regeneration of the renal tubular epithelium - ✔✔regeneration of the renal tubular
epithelium
✔✔Airway obstruction in chronic bronchitis is because of
thick mucus, fibrosis, and smooth muscle hypertrophy
loss of alveolar elastin
pulmonary edema
hyperplasia and deformation of bronchial cartilage - ✔✔thick mucus, fibrosis, and
smooth muscle hypertrophy
✔✔A patient has been exposed to meningococcal meningitis, but is not yet
demonstrating signs of this disease. This stage of illness is called the _____ stage.
prodromal
latent
sequela
convalescence - ✔✔latent
✔✔Patients who experience anemic episodes when exposed to certain drugs most
likely have
thalassemia
spherocytosis
sickle cell anemia
, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency - ✔✔glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase deficiency
✔✔To best prevent emphysema, a patient is instructed to stop smoking since cigarette
smoke
impairs α1-antitrypsin, allowing elastase to predominate
paralyzes the cilia, causing impaired mucociliary clearance
predisposes to respiratory infections
introduces carcinogens into the lungs - ✔✔impairs α1-antitrypsin, allowing elastase to
predominate
✔✔A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that
causes meningitis. This is an example of
primary prevention
secondary prevention
tertiary prevention
disease treatment - ✔✔primary prevention
✔✔Which finding is indicative of orthostatic hypotension in a person with a supine blood
pressure (BP) of 110/70 and a heart rate (HR) of 100?
Sitting BP 88/60, HR 118
Sitting BP 108/68, HR 102
Sitting BP 110/78, HR 98
Sitting BP 120/80, HR 100 - ✔✔Sitting BP 88/60, HR 118
✔✔How do clinical conditions that increase vascular permeability cause edema?
Through altering the negative charge on the capillary basement membrane, which
enables excessive fluid to accumulate in the interstitial compartment
By causing movement of fluid from the vascular compartment into the intracellular
compartment, which leads to cell swelling
Through leakage of vascular fluid into the interstitial fluid, which increases interstitial
fluid hydrostatic pressure
By allowing plasma proteins to leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws in excess fluid
by increasing the interstitial fluid osmotic pressure - ✔✔By allowing plasma proteins to
leak into the interstitial fluid, which draws in excess fluid by increasing the interstitial
fluid osmotic pressure
✔✔The finding of ketones in the blood suggests that a person may have
metabolic acidosis
metabolic alkalosis
