SBU BIO 315 EXAM 2 EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
Why is bacteria an ideal candidate for genetic research? - Correct Answers -Most
bacteria only contain one chromosome, so there is only one copy of each gene. If
something goes wrong with the gene in bacteria it is easy to see the mutation (can
observe it because it will show only one phenotype)
Streptomycin - Correct Answers -a genus of bacteria that gives us a lot of antibiotics
which we commercially use
Plasmid - Correct Answers -a circular dna molecule that replicates independently of
chromosomal dna. Genes on chromosomes are normally used for metabolic purposes
but on plasmids the genes present are used for survival like bacteria can use them for
evading the effects of antibiotics or break down toxic chemicals or sybiosis
Replicon - Correct Answers -bacterial plasmid or chromosome can replicate from a
single origin of replication
Genome - Correct Answers -all the genetic material which is present in the cell including
the plasmid dna (for humans its all the dna present in our nucleus plus the DNA present
in our mitochondria)
Pseudomonas - Correct Answers -bacteria that are very pathogenic but certain species
are used in cleaning industrial contaminates like toluene or other organic solvents
How to bacteria grow? - Correct Answers -They increase in number of cells or they
multiply
Phenotype - Correct Answers -physical appearances / observable traits
Auxuotrophs - Correct Answers -a mutant strain of microorganisms having nutritional
requirements additional to those of the normal organism
prototroph - Correct Answers -strains will grow on a simple defined medium that has
minimum requirements of growth (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus) and no additional
amino acids or vitamins are required
strains - Correct Answers -genetically different cells within a clone/colony
Plasmid: p Sym - Correct Answers -Trait: Nitrogen-fixing nodule formation on legume
plant roots
ANSWERS
Why is bacteria an ideal candidate for genetic research? - Correct Answers -Most
bacteria only contain one chromosome, so there is only one copy of each gene. If
something goes wrong with the gene in bacteria it is easy to see the mutation (can
observe it because it will show only one phenotype)
Streptomycin - Correct Answers -a genus of bacteria that gives us a lot of antibiotics
which we commercially use
Plasmid - Correct Answers -a circular dna molecule that replicates independently of
chromosomal dna. Genes on chromosomes are normally used for metabolic purposes
but on plasmids the genes present are used for survival like bacteria can use them for
evading the effects of antibiotics or break down toxic chemicals or sybiosis
Replicon - Correct Answers -bacterial plasmid or chromosome can replicate from a
single origin of replication
Genome - Correct Answers -all the genetic material which is present in the cell including
the plasmid dna (for humans its all the dna present in our nucleus plus the DNA present
in our mitochondria)
Pseudomonas - Correct Answers -bacteria that are very pathogenic but certain species
are used in cleaning industrial contaminates like toluene or other organic solvents
How to bacteria grow? - Correct Answers -They increase in number of cells or they
multiply
Phenotype - Correct Answers -physical appearances / observable traits
Auxuotrophs - Correct Answers -a mutant strain of microorganisms having nutritional
requirements additional to those of the normal organism
prototroph - Correct Answers -strains will grow on a simple defined medium that has
minimum requirements of growth (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus) and no additional
amino acids or vitamins are required
strains - Correct Answers -genetically different cells within a clone/colony
Plasmid: p Sym - Correct Answers -Trait: Nitrogen-fixing nodule formation on legume
plant roots
