BIO 315 WSU LECTURE EXAM 3
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Blood functions - Correct Answers --carries respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and
hormones
-helps regulate body temperature
What are the two components of blood? - Correct Answers -Blood cells and plasma
The percentage of red blood cells in the blood is referred to as what? - Correct Answers
-Hematocrit
How is a complete blood count (CBC) obtained currently? - Correct Answers -By
impedance (electrical resistance)
Plasma is a straw-colored, sticky fluid portion of blood that makes up what percentage
of whole blood? - Correct Answers -55%
What are the 3 main protein types found in plasma? - Correct Answers -albumin,
globulins, and fibrinogen
______________ maintains osmotic pressure in the blood and is the most abundant
protein type in plasma - Correct Answers -Albumin
What are the three types of globulins and what do they do? - Correct Answers --Alpha
and beta globulins: transport metals, lipids, and lipid hormones
-Gamma globulins: immunoglobins (antibodies)
_______________, which is converted to fibrin, is a major component of blood clotting -
Correct Answers -Fibrinogen
What are the 3 layers present in a centrifuge tube of blood? - Correct Answers -Plasma,
buffy coat, and erythrocytes
The 3 formed elements of blood are..... - Correct Answers -Erythrocytes (RBCs),
leukocytes (WBCs), and platelets
What oxygen-carrying protein is contained by erythrocytes? - Correct Answers -
Hemoglobin
T/F: mature erythrocytes have no organelles or nuclei - Correct Answers -T
Where in the body do erythrocytes originate from? - Correct Answers -Bone marrow
,What is the average count of leukocytes in the blood? - Correct Answers -7,500
_____________ function outside the bloodstream in loose connective tissue - Correct
Answers -Leukocytes
What is the term for circulating leukocytes leaving blood capillaries by squeezing
through endothelial cells? - Correct Answers -Diapedesis
What are the two types of leukocytes and their characteristics? - Correct Answers --
Granulocytes: contain enzyme-filled vesicles (granules) in their cytoplasm
-Agranulocytes: lack vesicles
The loss of formed elements through a ruptured vessel - Correct Answers -per rhexis
Types of granulocytes include..... - Correct Answers -Neutrophils, eosinophils, and
basophils
Neutrophils do what in the body? What is another name for a neutrophil? - Correct
Answers --Phagocytize bacteria and release enzymes
-Polymorphonucleated granulocytes
Immature neutrophils that do not have multi-lobed nuclei - Correct Answers -Band cells
Eosinophils play roles in what? - Correct Answers -Turning of allergic reactions and
fighting off parasitic infection
The granules of basophils secrete _____________ and function in inflammation
mediation - Correct Answers -histamine
What are the two types of agranulocytes? - Correct Answers -Lymphocytes and
monocytes
______________ are considered the most important cells of the immune system and
have two main classes. - Correct Answers -Lymphocytes
The two main classes of lymphocytes are ____________. What are the functions of
these types of lymphocytes? - Correct Answers --T cells: directly attack foreign cells
-B cells: multiply to become plasma cells and secrete antibodies
T/F: the nucleus volume to cytoplasm ratio is high in leukocytes - Correct Answers -T
The cytoplasm of leukocytes stain what color? - Correct Answers -slightly blue or purple
____________ are the largest leukocytes and have kidney-shaped nuclei. - Correct
Answers -Monocytes
, ____________ transform into macrophages; they leave the bloodstream and enter what
kind of connective tissue? what kind of cell are these leukocytes? - Correct Answers -
Monocytes; loose areolar connective tissue; phagocytic cells
____________ are cell fragments that break off from megakaryocytes in bone marrow. -
Correct Answers -Platelets
What is the function of platelets? - Correct Answers -Initiate the clotting of blood by
forming a platelet plug to prevent blood loss from injured blood vessels
The process by which blood cells are formed (originate from bone marrow) - Correct
Answers -Hematopoeisis
________ marrow actively generates new blood cells - Correct Answers -Red
________ _____________ remains in the proximal epiphyses, girdles, and all of the
axial skeleton - Correct Answers -Red marrow
What two things make up the tissue framework of red marrow? - Correct Answers -
Reticular connective tissue and blood sinusoids
____________ marrow is dormant, is located in the appendicular skeleton of adults,
and contains what kind of cells? - Correct Answers -yellow; fat
What are undifferentiated blood stem cells called? - Correct Answers -Hemopoietic
stem cells
What stem cells give rise to lymphocytes? - Correct Answers -Lymphoid stem cells
What stem cells give rise to all blood cells other than lymphocytes? - Correct Answers -
Myeloid stem cells
Proerythroblasts form ___________ - Correct Answers -Erythrocytes
Megakaryoblasts form ____________, which break apart into platelets - Correct
Answers -Megakaryocytes
Myeloblasts form the three types of _____________ - Correct Answers -Granulocytes
(eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils)
Monoblasts form __________, which form wandering macrophages - Correct Answers -
monocytes
Lymphoid stem cells form the two types of lymphocytes, __________ and __________ -
Correct Answers -B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Blood functions - Correct Answers --carries respiratory gases, nutrients, wastes, and
hormones
-helps regulate body temperature
What are the two components of blood? - Correct Answers -Blood cells and plasma
The percentage of red blood cells in the blood is referred to as what? - Correct Answers
-Hematocrit
How is a complete blood count (CBC) obtained currently? - Correct Answers -By
impedance (electrical resistance)
Plasma is a straw-colored, sticky fluid portion of blood that makes up what percentage
of whole blood? - Correct Answers -55%
What are the 3 main protein types found in plasma? - Correct Answers -albumin,
globulins, and fibrinogen
______________ maintains osmotic pressure in the blood and is the most abundant
protein type in plasma - Correct Answers -Albumin
What are the three types of globulins and what do they do? - Correct Answers --Alpha
and beta globulins: transport metals, lipids, and lipid hormones
-Gamma globulins: immunoglobins (antibodies)
_______________, which is converted to fibrin, is a major component of blood clotting -
Correct Answers -Fibrinogen
What are the 3 layers present in a centrifuge tube of blood? - Correct Answers -Plasma,
buffy coat, and erythrocytes
The 3 formed elements of blood are..... - Correct Answers -Erythrocytes (RBCs),
leukocytes (WBCs), and platelets
What oxygen-carrying protein is contained by erythrocytes? - Correct Answers -
Hemoglobin
T/F: mature erythrocytes have no organelles or nuclei - Correct Answers -T
Where in the body do erythrocytes originate from? - Correct Answers -Bone marrow
,What is the average count of leukocytes in the blood? - Correct Answers -7,500
_____________ function outside the bloodstream in loose connective tissue - Correct
Answers -Leukocytes
What is the term for circulating leukocytes leaving blood capillaries by squeezing
through endothelial cells? - Correct Answers -Diapedesis
What are the two types of leukocytes and their characteristics? - Correct Answers --
Granulocytes: contain enzyme-filled vesicles (granules) in their cytoplasm
-Agranulocytes: lack vesicles
The loss of formed elements through a ruptured vessel - Correct Answers -per rhexis
Types of granulocytes include..... - Correct Answers -Neutrophils, eosinophils, and
basophils
Neutrophils do what in the body? What is another name for a neutrophil? - Correct
Answers --Phagocytize bacteria and release enzymes
-Polymorphonucleated granulocytes
Immature neutrophils that do not have multi-lobed nuclei - Correct Answers -Band cells
Eosinophils play roles in what? - Correct Answers -Turning of allergic reactions and
fighting off parasitic infection
The granules of basophils secrete _____________ and function in inflammation
mediation - Correct Answers -histamine
What are the two types of agranulocytes? - Correct Answers -Lymphocytes and
monocytes
______________ are considered the most important cells of the immune system and
have two main classes. - Correct Answers -Lymphocytes
The two main classes of lymphocytes are ____________. What are the functions of
these types of lymphocytes? - Correct Answers --T cells: directly attack foreign cells
-B cells: multiply to become plasma cells and secrete antibodies
T/F: the nucleus volume to cytoplasm ratio is high in leukocytes - Correct Answers -T
The cytoplasm of leukocytes stain what color? - Correct Answers -slightly blue or purple
____________ are the largest leukocytes and have kidney-shaped nuclei. - Correct
Answers -Monocytes
, ____________ transform into macrophages; they leave the bloodstream and enter what
kind of connective tissue? what kind of cell are these leukocytes? - Correct Answers -
Monocytes; loose areolar connective tissue; phagocytic cells
____________ are cell fragments that break off from megakaryocytes in bone marrow. -
Correct Answers -Platelets
What is the function of platelets? - Correct Answers -Initiate the clotting of blood by
forming a platelet plug to prevent blood loss from injured blood vessels
The process by which blood cells are formed (originate from bone marrow) - Correct
Answers -Hematopoeisis
________ marrow actively generates new blood cells - Correct Answers -Red
________ _____________ remains in the proximal epiphyses, girdles, and all of the
axial skeleton - Correct Answers -Red marrow
What two things make up the tissue framework of red marrow? - Correct Answers -
Reticular connective tissue and blood sinusoids
____________ marrow is dormant, is located in the appendicular skeleton of adults,
and contains what kind of cells? - Correct Answers -yellow; fat
What are undifferentiated blood stem cells called? - Correct Answers -Hemopoietic
stem cells
What stem cells give rise to lymphocytes? - Correct Answers -Lymphoid stem cells
What stem cells give rise to all blood cells other than lymphocytes? - Correct Answers -
Myeloid stem cells
Proerythroblasts form ___________ - Correct Answers -Erythrocytes
Megakaryoblasts form ____________, which break apart into platelets - Correct
Answers -Megakaryocytes
Myeloblasts form the three types of _____________ - Correct Answers -Granulocytes
(eosinophils, basophils, neutrophils)
Monoblasts form __________, which form wandering macrophages - Correct Answers -
monocytes
Lymphoid stem cells form the two types of lymphocytes, __________ and __________ -
Correct Answers -B lymphocytes and T lymphocytes
