WGU C175 Data Management Foundations
Exam Updated Actual Question and Answer
(2026/2027) | Grade A+
• analytical database -✓✓ A database focused primarily on storing historical data
and business metrics used for tactical or strategic decision making
• availability -✓✓ In the context of data security, it refers to the accessibility of
data whenever required by authorized users and for authorized purposes
• centralized database -✓✓ A database located at a single site
• cloud database -✓✓ A database that is created and maintained using cloud
services, such as Microsoft Azure or Amazon AWS
• data -✓✓ Raw facts, or facts that have not yet been processed to reveal their
meaning to the end user
• data anomaly -✓✓ An abnormality of the data in which inconsistent changes have
been made to a database (For example, an employee moves, but the address
changes is not corrected in all files in the database)
• data dependence -✓✓ A data condition in which data representation and
manipulation are dependent on the physical data storage characteristics
• data dictionary -✓✓ A DBMS component that stores metadata. Contains the data
definition, as well as their characteristics and relationships
,• data inconsistency -✓✓ A condition in which different versions of the same data
yield different results
• data independence -✓✓ A condition in which data access is unaffected by
changes in the physical data storage characteristics
• data integrity -✓✓ In a relational database, a condition in which the data in the
database complies with all entity and referential integrity constraints
• data management -✓✓ A process that focuses on data collection, storage, and
retrieval.
• data processing (DP) specialist -✓✓ The person responsible for developing and
managing a computerized file processing system
• data redundancy -✓✓ Exists when the same data is stored unnecessarily at
different places
• database -✓✓ A shared, integrated computer structure that houses a collection of
related data including end-user data (raw facts) and metadata (data about the data)
• database design -✓✓ The process that yields the description of the database
structure and determines the database components. The second phase of the
database life cycle
• database management system (DBMS) -✓✓ The collection of programs that
manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the
database
,• database system -✓✓ An organization of components that defines and regulates
the collection, storage, management, and use of data in a database environment
• desktop database -✓✓ A single-user database that runs on a personal computer
• discipline-specific database -✓✓ A database that contains data focused on
specific subject areas
• enterprise database -✓✓ The overall company data representation, which
provides support for present and expected future needs
• field -✓✓ An alphabetic or numeric character or group of characters that defines
a characteristic of a person, place, or thing. (for example, a person's SSN, address,
phone number, and bank balance all constitute fields)
• file -✓✓ A named collection of related records
• general-purpose database -✓✓ A database that contains a wide variety of data
used in multiple disciplines
• hub -✓✓ A warehouse of data packets housed in a central location on a local area
network. It contains multiple ports that copy the data in the data packets to make it
accessible to selected or all segments of the network
• information -✓✓ The result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning. It
consists of transformed data and facilitates decision making
, • islands of information -✓✓ In the old file system environment, pools of
independent, often duplicated, and inconsistent data created and managed by
different departments
• knowledge -✓✓ The body of information and facts about a specific subject. It
implies familiarity, awareness, and understanding of information as it applies to an
environment
• logical data format -✓✓ The way a person views data within the context of a
problem domain
• metadata -✓✓ Data about data
• multiuser database -✓✓ A database that supports multiple concurrent users
• NoSQL -✓✓ A new generation of database management systems that is not based
on the traditional relational database model. It stores structured and unstructured
data in efficient ways.
• online analytical processing (OLAP) -✓✓ Decision support system (DSS) tools
that use multidimensional data analysis techniques. It creates an advanced data
analysis environment that supports decision making, business modeling, and
operations research
• operational database -✓✓ A database designed primarily to support a company's
day-to-day operations. (Also known as a transactional database, OLTP database, or
production database)
Exam Updated Actual Question and Answer
(2026/2027) | Grade A+
• analytical database -✓✓ A database focused primarily on storing historical data
and business metrics used for tactical or strategic decision making
• availability -✓✓ In the context of data security, it refers to the accessibility of
data whenever required by authorized users and for authorized purposes
• centralized database -✓✓ A database located at a single site
• cloud database -✓✓ A database that is created and maintained using cloud
services, such as Microsoft Azure or Amazon AWS
• data -✓✓ Raw facts, or facts that have not yet been processed to reveal their
meaning to the end user
• data anomaly -✓✓ An abnormality of the data in which inconsistent changes have
been made to a database (For example, an employee moves, but the address
changes is not corrected in all files in the database)
• data dependence -✓✓ A data condition in which data representation and
manipulation are dependent on the physical data storage characteristics
• data dictionary -✓✓ A DBMS component that stores metadata. Contains the data
definition, as well as their characteristics and relationships
,• data inconsistency -✓✓ A condition in which different versions of the same data
yield different results
• data independence -✓✓ A condition in which data access is unaffected by
changes in the physical data storage characteristics
• data integrity -✓✓ In a relational database, a condition in which the data in the
database complies with all entity and referential integrity constraints
• data management -✓✓ A process that focuses on data collection, storage, and
retrieval.
• data processing (DP) specialist -✓✓ The person responsible for developing and
managing a computerized file processing system
• data redundancy -✓✓ Exists when the same data is stored unnecessarily at
different places
• database -✓✓ A shared, integrated computer structure that houses a collection of
related data including end-user data (raw facts) and metadata (data about the data)
• database design -✓✓ The process that yields the description of the database
structure and determines the database components. The second phase of the
database life cycle
• database management system (DBMS) -✓✓ The collection of programs that
manages the database structure and controls access to the data stored in the
database
,• database system -✓✓ An organization of components that defines and regulates
the collection, storage, management, and use of data in a database environment
• desktop database -✓✓ A single-user database that runs on a personal computer
• discipline-specific database -✓✓ A database that contains data focused on
specific subject areas
• enterprise database -✓✓ The overall company data representation, which
provides support for present and expected future needs
• field -✓✓ An alphabetic or numeric character or group of characters that defines
a characteristic of a person, place, or thing. (for example, a person's SSN, address,
phone number, and bank balance all constitute fields)
• file -✓✓ A named collection of related records
• general-purpose database -✓✓ A database that contains a wide variety of data
used in multiple disciplines
• hub -✓✓ A warehouse of data packets housed in a central location on a local area
network. It contains multiple ports that copy the data in the data packets to make it
accessible to selected or all segments of the network
• information -✓✓ The result of processing raw data to reveal its meaning. It
consists of transformed data and facilitates decision making
, • islands of information -✓✓ In the old file system environment, pools of
independent, often duplicated, and inconsistent data created and managed by
different departments
• knowledge -✓✓ The body of information and facts about a specific subject. It
implies familiarity, awareness, and understanding of information as it applies to an
environment
• logical data format -✓✓ The way a person views data within the context of a
problem domain
• metadata -✓✓ Data about data
• multiuser database -✓✓ A database that supports multiple concurrent users
• NoSQL -✓✓ A new generation of database management systems that is not based
on the traditional relational database model. It stores structured and unstructured
data in efficient ways.
• online analytical processing (OLAP) -✓✓ Decision support system (DSS) tools
that use multidimensional data analysis techniques. It creates an advanced data
analysis environment that supports decision making, business modeling, and
operations research
• operational database -✓✓ A database designed primarily to support a company's
day-to-day operations. (Also known as a transactional database, OLTP database, or
production database)
