BIOL251 Human Anatomy & Physiology I w/Lab or BIOD152
Anatomy & Physiology II Module 7: The Urinary System –
70 Multiple-Choice Questions & Answers Complete Exam
Review – Portage Learning | Latest 2026/2027 | 100%
Verified
Module 7: The Urinary System
This module discusses the mechanisms involved in regulating urine concentration and
volume, and the functions of urinary system components.
Kidney Structure: Cortex, medulla, nephrons (functional units).
Urine Formation: Filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and excretion.
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance: Regulation of water, sodium, potassium, and acid-
base balance.
Clinical Correlations: Kidney stones, urinary tract infections, and renal failure.
Example: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys.
This comprehensive document contains 70 multiple-choice questions and verified
answers for the Module 7 Exam covering the Urinary System for Portage Learning's
BIOL251 Human Anatomy & Physiology I w/Lab or BIOD152 Anatomy & Physiology II. Each
question includes the correct answer in bold with a detailed italic explanation.
SECTION 1: OVERVIEW & ORGANIZATION OF THE URINARY SYSTEM (Questions 1–
15)
1. Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?
A) Regulation of blood volume and blood pressure
B) Regulation of blood pH
,C) Production of digestive enzymes
D) Elimination of metabolic wastes
Answer: C
The urinary system regulates blood volume and pressure, regulates blood pH, and
eliminates metabolic wastes. Production of digestive enzymes is a function of the digestive
system .
2. The kidneys are located in the:
A) Thoracic cavity
B) Retroperitoneal space
C) Peritoneal cavity
D) Pelvic cavity
Answer: B
The kidneys are retroperitoneal organs, meaning they are located behind the peritoneum.
They are positioned on either side of the vertebral column between T12 and L3 .
3. The indentation on the medial side of the kidney where blood vessels and the
ureter enter is called the:
A) Renal cortex
B) Renal medulla
C) Hilum
D) Renal pelvis
Answer: C
The hilum is the concave medial border of the kidney where the renal artery, renal vein, and
ureter enter and exit the kidney .
4. Which of the following lists the correct order of urine flow from the kidney to the
external environment?
A) Kidney → Ureter → Urinary bladder → Urethra
B) Kidney → Urethra → Urinary bladder → Ureter
, C) Kidney → Urinary bladder → Ureter → Urethra
D) Ureter → Kidney → Urinary bladder → Urethra
Answer: A
Urine flows from the kidney through the ureter to the urinary bladder for storage, and then
exits the body through the urethra .
5. The renal cortex is:
A) The outer region of the kidney
B) The inner region of the kidney
C) The central collecting area
D) The functional unit of the kidney
Answer: A
The renal cortex is the outer, lighter-colored region of the kidney. It contains the renal
corpuscles and portions of the renal tubules .
6. The renal medulla is composed of cone-shaped structures called:
A) Renal pyramids
B) Renal columns
C) Renal papillae
D) Renal pyramids
Answer: D
The renal medulla contains cone-shaped structures called renal pyramids. The base of each
pyramid faces the cortex, and the apex (renal papilla) points toward the renal pelvis .
7. Urine drains from the renal papilla into the:
A) Renal cortex
B) Renal pelvis
C) Minor calyx
D) Ureter
Answer: C
Anatomy & Physiology II Module 7: The Urinary System –
70 Multiple-Choice Questions & Answers Complete Exam
Review – Portage Learning | Latest 2026/2027 | 100%
Verified
Module 7: The Urinary System
This module discusses the mechanisms involved in regulating urine concentration and
volume, and the functions of urinary system components.
Kidney Structure: Cortex, medulla, nephrons (functional units).
Urine Formation: Filtration, reabsorption, secretion, and excretion.
Fluid and Electrolyte Balance: Regulation of water, sodium, potassium, and acid-
base balance.
Clinical Correlations: Kidney stones, urinary tract infections, and renal failure.
Example: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys.
This comprehensive document contains 70 multiple-choice questions and verified
answers for the Module 7 Exam covering the Urinary System for Portage Learning's
BIOL251 Human Anatomy & Physiology I w/Lab or BIOD152 Anatomy & Physiology II. Each
question includes the correct answer in bold with a detailed italic explanation.
SECTION 1: OVERVIEW & ORGANIZATION OF THE URINARY SYSTEM (Questions 1–
15)
1. Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?
A) Regulation of blood volume and blood pressure
B) Regulation of blood pH
,C) Production of digestive enzymes
D) Elimination of metabolic wastes
Answer: C
The urinary system regulates blood volume and pressure, regulates blood pH, and
eliminates metabolic wastes. Production of digestive enzymes is a function of the digestive
system .
2. The kidneys are located in the:
A) Thoracic cavity
B) Retroperitoneal space
C) Peritoneal cavity
D) Pelvic cavity
Answer: B
The kidneys are retroperitoneal organs, meaning they are located behind the peritoneum.
They are positioned on either side of the vertebral column between T12 and L3 .
3. The indentation on the medial side of the kidney where blood vessels and the
ureter enter is called the:
A) Renal cortex
B) Renal medulla
C) Hilum
D) Renal pelvis
Answer: C
The hilum is the concave medial border of the kidney where the renal artery, renal vein, and
ureter enter and exit the kidney .
4. Which of the following lists the correct order of urine flow from the kidney to the
external environment?
A) Kidney → Ureter → Urinary bladder → Urethra
B) Kidney → Urethra → Urinary bladder → Ureter
, C) Kidney → Urinary bladder → Ureter → Urethra
D) Ureter → Kidney → Urinary bladder → Urethra
Answer: A
Urine flows from the kidney through the ureter to the urinary bladder for storage, and then
exits the body through the urethra .
5. The renal cortex is:
A) The outer region of the kidney
B) The inner region of the kidney
C) The central collecting area
D) The functional unit of the kidney
Answer: A
The renal cortex is the outer, lighter-colored region of the kidney. It contains the renal
corpuscles and portions of the renal tubules .
6. The renal medulla is composed of cone-shaped structures called:
A) Renal pyramids
B) Renal columns
C) Renal papillae
D) Renal pyramids
Answer: D
The renal medulla contains cone-shaped structures called renal pyramids. The base of each
pyramid faces the cortex, and the apex (renal papilla) points toward the renal pelvis .
7. Urine drains from the renal papilla into the:
A) Renal cortex
B) Renal pelvis
C) Minor calyx
D) Ureter
Answer: C
