TEST BANK FOR MENOPAUSE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
(GRADED A+)
Clinical Considerations for Systemic Hormone Therapy (HT)
A patient approaching menopause is interested in taking oral hormone
replacement therapy (HRT) to manage her symptoms. Which of the following
educational points should the nurse include in this patient's teaching plan?
A. HRT can provide a key therapeutic benefit by helping prevent bone loss
in individuals who are at an increased risk for osteoporosis.
B. HRT offers protective benefits that actively shield women from strokes
and congestive heart failure.
C. HRT decreases a woman's overall risk of developing deep vein
thrombosis (DVT).
D. HRT is associated with a reduced incidence of pulmonary embolism and
breast cancer.
✔✔ Answer: A. HRT can provide a key therapeutic benefit by helping prevent
bone loss in individuals who are at an increased risk for osteoporosis.
Rationale: Estrogen is vital for preserving bone density. Although HRT is
primarily indicated for moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms, it is also FDA-
approved to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal patients at high risk of bone
fractures.
Why the other choices are incorrect: Oral systemic HRT actually
increases—rather than decreases—the risk of cardiovascular complications
(like strokes and heart failure), blood clots (including DVT and pulmonary
embolisms), and, when using combined estrogen-progestogen formulations,
breast cancer.
Managing Postmenopausal Dyspareunia
A postmenopausal patient confides in the nurse that she has been experiencing
pain during sexual intercourse. What guidance should the nurse provide to
this patient?
, A. Assure her that this is a typical consequence of aging that she must learn
to tolerate.
B. Suggest that she abstain from sexual intercourse completely.
C. Recommend the use of vaginal lubricants during sexual activity.
D. Suggest reducing the frequency of intercourse as a way to minimize the
pain.
✔✔ Answer: C. Recommend the use of vaginal lubricants during sexual activity.
Rationale: As shown in the diagram, a natural drop in estrogen levels during
menopause leads to vaginal atrophy (now referred to as Genitourinary Syndrome
of Menopause, or GSM). Notice how the normal tissue is thick, elastic, and moist,
whereas the atrophic tissue becomes thin, dry, and has decreased blood flow. This
thinning makes the tissues highly vulnerable to friction and irritation, resulting in
painful intercourse (dyspareunia).
Suggesting over-the-counter, water-soluble personal lubricants and regular vaginal
moisturizers directly addresses this dryness. Advising the patient to tolerate pain,
avoid intimacy, or merely cut back on physical activity is unhelpful and fails to
resolve the underlying physical condition.
Which of the following clients would be described as experiencing premature
ovarian failure?
A.
A 29-year-old woman who is receiving chemotherapy that damages her ovaries
B.
A 35-year-old woman who recently underwent an oophorectomy
C.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
(GRADED A+)
Clinical Considerations for Systemic Hormone Therapy (HT)
A patient approaching menopause is interested in taking oral hormone
replacement therapy (HRT) to manage her symptoms. Which of the following
educational points should the nurse include in this patient's teaching plan?
A. HRT can provide a key therapeutic benefit by helping prevent bone loss
in individuals who are at an increased risk for osteoporosis.
B. HRT offers protective benefits that actively shield women from strokes
and congestive heart failure.
C. HRT decreases a woman's overall risk of developing deep vein
thrombosis (DVT).
D. HRT is associated with a reduced incidence of pulmonary embolism and
breast cancer.
✔✔ Answer: A. HRT can provide a key therapeutic benefit by helping prevent
bone loss in individuals who are at an increased risk for osteoporosis.
Rationale: Estrogen is vital for preserving bone density. Although HRT is
primarily indicated for moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms, it is also FDA-
approved to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal patients at high risk of bone
fractures.
Why the other choices are incorrect: Oral systemic HRT actually
increases—rather than decreases—the risk of cardiovascular complications
(like strokes and heart failure), blood clots (including DVT and pulmonary
embolisms), and, when using combined estrogen-progestogen formulations,
breast cancer.
Managing Postmenopausal Dyspareunia
A postmenopausal patient confides in the nurse that she has been experiencing
pain during sexual intercourse. What guidance should the nurse provide to
this patient?
, A. Assure her that this is a typical consequence of aging that she must learn
to tolerate.
B. Suggest that she abstain from sexual intercourse completely.
C. Recommend the use of vaginal lubricants during sexual activity.
D. Suggest reducing the frequency of intercourse as a way to minimize the
pain.
✔✔ Answer: C. Recommend the use of vaginal lubricants during sexual activity.
Rationale: As shown in the diagram, a natural drop in estrogen levels during
menopause leads to vaginal atrophy (now referred to as Genitourinary Syndrome
of Menopause, or GSM). Notice how the normal tissue is thick, elastic, and moist,
whereas the atrophic tissue becomes thin, dry, and has decreased blood flow. This
thinning makes the tissues highly vulnerable to friction and irritation, resulting in
painful intercourse (dyspareunia).
Suggesting over-the-counter, water-soluble personal lubricants and regular vaginal
moisturizers directly addresses this dryness. Advising the patient to tolerate pain,
avoid intimacy, or merely cut back on physical activity is unhelpful and fails to
resolve the underlying physical condition.
Which of the following clients would be described as experiencing premature
ovarian failure?
A.
A 29-year-old woman who is receiving chemotherapy that damages her ovaries
B.
A 35-year-old woman who recently underwent an oophorectomy
C.
