EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH COMPETENCIES
FOR ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS
CERTIFICATION EVALUATION EXAMS SET
FULL QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE
SOLUTION
●● Research is not
Answer: -gathering information
-rummaging around for hard-to locate information
-transporting facts from one location to the other
●● Steps in the Research Process
Answer: 1. identify a question or problem
2. articulate a goal
3. identify a hypothesis
4. develop a plan
5. collect, organize, and analyze data
6. interpret the data as they relate to the problem
●● Hypothesis
Answer: a logical supposition, a reasonable guess, an educated
conjecture. It provides a tentative explanation for a phenomenon under
,investigation and may direct thinking to possible sources of information
necessary to resolve the research problem.
●● assumption
Answer: condition that is taken for granted, without which the research
project would be pointless.
●● the two general assumptions that underlie most research projects
Answer: 1. the phenomenon under investigation is somewhat lawful and
predictable
2. cause-and-effect relationships can account for certain patters observed
in the phenomenon
●● what are the tools of research?
Answer: - the library and its resources
-computer technology
-measurement
-statistics
-language
-the human mind
●● what are the main function of statistics
Answer: -describes the general nature of the data obtained
, -scientists can draw inferences from the data
●● Juried research report
Answer: a research report judged by experts in the field and deemed to
be sufficient quality and importance to warrant publication
●● Nonjuried (nonrefereed) research report
Answer: a research report appears in a journal or on the internet without
having been reviewed or selected by experts.
●● deductive reasoning
Answer: reasoning in which a conclusion is reached by stating a general
principle and then applying that principle to a specific case (The sun
rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise on Tuesday morning.)
●● inductive reasoning
Answer: A type of logic in which generalizations are based on a large
number of specific observations.
●● Scientific Method
Answer: an approach in which a researcher (a) identifies a problem that
defines the goal of one's quest; (b) posits a hypothesis that, if confirmed,
resolves the problem; (c) gathers data relevant to the hypothesis; and (d)
FOR ANALYSIS AND APPLICATIONS
CERTIFICATION EVALUATION EXAMS SET
FULL QUESTIONS AND COMPLETE
SOLUTION
●● Research is not
Answer: -gathering information
-rummaging around for hard-to locate information
-transporting facts from one location to the other
●● Steps in the Research Process
Answer: 1. identify a question or problem
2. articulate a goal
3. identify a hypothesis
4. develop a plan
5. collect, organize, and analyze data
6. interpret the data as they relate to the problem
●● Hypothesis
Answer: a logical supposition, a reasonable guess, an educated
conjecture. It provides a tentative explanation for a phenomenon under
,investigation and may direct thinking to possible sources of information
necessary to resolve the research problem.
●● assumption
Answer: condition that is taken for granted, without which the research
project would be pointless.
●● the two general assumptions that underlie most research projects
Answer: 1. the phenomenon under investigation is somewhat lawful and
predictable
2. cause-and-effect relationships can account for certain patters observed
in the phenomenon
●● what are the tools of research?
Answer: - the library and its resources
-computer technology
-measurement
-statistics
-language
-the human mind
●● what are the main function of statistics
Answer: -describes the general nature of the data obtained
, -scientists can draw inferences from the data
●● Juried research report
Answer: a research report judged by experts in the field and deemed to
be sufficient quality and importance to warrant publication
●● Nonjuried (nonrefereed) research report
Answer: a research report appears in a journal or on the internet without
having been reviewed or selected by experts.
●● deductive reasoning
Answer: reasoning in which a conclusion is reached by stating a general
principle and then applying that principle to a specific case (The sun
rises every morning; therefore, the sun will rise on Tuesday morning.)
●● inductive reasoning
Answer: A type of logic in which generalizations are based on a large
number of specific observations.
●● Scientific Method
Answer: an approach in which a researcher (a) identifies a problem that
defines the goal of one's quest; (b) posits a hypothesis that, if confirmed,
resolves the problem; (c) gathers data relevant to the hypothesis; and (d)
