MCB 2004 EXAM 1 VERIFIED STUDY GUIDE
microbes - Answers - organisms that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.
6 major groups of microbes (microorganism) - Answers - 1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Algae
4. Protozoa
5. Fungi
6. Viruses
Prokaryotes - Answers - Bacteria and Archaea
Eukaryotes - Answers - Algae, protozoa, and fungi
Bacteria - Answers - -prokaryotes
-peptidoglycan cell wall
-binary fission
-For energy, use organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, or photosynthesis
binary fission - Answers - A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by
which one cell divides into two cells of the same size
Archaea - Answers - -prokaryotes
-lack peptidoglycan
-commonly live in extreme environments
-include: methanogens, extreme halophiles, extreme thermophiles
peptidoglycan - Answers - A protein-carbohydrate compound that makes the cell walls
of bacteria rigid
Halophiles - Answers - "salt-loving" archaea that live in environments that have very
high salt concentrations
Methanogens - Answers - A group of archaebacteria that produce methane as a by
product of their metabolism.
Thermophiles - Answers - Archaea that thrive in very hot environments, such as
volcanic springs.
fungi - Answers - -Eukaryotes
-chitin cell walls
-use organic chemicals for energy
*yeast are unicellular
,*molds and mushrooms are multicellular
protozoa - Answers - -Eukaryotes
-Absorb or ingest organic chemicals
-May be motile via pseudopods, cilia, or flagella
algae - Answers - -Eukaryotes
-Cellulose cell walls
-Use photosynthesis for energy
-Produce molecular oxygen and organic compounds
Viruses - Answers - -acellular
-DNA or RNA genome
-Genome is surrounded by a protein coat called capsid.
-Coat may be enclosed in a lipid envelope.
-Viruses are replicated only when they are in a living host cell (intracellular parasites).
capsid - Answers - Genome is surrounded by a protein coat called a _______
lipid envelope - Answers - -Coat (capsid) may be enclosed in a _____ _____
microorganism - Answers - -so small and cannot be seen by unaided eyes.
-very diverse (<1% is culturable and studied.
-helpful.
-A few are harmful.
B) Influenza - Answers - In 1918, a pandemic of ___________ killed ~ 40 million people
all over the world.
A) Pneumonia
B) Influenza
C) AIDS
D) Tuberculosis
E) Cholera
E) Both bacteria and archaea - Answers - Which of the following organisms are
prokaryotes?
A) Bacteria
B) Archaea
C) Algae
D) Protozoa
E) Both Bacteria and Archaea
E) They all have genomes - Answers - Which of the following organisms has no
genome?
, A) Virus
B) Bacterium
C) Fungus
D) Archaea
E) They all have genomes
A) Virus - Answers - Which of the following organisms does not have cellular structure?
A) Virus
B) Bacterium
C) Fungus
D) Archaea
E) Protozoa
bacteria, archaea, eukarya - Answers - What are the 3 domains of the three-domain
system?
Eukarya - Answers - -Protists
-Fungi
-Plants
-Animals
Robert Hooke (1665) - Answers - - ______ _____ reported that living things are
composed of little boxes, or cells
Rudolf Virchow (1858) - Answers - - _____ _____said cells arise from preexisting cells
Cell theory - Answers - All living things are composed of cells and come from
preexisting cells
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) - Answers - - ______ ____ ______ described live
microorganisms
spontaneous generation - Answers - The hypothesis that living organisms arise from
nonliving matter is called ____ _____
biogenesis - Answers - -The alternative hypothesis, that the living organisms arise from
preexisting life, is called _______
hypothesis theory law - Answers - 1. Make initial observations
2. Formulate a testable hypothesis
3. Design a controlled experiment
4. Collect data
5. Interpret results
-consult prior knowledge
6. Accept or reject hypothesis
microbes - Answers - organisms that are too small to be seen with the unaided eye.
6 major groups of microbes (microorganism) - Answers - 1. Bacteria
2. Archaea
3. Algae
4. Protozoa
5. Fungi
6. Viruses
Prokaryotes - Answers - Bacteria and Archaea
Eukaryotes - Answers - Algae, protozoa, and fungi
Bacteria - Answers - -prokaryotes
-peptidoglycan cell wall
-binary fission
-For energy, use organic chemicals, inorganic chemicals, or photosynthesis
binary fission - Answers - A form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by
which one cell divides into two cells of the same size
Archaea - Answers - -prokaryotes
-lack peptidoglycan
-commonly live in extreme environments
-include: methanogens, extreme halophiles, extreme thermophiles
peptidoglycan - Answers - A protein-carbohydrate compound that makes the cell walls
of bacteria rigid
Halophiles - Answers - "salt-loving" archaea that live in environments that have very
high salt concentrations
Methanogens - Answers - A group of archaebacteria that produce methane as a by
product of their metabolism.
Thermophiles - Answers - Archaea that thrive in very hot environments, such as
volcanic springs.
fungi - Answers - -Eukaryotes
-chitin cell walls
-use organic chemicals for energy
*yeast are unicellular
,*molds and mushrooms are multicellular
protozoa - Answers - -Eukaryotes
-Absorb or ingest organic chemicals
-May be motile via pseudopods, cilia, or flagella
algae - Answers - -Eukaryotes
-Cellulose cell walls
-Use photosynthesis for energy
-Produce molecular oxygen and organic compounds
Viruses - Answers - -acellular
-DNA or RNA genome
-Genome is surrounded by a protein coat called capsid.
-Coat may be enclosed in a lipid envelope.
-Viruses are replicated only when they are in a living host cell (intracellular parasites).
capsid - Answers - Genome is surrounded by a protein coat called a _______
lipid envelope - Answers - -Coat (capsid) may be enclosed in a _____ _____
microorganism - Answers - -so small and cannot be seen by unaided eyes.
-very diverse (<1% is culturable and studied.
-helpful.
-A few are harmful.
B) Influenza - Answers - In 1918, a pandemic of ___________ killed ~ 40 million people
all over the world.
A) Pneumonia
B) Influenza
C) AIDS
D) Tuberculosis
E) Cholera
E) Both bacteria and archaea - Answers - Which of the following organisms are
prokaryotes?
A) Bacteria
B) Archaea
C) Algae
D) Protozoa
E) Both Bacteria and Archaea
E) They all have genomes - Answers - Which of the following organisms has no
genome?
, A) Virus
B) Bacterium
C) Fungus
D) Archaea
E) They all have genomes
A) Virus - Answers - Which of the following organisms does not have cellular structure?
A) Virus
B) Bacterium
C) Fungus
D) Archaea
E) Protozoa
bacteria, archaea, eukarya - Answers - What are the 3 domains of the three-domain
system?
Eukarya - Answers - -Protists
-Fungi
-Plants
-Animals
Robert Hooke (1665) - Answers - - ______ _____ reported that living things are
composed of little boxes, or cells
Rudolf Virchow (1858) - Answers - - _____ _____said cells arise from preexisting cells
Cell theory - Answers - All living things are composed of cells and come from
preexisting cells
Anton van Leeuwenhoek (1632-1723) - Answers - - ______ ____ ______ described live
microorganisms
spontaneous generation - Answers - The hypothesis that living organisms arise from
nonliving matter is called ____ _____
biogenesis - Answers - -The alternative hypothesis, that the living organisms arise from
preexisting life, is called _______
hypothesis theory law - Answers - 1. Make initial observations
2. Formulate a testable hypothesis
3. Design a controlled experiment
4. Collect data
5. Interpret results
-consult prior knowledge
6. Accept or reject hypothesis
