ANSC 3010 - NUTRIENTS AND DIGESTION EXAM QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026

ANSC 3010 - NUTRIENTS AND DIGESTION EXAM QUESTIONS WELL ANSWERED LATEST UPDATE 2026 The challenge to livestock producers and nutritionists is to? - Answers Increase the efficiency of conversion of feedstuffs into animal products List some factors that influence food and feed production. - Answers - Government regulations - Projected future prices - Environmental conditions - Input costs Define nutrition. - Answers The series of chemical, biochemical, and physiological processes which transform food elements into body tissues and activities What is a nutrient? - Answers Any feed constituent that functions in the support of animal life What is feed (feedstuff)? - Answers Any material of natural or artificial origin that's fed to animals to sustain them What is a diet? - Answers Any combination of feedstuffs used to supply nourishment to the animal What is a ration? - Answers Amount of diet consumed in 24 hour period What are the 6 classes of nutrients? - Answers 1. Carbohydrates 2. Proteins 3. Lipids 4. Vitamins 5. Minerals 6. Water What nutrients fall under the category of dry matter? - Answers Carbs Lipids Vitamins Minerals Protein What is the simple, yet most essential nutrient for cattle? (Read article) - Answers Water How much water do cattle need? - Answers Roughly 2 gallons per 100 pounds body weight per day Feeding cattle high moisture feed reduces how much drinking water they need. What kinds of feeds are high in moisture content? - Answers Silages, green chop, and growing pasture Which requires more water, a lactating cow or a bull? - Answers Lactating cow According to the article, what are three things to look out for concerning cattle water quality? - Answers - Nitrates - Sulfates - Blue-green algae What are the functions of water? - Answers - Solvent for biological systems - Medium to transport materials and waste - Body temperature regulation - Lubrication and cushion - Cell shape How do animals derive water? - Answers From drinking, feedstuffs, and metabolic processes What is free water? - Answers Moisture associated with feed What is metabolic water? - Answers chemically bound and released when nutrients or body tissue are broken down by metabolic processes How does the body lose water? - Answers - Urine - Feces - Lungs - Skin surface - Sweat - Eggs - Milk True or False. Lactating animals have a higher water requirement. - Answers True Why did the calves in Lubbock, Texas have scours and how was it fixed? - Answers The water was high in saline, had to adjust calf milk replacement List some factors that affect water intake. - Answers - High protein diets - Rumen - Feedstuffs - Function of animal - Feed intake - Weather - Water quality - Access to water Why does the rumen require liquid? - Answers For the suspension of ingesta When fed a high protein diet, water intake should be? - Answers Increased to dilute the urea Swine and poultry require ____ parts water per ___ parts dry feed. - Answers 2 parts water per 1 part dry feed True or False. Protein is the primary component found in livestock feeds. - Answers False, carbohydrates True or False. Carbohydrates comprise up to 70% of the dry matter of forages. - Answers True Carbohydrates serve as a source of? - Answers Energy What is the simplest form of a carbohydrate? - Answers monosaccharide What is lactose made of? - Answers glucose + galactose ________ and _________ are the two polysaccharides found in plants in the highest concentrations. - Answers Starch and cellulose What is amylase and where is it produced? - Answers Amylase is an enzyme that breaks down starch Produced by the pancreas What is glycogen? - Answers Glucose stored in the muscle and liver True or False. Young ruminant animals are functionally monogastric when born. - Answers True Why are ruminant animals less efficient at digesting starch in the small intestine? - Answers They secrete small amounts of amylase into the small intestine, better at digesting fiber in the rumen True or False. Lignin is a carbohydrate. - Answers False. What nutrient has the highest concentration in the body aside from water? - Answers Protein What is lignin? - Answers Undigestible polyphenolic polymer that combines with cell wall components The production of proteins is regulated by? - Answers genetic material (DNA) in the nucleus What controls protein synthesis? - Answers DNA How does the body get amino acids used for protein synthesis? - Answers From the diet or from digestive processes in the GI tract What are essential amino acids? - Answers Amino acids that must be consumed because they cannot be created by the body List the essential amino acids. - Answers Arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, taurine What is a limiting amino acid? - Answers the essential amino acid that is missing or in the smallest supply in the amino acid pool and is thus responsible for slowing or halting protein synthesis True or False. Ruminants can survive on diets that contain no protein. - Answers True, but they need a nitrogen source Give an example of a non-protein nitrogen source. - Answers Urea What are excess amino acids used for? - Answers Energy True or False. In general, protein quality is less important to ruminants than simple-stomached species. - Answers True What causes a deficiency of protein? - Answers - Limiting amino acids - Inadequate dietary protein List some signs of protein deficiency. - Answers - Poor growth - Reduced nitrogen retention - Lower feed consumption - Infertility - Lower feed utilization - Lower birth weight - Reduced production Which of the following are lipids? Fats Glycolipids