HARTMANS PHLEBOTOMY EXAMINERS
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔graft - ✔✔where a persons vein has been redirected to surgically implanted vein
✔✔arms with fistulas or grafts should not be used for venipuncture - ✔✔veins not safe
✔✔avoid sites with thrombosis, burns, bruising , scarring, hematoma, phebitis, swelling
, recent tattoo, open wound, skin infection... - ✔✔choosing a safe draw spot
✔✔phebitis - ✔✔inflammation of a vein
✔✔thrombosis - ✔✔blood clot
✔✔petechiae - ✔✔1- small, pinpoint hemorrhages
2- dots apear on skin as result of leaking capillaries
✔✔patients prone to petechia are prone to - ✔✔prolonged bleeding
✔✔primary responsibility of PBT? - ✔✔obtain high quality specimen while treating
patient with courtesy, dignity and respect
, ✔✔most problems with blood testing are - ✔✔preanalytical errors
✔✔integrity - ✔✔high quality and reliable
✔✔venipuncture specimen integrity.... avoid these things to get a good sample - ✔✔1-
identification of errors
2- additive errors
3- hemoconcentration
4-hemolysis
5- insufficient quantity QNS
✔✔how to avoid identification errors? - ✔✔1- follow policy
2- never label or initial b4 collection
3- label and initial after draw in front of patient
4- confirm if patient info correct
✔✔how to avoid additive related errors? - ✔✔1- check and double check you've got
correct unexpired tubes
2- follow order of draw
3- never remove stoppers
4- do correct number of inversions
✔✔why are inversions impt? - ✔✔will cause micro clotting and make test less accurate
✔✔How to avoid hemoconcentration - - ✔✔1- remove tourniquet after site selectiomn
2- remove again once flow starts
3- if left on more than one minute do not reapply for 2 min
✔✔Hemoconcentration - ✔✔build up of blood cells(solid) relative to liquid blood
✔✔hemolysis - ✔✔destruction of red blood cells
✔✔how to avoid hemolysis? - ✔✔1- avoid any action that causes too much pressure on
cells
2- do not use needle too small gauge or pull too forcefully on syringe plunger or handle
tube roughly
3- do not over tighten tourniquet or leave on too long
4- mix tubes gently
5- never use collection needle to transfer blood from syringe to evacuated tube it's a
hemolysis risk, a needle stick risk, and can contaminate specimen
✔✔insufficient quantity - ✔✔QNS
✔✔how to avoid insufficient quantity(QNS)? - ✔✔1- fill tubes to correct level so enough
to mix with additive
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔graft - ✔✔where a persons vein has been redirected to surgically implanted vein
✔✔arms with fistulas or grafts should not be used for venipuncture - ✔✔veins not safe
✔✔avoid sites with thrombosis, burns, bruising , scarring, hematoma, phebitis, swelling
, recent tattoo, open wound, skin infection... - ✔✔choosing a safe draw spot
✔✔phebitis - ✔✔inflammation of a vein
✔✔thrombosis - ✔✔blood clot
✔✔petechiae - ✔✔1- small, pinpoint hemorrhages
2- dots apear on skin as result of leaking capillaries
✔✔patients prone to petechia are prone to - ✔✔prolonged bleeding
✔✔primary responsibility of PBT? - ✔✔obtain high quality specimen while treating
patient with courtesy, dignity and respect
, ✔✔most problems with blood testing are - ✔✔preanalytical errors
✔✔integrity - ✔✔high quality and reliable
✔✔venipuncture specimen integrity.... avoid these things to get a good sample - ✔✔1-
identification of errors
2- additive errors
3- hemoconcentration
4-hemolysis
5- insufficient quantity QNS
✔✔how to avoid identification errors? - ✔✔1- follow policy
2- never label or initial b4 collection
3- label and initial after draw in front of patient
4- confirm if patient info correct
✔✔how to avoid additive related errors? - ✔✔1- check and double check you've got
correct unexpired tubes
2- follow order of draw
3- never remove stoppers
4- do correct number of inversions
✔✔why are inversions impt? - ✔✔will cause micro clotting and make test less accurate
✔✔How to avoid hemoconcentration - - ✔✔1- remove tourniquet after site selectiomn
2- remove again once flow starts
3- if left on more than one minute do not reapply for 2 min
✔✔Hemoconcentration - ✔✔build up of blood cells(solid) relative to liquid blood
✔✔hemolysis - ✔✔destruction of red blood cells
✔✔how to avoid hemolysis? - ✔✔1- avoid any action that causes too much pressure on
cells
2- do not use needle too small gauge or pull too forcefully on syringe plunger or handle
tube roughly
3- do not over tighten tourniquet or leave on too long
4- mix tubes gently
5- never use collection needle to transfer blood from syringe to evacuated tube it's a
hemolysis risk, a needle stick risk, and can contaminate specimen
✔✔insufficient quantity - ✔✔QNS
✔✔how to avoid insufficient quantity(QNS)? - ✔✔1- fill tubes to correct level so enough
to mix with additive
