Neuropsychology Exam 2 Questions and
Answers
Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-forms the basis of experience and
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perception of self; it is dynamic and malleable; it allows people to travel
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
back in time; pervades most aspects of human experience; the
| | | | | | | | | |
foundation of social communication; it is parceled into subsystems
| | | | | | | | |
based on ideas of storage and processing; it is a fragile system, affected
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
by many disorders, including dementias, such as alzheimer's, toxic
| | | | | | | | |
conditions, loss of oxygen, and head injury. | | | | | |
Anterograde Amnesia - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is the loss of the ability
| | | | | | | | | |
to encode and learn new information after a defined event (such as
| | | | | | | | | | | |
head injury, lesion, or disease onset). Often caused by damage to the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
hippocampus.
Retrograde Amnesia - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is the loss of old
| | | | | | | | |
memories from before an event or illness.
| | | | | |
Short Term Memory (STM) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is of limited
| | | | | | | | |
capacity (7+/-2 bits of information) and degrades quickly over a matter
| | | | | | | | | | |
of seconds if information is not held via a means such as rehearsal, or
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
transferred to long term memory; does not accommodate more than a
| | | | | | | | | | |
,few thoughts, ideas, or bits of information at a time; as new bits arrive
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
they may take the place of others or simply degrade; uses phonological
| | | | | | | | | | | |
coding, relying on an acoustic code
| | | | |
Long Term Memory (LTM) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is of unlimited
| | | | | | | | |
capacity and relatively permanent except for models that suggest that
| | | | | | | | | |
loss of information through forgetting is possible. neuropsychologists
| | | | | | | |
are referring to the specific ability to register information (encode),
| | | | | | | | | |
organize the information in a meaningful way (storage), and recall or
| | | | | | | | | | |
recognize the information when needed (retrieval). The ability to learn
| | | | | | | | | |
and retain new information. Heavily uses semantic coding, or the
| | | | | | | | | |
associative meaning value of information to be remembered.
| | | | | | |
Remote Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-concerns memory for long-
| | | | | | |
past events |
Declarative Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is explicit and accessible
| | | | | | | |
to conscious awareness; there is no one memory storage system; most
| | | | | | | | | | |
neuropsychologists think of the memory as being ultimately stored in | | | | | | | | | |
the area where it was 1st processed; the function of this system is to
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
process the information in such ways as to tag it or consolidate it for
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
storage in the brain. | | |
Three Constellations of brain structures in declarative memory -
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CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the first centers around the medial temporal
| | | | | | | |
, lobes, the second around the diencephalon, and the third in the basal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
forebrain; information funnels into the hippocampus
| | | | |
Procedural Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is usually implicit, and a
| | | | | | | | |
person demonstrates it via performance; concerns the learning of
| | | | | | | | |
procedures, rules, or skills manifested through performance rather than
| | | | | | | | |
verbalization, although conscious awareness may aid procedural
| | | | | | |
learning.
Non-declarative Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-"habit memory";
| | | | |
"procedural memory"; "Implicit Memory"; One area of nondeclarative
| | | | | | | | |
memory concerns perceptual motor adaptation & skill acquisition
| | | | | | |
Episodic Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-refers to individual episodes,
| | | | | | | |
usually autobiographical, that have specific spatial and temporal tags in
| | | | | | | | | |
memory
Semantic Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-refers to memory for
| | | | | | | |
information and facts that have no specific time tag reference. (trivia is
| | | | | | | | | | | |
an example of this memory)
| | | |
Implicit Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-implies influence by prior
| | | | | | | |
experience without conscious awareness of the event.
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Answers
Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-forms the basis of experience and
| | | | | | | | |
perception of self; it is dynamic and malleable; it allows people to travel
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
back in time; pervades most aspects of human experience; the
| | | | | | | | | |
foundation of social communication; it is parceled into subsystems
| | | | | | | | |
based on ideas of storage and processing; it is a fragile system, affected
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
by many disorders, including dementias, such as alzheimer's, toxic
| | | | | | | | |
conditions, loss of oxygen, and head injury. | | | | | |
Anterograde Amnesia - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is the loss of the ability
| | | | | | | | | |
to encode and learn new information after a defined event (such as
| | | | | | | | | | | |
head injury, lesion, or disease onset). Often caused by damage to the
| | | | | | | | | | | |
hippocampus.
Retrograde Amnesia - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is the loss of old
| | | | | | | | |
memories from before an event or illness.
| | | | | |
Short Term Memory (STM) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is of limited
| | | | | | | | |
capacity (7+/-2 bits of information) and degrades quickly over a matter
| | | | | | | | | | |
of seconds if information is not held via a means such as rehearsal, or
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
transferred to long term memory; does not accommodate more than a
| | | | | | | | | | |
,few thoughts, ideas, or bits of information at a time; as new bits arrive
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
they may take the place of others or simply degrade; uses phonological
| | | | | | | | | | | |
coding, relying on an acoustic code
| | | | |
Long Term Memory (LTM) - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is of unlimited
| | | | | | | | |
capacity and relatively permanent except for models that suggest that
| | | | | | | | | |
loss of information through forgetting is possible. neuropsychologists
| | | | | | | |
are referring to the specific ability to register information (encode),
| | | | | | | | | |
organize the information in a meaningful way (storage), and recall or
| | | | | | | | | | |
recognize the information when needed (retrieval). The ability to learn
| | | | | | | | | |
and retain new information. Heavily uses semantic coding, or the
| | | | | | | | | |
associative meaning value of information to be remembered.
| | | | | | |
Remote Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-concerns memory for long-
| | | | | | |
past events |
Declarative Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is explicit and accessible
| | | | | | | |
to conscious awareness; there is no one memory storage system; most
| | | | | | | | | | |
neuropsychologists think of the memory as being ultimately stored in | | | | | | | | | |
the area where it was 1st processed; the function of this system is to
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
process the information in such ways as to tag it or consolidate it for
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
storage in the brain. | | |
Three Constellations of brain structures in declarative memory -
| | | | | | | | |
CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-the first centers around the medial temporal
| | | | | | | |
, lobes, the second around the diencephalon, and the third in the basal
| | | | | | | | | | | |
forebrain; information funnels into the hippocampus
| | | | |
Procedural Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-is usually implicit, and a
| | | | | | | | |
person demonstrates it via performance; concerns the learning of
| | | | | | | | |
procedures, rules, or skills manifested through performance rather than
| | | | | | | | |
verbalization, although conscious awareness may aid procedural
| | | | | | |
learning.
Non-declarative Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-"habit memory";
| | | | |
"procedural memory"; "Implicit Memory"; One area of nondeclarative
| | | | | | | | |
memory concerns perceptual motor adaptation & skill acquisition
| | | | | | |
Episodic Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-refers to individual episodes,
| | | | | | | |
usually autobiographical, that have specific spatial and temporal tags in
| | | | | | | | | |
memory
Semantic Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-refers to memory for
| | | | | | | |
information and facts that have no specific time tag reference. (trivia is
| | | | | | | | | | | |
an example of this memory)
| | | |
Implicit Memory - CORRECT ANSWER✔✔-implies influence by prior
| | | | | | | |
experience without conscious awareness of the event.
| | | | | |
