ECPI NUR 164 Chapters 1-7
Questions With Complete Solutions
1. A nursing student is presenting a report on influential women in nursing history.
Which nursing leader is CORRECTLY matched with her historical contribution?
a. Harriet Tubman — Founder of the American Red Cross
b. Mary Breckenridge — Frontier nursing and establishment of nurse-midwifery in the
United States
c. Sojourner Truth — Public health nursing and the Henry Street Settlement
d. Clara Barton — Active in the Underground Railroad
Answer: b
Rationale: Mary Breckenridge established the Frontier Nursing Service in the United
States. Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross, and Harriet Tubman was active in
the Underground Railroad .
2. Which of the following is the central focus in all definitions of nursing?
a. The physician
b. The hospital
c. The patient
d. The nursing process
Answer: c
, 3. Which nursing leader is known as the "Mother of Modern Nursing"?
a. Clara Barton
b. Mary Breckenridge
c. Florence Nightingale
d. Lillian Wald
Answer: c
4. What are the four early civilizations/Historical perspectives to the 16th century?
a. Theory of animism, Ancient Greek civilization, Early Christian period, and 16th century
b. Egyptian, Roman, Byzantine, and Medieval periods
c. Ancient Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Renaissance
d. Theory of animism, Roman civilization, Early Christian period, and Renaissance
Answer: a
Rationale: The four historical perspectives that shaped nursing include the Theory of
Animism (good spirits brought health; evil spirits brought sickness), Ancient Greek
civilization (temples became centers of medical care), Early Christian period (nursing role
became more formal), and the 16th century (shift from religious orientation to warfare
and exploration) .
5. The theory of animism believed that:
a. Good spirits brought health; evil spirits brought sickness and death
b. All illness was caused by bacterial infection
c. Medicine was the only cure for disease
d. Nurses had no role in healthcare
Answer: a
, 6. During the Ancient Greek civilization, nurses:
a. Were not allowed to practice
b. Cared for the sick in the home and community and practiced as nurse-midwives
c. Only worked in hospitals
d. Were considered equal to physicians
Answer: b
7. During the 16th century, which event contributed to nursing's poor reputation?
a. The Crusades
b. Shortage of nurses led to recruitment of female criminals to care for the sick
c. Establishment of the first nursing school
d. Discovery of bacteria
Answer: b
8. What contributions did Florence Nightingale make to nursing?
a. She challenged prejudices against women and elevated the status of all nurses
b. She established the first training school for nurses
c. She wrote books about health care and nursing education
d. All of the above
Answer: d
9. During World War II, what changes occurred in nursing?
, a. Large numbers of women worked outside the home and became more independent
and assertive
b. Explosion in medicine and technology broadened the role of nurses
c. Growth of nursing as a professional discipline
d. All of the above
Answer: d
10. The QSEN competencies include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Patient-centered care
b. Teamwork and collaboration
c. Financial management
d. Evidence-based practice
Answer: c
Rationale: The QSEN (Quality and Safety Education for Nurses) competencies are:
Patient-centered care, Teamwork and collaboration, Evidence-based practice, Quality
improvement, Safety, and Informatics .
11. The aims of nursing include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. To promote health
b. To prevent illness
c. To increase hospital profits
d. To restore health
Answer: c
12. What is the definition of nursing originating from the Latin word?
a. Nutrix (to nourish)
Questions With Complete Solutions
1. A nursing student is presenting a report on influential women in nursing history.
Which nursing leader is CORRECTLY matched with her historical contribution?
a. Harriet Tubman — Founder of the American Red Cross
b. Mary Breckenridge — Frontier nursing and establishment of nurse-midwifery in the
United States
c. Sojourner Truth — Public health nursing and the Henry Street Settlement
d. Clara Barton — Active in the Underground Railroad
Answer: b
Rationale: Mary Breckenridge established the Frontier Nursing Service in the United
States. Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross, and Harriet Tubman was active in
the Underground Railroad .
2. Which of the following is the central focus in all definitions of nursing?
a. The physician
b. The hospital
c. The patient
d. The nursing process
Answer: c
, 3. Which nursing leader is known as the "Mother of Modern Nursing"?
a. Clara Barton
b. Mary Breckenridge
c. Florence Nightingale
d. Lillian Wald
Answer: c
4. What are the four early civilizations/Historical perspectives to the 16th century?
a. Theory of animism, Ancient Greek civilization, Early Christian period, and 16th century
b. Egyptian, Roman, Byzantine, and Medieval periods
c. Ancient Greek, Roman, Byzantine, and Renaissance
d. Theory of animism, Roman civilization, Early Christian period, and Renaissance
Answer: a
Rationale: The four historical perspectives that shaped nursing include the Theory of
Animism (good spirits brought health; evil spirits brought sickness), Ancient Greek
civilization (temples became centers of medical care), Early Christian period (nursing role
became more formal), and the 16th century (shift from religious orientation to warfare
and exploration) .
5. The theory of animism believed that:
a. Good spirits brought health; evil spirits brought sickness and death
b. All illness was caused by bacterial infection
c. Medicine was the only cure for disease
d. Nurses had no role in healthcare
Answer: a
, 6. During the Ancient Greek civilization, nurses:
a. Were not allowed to practice
b. Cared for the sick in the home and community and practiced as nurse-midwives
c. Only worked in hospitals
d. Were considered equal to physicians
Answer: b
7. During the 16th century, which event contributed to nursing's poor reputation?
a. The Crusades
b. Shortage of nurses led to recruitment of female criminals to care for the sick
c. Establishment of the first nursing school
d. Discovery of bacteria
Answer: b
8. What contributions did Florence Nightingale make to nursing?
a. She challenged prejudices against women and elevated the status of all nurses
b. She established the first training school for nurses
c. She wrote books about health care and nursing education
d. All of the above
Answer: d
9. During World War II, what changes occurred in nursing?
, a. Large numbers of women worked outside the home and became more independent
and assertive
b. Explosion in medicine and technology broadened the role of nurses
c. Growth of nursing as a professional discipline
d. All of the above
Answer: d
10. The QSEN competencies include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. Patient-centered care
b. Teamwork and collaboration
c. Financial management
d. Evidence-based practice
Answer: c
Rationale: The QSEN (Quality and Safety Education for Nurses) competencies are:
Patient-centered care, Teamwork and collaboration, Evidence-based practice, Quality
improvement, Safety, and Informatics .
11. The aims of nursing include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. To promote health
b. To prevent illness
c. To increase hospital profits
d. To restore health
Answer: c
12. What is the definition of nursing originating from the Latin word?
a. Nutrix (to nourish)
