PSY 200 NVCC COMPREHENSIVE EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔draw inferences? - ✔✔tells scientists what kinds of conclusions or inferences can be
drawn from observed differences between experimental and control groups
- if p<.05, it means that the odds the results would have occurred if random assignment
had failed are less than 5%, and given that the results did occur, a failure of random
assignment is unlikely to have happened
✔✔What is the case method? - ✔✔procedure for gathering scientific information by
studying a single individual usually because a single individual or their case is so
remarkable and rare
✔✔What is a population? - ✔✔complete collection of people
✔✔What is a sample? - ✔✔a partial collection of people drawn from a population
✔✔What is random sampling? - ✔✔a technique for choosing participants that ensures
that every member of a population has an equal chance of being included in the sample
✔✔What are the ethical guidelines for research with human participants - ✔✔1)
research should show respect for persons and their right to make decisions for and
about themselves without undue influence or coercion
2) research should be beneficent, which means that it should attempt to maximize
benefits and reduce risks to the participant
3) research should be just, meaning that it should distribute benefits and risks equally to
participants without prejudice toward particular individuals or groups
✔✔What are neurons? - ✔✔cella in the nervous system that communicate with one
another to perform information-processing tasks.
✔✔What is the cell body? - ✔✔The part of neuron that coordinates information-
processing tasks and keep cells alive.
, ✔✔Dendrites? - ✔✔the part of the neuron that receives information from other neurons
and relays it to the cell body.
✔✔Axons - ✔✔The part of a neuron that carries information to other neurons, muscles
and glands
✔✔What are glial cells? - ✔✔Support cells found in the nervous system
✔✔What is the myelin sheath? - ✔✔An insulating layer of fatty material
✔✔What is a synapse? - ✔✔The junction or region between the axon of one neuron
and the dendrites or cell body of another
✔✔What are three types of neurons? - ✔✔sensory, motor, interneurons
✔✔What is the resting potential? - ✔✔the difference in electric charge between the
inside and outside of a neuron's cell membrane
✔✔What is an action potential - ✔✔An electric signal that is conducted along a neuron's
axon to synapse
✔✔Why is transmission faster in neurons that are insulated with a myelin sheath? -
✔✔there are holes in myelin sheath
✔✔What is the refractory period? - ✔✔a period immediately following stimulation during
which a nerve or muscle is unresponsive to further stimulation.
✔✔Is communication between neurons electrical or chemical? - ✔✔Chemical
✔✔What are terminal buttons? - ✔✔Knobelike structures that branch out from an axon
✔✔What are neurotransmitters? - ✔✔Chemicals that transmit information across the
synapse to receiving neuron's dendrites.
✔✔What are the three ways the synapse is cleared? - ✔✔1) degrade with enzyme in
synapse
2) reuptake by astrocyte or terminal bulb
3) diffusion away from the synapse
✔✔What are neurotransmitters - ✔✔Chemicals that transmit information across the
synapse to receiving neuron's dendrites
AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔draw inferences? - ✔✔tells scientists what kinds of conclusions or inferences can be
drawn from observed differences between experimental and control groups
- if p<.05, it means that the odds the results would have occurred if random assignment
had failed are less than 5%, and given that the results did occur, a failure of random
assignment is unlikely to have happened
✔✔What is the case method? - ✔✔procedure for gathering scientific information by
studying a single individual usually because a single individual or their case is so
remarkable and rare
✔✔What is a population? - ✔✔complete collection of people
✔✔What is a sample? - ✔✔a partial collection of people drawn from a population
✔✔What is random sampling? - ✔✔a technique for choosing participants that ensures
that every member of a population has an equal chance of being included in the sample
✔✔What are the ethical guidelines for research with human participants - ✔✔1)
research should show respect for persons and their right to make decisions for and
about themselves without undue influence or coercion
2) research should be beneficent, which means that it should attempt to maximize
benefits and reduce risks to the participant
3) research should be just, meaning that it should distribute benefits and risks equally to
participants without prejudice toward particular individuals or groups
✔✔What are neurons? - ✔✔cella in the nervous system that communicate with one
another to perform information-processing tasks.
✔✔What is the cell body? - ✔✔The part of neuron that coordinates information-
processing tasks and keep cells alive.
, ✔✔Dendrites? - ✔✔the part of the neuron that receives information from other neurons
and relays it to the cell body.
✔✔Axons - ✔✔The part of a neuron that carries information to other neurons, muscles
and glands
✔✔What are glial cells? - ✔✔Support cells found in the nervous system
✔✔What is the myelin sheath? - ✔✔An insulating layer of fatty material
✔✔What is a synapse? - ✔✔The junction or region between the axon of one neuron
and the dendrites or cell body of another
✔✔What are three types of neurons? - ✔✔sensory, motor, interneurons
✔✔What is the resting potential? - ✔✔the difference in electric charge between the
inside and outside of a neuron's cell membrane
✔✔What is an action potential - ✔✔An electric signal that is conducted along a neuron's
axon to synapse
✔✔Why is transmission faster in neurons that are insulated with a myelin sheath? -
✔✔there are holes in myelin sheath
✔✔What is the refractory period? - ✔✔a period immediately following stimulation during
which a nerve or muscle is unresponsive to further stimulation.
✔✔Is communication between neurons electrical or chemical? - ✔✔Chemical
✔✔What are terminal buttons? - ✔✔Knobelike structures that branch out from an axon
✔✔What are neurotransmitters? - ✔✔Chemicals that transmit information across the
synapse to receiving neuron's dendrites.
✔✔What are the three ways the synapse is cleared? - ✔✔1) degrade with enzyme in
synapse
2) reuptake by astrocyte or terminal bulb
3) diffusion away from the synapse
✔✔What are neurotransmitters - ✔✔Chemicals that transmit information across the
synapse to receiving neuron's dendrites
