portage microbiology module 4 Exam
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions | Latest Updated 2026
growth requirements necessary for - nutrients
growth and survival - temperature
- pH
growth requirements: nutrients carbon
- carbon dioxide: auto-
- organic compouns: hetero-
oxygen
- ROS
- obligate aerobes
- obligate anaerobes
- facultative anaerobes
nitrogen
- nucleic acids
- growth limiting nutrient
trace elements
growth factors
obligate aerobes enzymes and antioxidants protect from
ROS
require O2
seen at top of solution near the O2
obligate anaerobes ROS toxic
killed by O2
at very bottom of solution
,facultative anaerobes live in environments with or wothout
oxygen
grow better with oxygen but can live
without
dispersed evenly in solution
Toxic reactive oxygen species -1O2, O2-, O2 2-, OH-
(ROS)
role of nitrogen as a growth - 14% of dry weight of bacterial cells
requirement - necessary to build proteins and nucleic
acids
- growth limiting nutrient
trace elements minuscule amount necessary to support
metabolism
growth factors organic chemicals needed in small
quantities to
support metabolism
amino acids, cholesterol, heme, NADH,
Niacin,
PABA
temperature as a growth psychrophiles: really cold -20-10c
requirement psychrotrophs: room temp 0-30 c
mesophiles: human body temp 10-50 c
thermophiles: hot/near boilign water 40-75
c
extreme thermophiles: boiling/extreme
heat
65-120 c
, growth requirement: pH pH measures hydrogen ions
acidophiles: bacteria and fungi, extreme
acidity, 0-
7, 0 has more H+
neutrophiles: 7-10, baking soda, seawater
alkalinophiles: very basic, household
cleaners,
sodium hydroxide
pure water pH 7 (neutral)
culturing microorganisms culturing confirms an infection diagnosis by
isolating and growing the microorganism
for
identification purposes
inoculum sample of the microbe
medium brith or solid media
culture the microbes grown in the medi
colonies clusters of cells arising from 1 parent cell
Questions and Answers with Verified
Solutions | Latest Updated 2026
growth requirements necessary for - nutrients
growth and survival - temperature
- pH
growth requirements: nutrients carbon
- carbon dioxide: auto-
- organic compouns: hetero-
oxygen
- ROS
- obligate aerobes
- obligate anaerobes
- facultative anaerobes
nitrogen
- nucleic acids
- growth limiting nutrient
trace elements
growth factors
obligate aerobes enzymes and antioxidants protect from
ROS
require O2
seen at top of solution near the O2
obligate anaerobes ROS toxic
killed by O2
at very bottom of solution
,facultative anaerobes live in environments with or wothout
oxygen
grow better with oxygen but can live
without
dispersed evenly in solution
Toxic reactive oxygen species -1O2, O2-, O2 2-, OH-
(ROS)
role of nitrogen as a growth - 14% of dry weight of bacterial cells
requirement - necessary to build proteins and nucleic
acids
- growth limiting nutrient
trace elements minuscule amount necessary to support
metabolism
growth factors organic chemicals needed in small
quantities to
support metabolism
amino acids, cholesterol, heme, NADH,
Niacin,
PABA
temperature as a growth psychrophiles: really cold -20-10c
requirement psychrotrophs: room temp 0-30 c
mesophiles: human body temp 10-50 c
thermophiles: hot/near boilign water 40-75
c
extreme thermophiles: boiling/extreme
heat
65-120 c
, growth requirement: pH pH measures hydrogen ions
acidophiles: bacteria and fungi, extreme
acidity, 0-
7, 0 has more H+
neutrophiles: 7-10, baking soda, seawater
alkalinophiles: very basic, household
cleaners,
sodium hydroxide
pure water pH 7 (neutral)
culturing microorganisms culturing confirms an infection diagnosis by
isolating and growing the microorganism
for
identification purposes
inoculum sample of the microbe
medium brith or solid media
culture the microbes grown in the medi
colonies clusters of cells arising from 1 parent cell
