PGA PGM 3.0 EXAMS STUDY GUIDE ALL
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Based on research, at what speed should a skill be mentally rehearsed prior to
actual performance? - ✔✔The same as actual performance (the same speed)
✔✔What is an effective means of helping a beginner to use motor imagery to improve
performance? - ✔✔Combine with physical performance
✔✔What situation justifies substituting mental practice for physical practice? - ✔✔When
the student cannot physically practice
✔✔According to research, what will optimize performance when combining mental and
physical practice? - ✔✔Recall past shots, execute prior memory
✔✔What is an example of "Form Focus of Attention"? - ✔✔Stance, ball position,
posture
✔✔What is an example of retroactive transfer? - ✔✔Subsequent learning of a skill
affects ability to perform previous acquired skill
,✔✔What is the influence of a previous skill on the current skill to be learned regardless
of whether the influence is positive or negative? - ✔✔Proactive transfer
✔✔Addison has acquired a new student who previously played ice hockey. During the
opening interview, Addison asks questions to find out ways he can take advantage of
previous learning, what skills to teach, and what order to teach them. This is an
example of what learning transfer concept? - ✔✔Proactive transfer
✔✔What determines the transfer of golf skill learning? - ✔✔Time, structural similarity,
skills and goals, skill level
✔✔What conditions lead to greater learning transfer? - ✔✔Same/similar conditions,
same/similar skills
✔✔What term is used to describe transferring a learned skill of a 20-foot chip onto a
practice green to a 50-foot chip on the same practice green? - ✔✔Response
generalization
✔✔What type of transfer likely occurs when applying the skill of a 20-foot chip learned
in practice to a situation for a 20-foot chip in a club championship tournament? -
✔✔Slightly positive transfer
✔✔What term is used to describe learning the skill of putting on a practice green and
effectively transferring to various greens on the golf course? - ✔✔Stimulus
generalization
✔✔How is the "transfer effect" most likely to influence a situation where a player with an
over-the-top down swing is being taught to drop the club below the shaft plane? -
✔✔Negatively
✔✔A student and his coach have been practicing high pitch shots from tight lies that he
expects to find on the golf course for an upcoming tournament. What best describes the
learning transfer concept involved in this situation? - ✔✔Stimulus generalization
✔✔A relatively new golfer has taken a series of golf lessons beginning with putting, then
chipping, then pitching, and most recently full swing with his irons. He has been able to
transfer the relationship of impact from previous lessons to his full swing. Why has this
student succeeded in his golf learning? - ✔✔Learning was retained and positively
transferred between lessons
✔✔What approach is recommended to optimize learning transfer of a golf skill? -
✔✔Simulating practice at a level of difficulty that is similar to actual playing conditions
,✔✔What is an example of a pre-swing adjustment? - ✔✔Posture, ball position, grip,
alignment
✔✔Are some pre-swing changes that influence swing execution more challenging to
learn and implement than others? (True/False) - ✔✔True
✔✔What adjustments are recommended prior to making in-swing adjustments? -
✔✔Pre-swing adjustments
✔✔What types of changes are easiest to learn and often result in rapid improvement in
performance? - ✔✔Pre-swing adjustments
✔✔What is lacking when newly introduced swing changes are lost between lessons? -
✔✔The amount of neural change
✔✔A student has been coming over the top on the downswing and is trying to change
his movement in the opposite direction by dropping the club to the inside on the
downswing. What will most likely occur? - ✔✔Negative transfer effect, interference with
the new swing
✔✔How can a student overcome negative effect or interference in competitive pressure
situations? - ✔✔Increase the amount of practice under both practice and playing
conditions until new movements are strongly established
✔✔What is an example of movement? - ✔✔Learning to transition from one position to
another
✔✔What is expected when other neural networks positively transfer to the new swing
movements? - ✔✔Less practice is needed to facilitate performance
✔✔What is an example of interference or negative transfer? - ✔✔Old swing movements
trump new swing thoughts
✔✔An instructor at Ray Ranch GC, has been approached by a long-time student of
hers about making a major swing change. When is it appropriate to tell her student that
the swing change could adversely affect his playing performance? - ✔✔Before making
the change, thoroughly think through the advantages and disadvantages.
✔✔What are the two major ways to structure swing change movements through
rehearsal? - ✔✔Skills practice and transfer practice
, ✔✔What should a teacher or coach do when a student becomes frustrated when trying
to make a challenging swing change? - ✔✔Be prepared to accept blame, take pressure
off, work on what the student does well
✔✔Why is it important to avoid placing pronounced importance on the 18-hole score? -
✔✔Creates unnecessary added pressure and takes focus away from the process of
playing
✔✔What step in the pre-shot routine is helpful to a player who wants to trust their
swing? - ✔✔Committing 100%
✔✔What is a critical on-course variable of the mental game? - ✔✔Managing emotions
and thinking effectively
✔✔What is the most important shot in golf? - ✔✔The one about to be played
✔✔What is on way that players can achieve realistic goals? - ✔✔Keep the level of belief
within the realm of reality
✔✔A player sees water on the left side of the hole and then begins to visualize a fade
for the tee shot. What is the player focusing on? - ✔✔Type of shot to be played
✔✔How can a player play smart? - ✔✔Playing away from trouble, playing to strengths,
low risk
✔✔What is a mental game problem associated with confident play? -
✔✔Overconfidence to cover self-doubt
✔✔The director of golf and his two managers are on a golf outing which the managers
are scoring better. What is the mental game danger posed by this situation? -
✔✔Placing too much importance on playing outcome
✔✔What is the reason that players should accept poor shot outcomes with the good
ones? - ✔✔Keep the player in the past and distracts the player from the present
✔✔What should a player do after he selects an intermediate target, addresses the ball
and reminds himself not to pick up the club on the backswing? - ✔✔Use positive self-
talk just prior to hitting the shot
✔✔What does positive self-talk accomplish? - ✔✔Enhances a player's confidence level
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS SURE A+
✔✔Based on research, at what speed should a skill be mentally rehearsed prior to
actual performance? - ✔✔The same as actual performance (the same speed)
✔✔What is an effective means of helping a beginner to use motor imagery to improve
performance? - ✔✔Combine with physical performance
✔✔What situation justifies substituting mental practice for physical practice? - ✔✔When
the student cannot physically practice
✔✔According to research, what will optimize performance when combining mental and
physical practice? - ✔✔Recall past shots, execute prior memory
✔✔What is an example of "Form Focus of Attention"? - ✔✔Stance, ball position,
posture
✔✔What is an example of retroactive transfer? - ✔✔Subsequent learning of a skill
affects ability to perform previous acquired skill
,✔✔What is the influence of a previous skill on the current skill to be learned regardless
of whether the influence is positive or negative? - ✔✔Proactive transfer
✔✔Addison has acquired a new student who previously played ice hockey. During the
opening interview, Addison asks questions to find out ways he can take advantage of
previous learning, what skills to teach, and what order to teach them. This is an
example of what learning transfer concept? - ✔✔Proactive transfer
✔✔What determines the transfer of golf skill learning? - ✔✔Time, structural similarity,
skills and goals, skill level
✔✔What conditions lead to greater learning transfer? - ✔✔Same/similar conditions,
same/similar skills
✔✔What term is used to describe transferring a learned skill of a 20-foot chip onto a
practice green to a 50-foot chip on the same practice green? - ✔✔Response
generalization
✔✔What type of transfer likely occurs when applying the skill of a 20-foot chip learned
in practice to a situation for a 20-foot chip in a club championship tournament? -
✔✔Slightly positive transfer
✔✔What term is used to describe learning the skill of putting on a practice green and
effectively transferring to various greens on the golf course? - ✔✔Stimulus
generalization
✔✔How is the "transfer effect" most likely to influence a situation where a player with an
over-the-top down swing is being taught to drop the club below the shaft plane? -
✔✔Negatively
✔✔A student and his coach have been practicing high pitch shots from tight lies that he
expects to find on the golf course for an upcoming tournament. What best describes the
learning transfer concept involved in this situation? - ✔✔Stimulus generalization
✔✔A relatively new golfer has taken a series of golf lessons beginning with putting, then
chipping, then pitching, and most recently full swing with his irons. He has been able to
transfer the relationship of impact from previous lessons to his full swing. Why has this
student succeeded in his golf learning? - ✔✔Learning was retained and positively
transferred between lessons
✔✔What approach is recommended to optimize learning transfer of a golf skill? -
✔✔Simulating practice at a level of difficulty that is similar to actual playing conditions
,✔✔What is an example of a pre-swing adjustment? - ✔✔Posture, ball position, grip,
alignment
✔✔Are some pre-swing changes that influence swing execution more challenging to
learn and implement than others? (True/False) - ✔✔True
✔✔What adjustments are recommended prior to making in-swing adjustments? -
✔✔Pre-swing adjustments
✔✔What types of changes are easiest to learn and often result in rapid improvement in
performance? - ✔✔Pre-swing adjustments
✔✔What is lacking when newly introduced swing changes are lost between lessons? -
✔✔The amount of neural change
✔✔A student has been coming over the top on the downswing and is trying to change
his movement in the opposite direction by dropping the club to the inside on the
downswing. What will most likely occur? - ✔✔Negative transfer effect, interference with
the new swing
✔✔How can a student overcome negative effect or interference in competitive pressure
situations? - ✔✔Increase the amount of practice under both practice and playing
conditions until new movements are strongly established
✔✔What is an example of movement? - ✔✔Learning to transition from one position to
another
✔✔What is expected when other neural networks positively transfer to the new swing
movements? - ✔✔Less practice is needed to facilitate performance
✔✔What is an example of interference or negative transfer? - ✔✔Old swing movements
trump new swing thoughts
✔✔An instructor at Ray Ranch GC, has been approached by a long-time student of
hers about making a major swing change. When is it appropriate to tell her student that
the swing change could adversely affect his playing performance? - ✔✔Before making
the change, thoroughly think through the advantages and disadvantages.
✔✔What are the two major ways to structure swing change movements through
rehearsal? - ✔✔Skills practice and transfer practice
, ✔✔What should a teacher or coach do when a student becomes frustrated when trying
to make a challenging swing change? - ✔✔Be prepared to accept blame, take pressure
off, work on what the student does well
✔✔Why is it important to avoid placing pronounced importance on the 18-hole score? -
✔✔Creates unnecessary added pressure and takes focus away from the process of
playing
✔✔What step in the pre-shot routine is helpful to a player who wants to trust their
swing? - ✔✔Committing 100%
✔✔What is a critical on-course variable of the mental game? - ✔✔Managing emotions
and thinking effectively
✔✔What is the most important shot in golf? - ✔✔The one about to be played
✔✔What is on way that players can achieve realistic goals? - ✔✔Keep the level of belief
within the realm of reality
✔✔A player sees water on the left side of the hole and then begins to visualize a fade
for the tee shot. What is the player focusing on? - ✔✔Type of shot to be played
✔✔How can a player play smart? - ✔✔Playing away from trouble, playing to strengths,
low risk
✔✔What is a mental game problem associated with confident play? -
✔✔Overconfidence to cover self-doubt
✔✔The director of golf and his two managers are on a golf outing which the managers
are scoring better. What is the mental game danger posed by this situation? -
✔✔Placing too much importance on playing outcome
✔✔What is the reason that players should accept poor shot outcomes with the good
ones? - ✔✔Keep the player in the past and distracts the player from the present
✔✔What should a player do after he selects an intermediate target, addresses the ball
and reminds himself not to pick up the club on the backswing? - ✔✔Use positive self-
talk just prior to hitting the shot
✔✔What does positive self-talk accomplish? - ✔✔Enhances a player's confidence level
