AORN PERIOP 101 FINAL PRACTICE
PACK 2026 TESTED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
◉ Liability.
Answer: A legal responsibility
◉ Negligence.
Answer: An act or failure to act that deviates from the standard of care
◉ Nursing Malpractice.
Answer: A nurse's negligence or any intentional act that causes physical,
financial, emotional, psychosocial, and/or cognitive damage to the
person in the nurse's care
◉ Respondeat Superior.
Answer: An employer is legally responsible for the nurse employee only
when:
o The nurse acts within the scope of practice
o Any allegations brought against the nurse occurred during the nurse's
employment
o The nurse's actions were within the employer's best interests.
◉ Tort.
Answer: A breach of duty to another person as outlined by law
,◉ What are the four elements of malpractice?.
Answer: • Duty
• Breach of duty
• The breach of duty caused an injury
• The injury was harmful to the patient
◉ Elements of Informed Consent.
Answer: • Must be obtained by the licensed professional who is
performing the procedure
• The patient must give consent voluntarily with the full understanding
of all implications
• Must include
o Diagnosis
o Proposed treatment
o Treatment alternatives
o Consequences of accepting or declining the proposed treatment
◉ Five Rights of Delegation.
Answer: Right task
Right circumstance
Right person
Right communication and direction
Right supervision and evaluation
,◉ Four types of patient privacy health care providers and personnel have
an ethical and legal responsibility to always maintain.
Answer: • Medical information
• Physical exposure
• Personal privacy
• Electronic privacy
◉ Eight factors to consider before determining what anesthetic to use for
a particular patient.
Answer: • Patient's age
• Length & type of surgery
• Patient & surgeon preferences
• Patient's co-existing diseases
• Patient's mental & psychological status
• Patient's previous experiences with anesthesia
• Plans & protocols for postoperative pain management
• Position of the patient during surgery
◉ The American Society of Anesthesiologist's NPO Guidelines.
Answer: • Clear liquids - stop 2 hours before surgery
• Breast milk - stop 4 hours before surgery
• Infant formula - stop 6 hours before surgery
• Light meal (toast & a clear liquid) - stop 6 hours before surgery
, • Fried foods, fatty foods, meat - stop 8 hours before surgery
◉ Circulator RN duties during Induction of anesthesia and assisting
anesthesia professional with Cricoid Pressure.
Answer: • Cricoid pressure application is not released until the
endotracheal (ET) tube cuff is inflated, tube placement is confirmed, and
anesthesia provider has given a verbal confirmation to the nurse that the
cricoid pressure can be released.
• If intubation or ventilation of the patient becomes difficult, the
perioperative nurse should retrieve additional airway equipment and
supplies.
◉ General anesthesia.
Answer: • A drug-induced reversible state of unconsciousness
• Results in amnesia, analgesia, and loss of responsiveness, decreased
stress response, and loss of skeletal muscle reflexes to a varying degree
◉ Regional anesthesia.
Answer: • An injection of local anesthetics near nerve fibers that causes
reversible loss of sensation over an area of the body
• Examples include spinal, epidural, and peripheral nerve blocks.
◉ Monitored anesthesia care (MAC).
Answer: An anesthesia provider monitors the patient, administers
sedatives and other agents as needed, and provides medical services as
required.
PACK 2026 TESTED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
◉ Liability.
Answer: A legal responsibility
◉ Negligence.
Answer: An act or failure to act that deviates from the standard of care
◉ Nursing Malpractice.
Answer: A nurse's negligence or any intentional act that causes physical,
financial, emotional, psychosocial, and/or cognitive damage to the
person in the nurse's care
◉ Respondeat Superior.
Answer: An employer is legally responsible for the nurse employee only
when:
o The nurse acts within the scope of practice
o Any allegations brought against the nurse occurred during the nurse's
employment
o The nurse's actions were within the employer's best interests.
◉ Tort.
Answer: A breach of duty to another person as outlined by law
,◉ What are the four elements of malpractice?.
Answer: • Duty
• Breach of duty
• The breach of duty caused an injury
• The injury was harmful to the patient
◉ Elements of Informed Consent.
Answer: • Must be obtained by the licensed professional who is
performing the procedure
• The patient must give consent voluntarily with the full understanding
of all implications
• Must include
o Diagnosis
o Proposed treatment
o Treatment alternatives
o Consequences of accepting or declining the proposed treatment
◉ Five Rights of Delegation.
Answer: Right task
Right circumstance
Right person
Right communication and direction
Right supervision and evaluation
,◉ Four types of patient privacy health care providers and personnel have
an ethical and legal responsibility to always maintain.
Answer: • Medical information
• Physical exposure
• Personal privacy
• Electronic privacy
◉ Eight factors to consider before determining what anesthetic to use for
a particular patient.
Answer: • Patient's age
• Length & type of surgery
• Patient & surgeon preferences
• Patient's co-existing diseases
• Patient's mental & psychological status
• Patient's previous experiences with anesthesia
• Plans & protocols for postoperative pain management
• Position of the patient during surgery
◉ The American Society of Anesthesiologist's NPO Guidelines.
Answer: • Clear liquids - stop 2 hours before surgery
• Breast milk - stop 4 hours before surgery
• Infant formula - stop 6 hours before surgery
• Light meal (toast & a clear liquid) - stop 6 hours before surgery
, • Fried foods, fatty foods, meat - stop 8 hours before surgery
◉ Circulator RN duties during Induction of anesthesia and assisting
anesthesia professional with Cricoid Pressure.
Answer: • Cricoid pressure application is not released until the
endotracheal (ET) tube cuff is inflated, tube placement is confirmed, and
anesthesia provider has given a verbal confirmation to the nurse that the
cricoid pressure can be released.
• If intubation or ventilation of the patient becomes difficult, the
perioperative nurse should retrieve additional airway equipment and
supplies.
◉ General anesthesia.
Answer: • A drug-induced reversible state of unconsciousness
• Results in amnesia, analgesia, and loss of responsiveness, decreased
stress response, and loss of skeletal muscle reflexes to a varying degree
◉ Regional anesthesia.
Answer: • An injection of local anesthetics near nerve fibers that causes
reversible loss of sensation over an area of the body
• Examples include spinal, epidural, and peripheral nerve blocks.
◉ Monitored anesthesia care (MAC).
Answer: An anesthesia provider monitors the patient, administers
sedatives and other agents as needed, and provides medical services as
required.
