NUR 265 – EXAM 4 | Questions and
Answers | 2025 Update | 100%
Correct – Galen.
SECTION 1: HIV/AIDS & OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS
Question 1
The nurse working in the ED is triaging a client who has presented with chest pain,
shortness of breath, a productive cough, and reports night sweats. The client's
health history includes the presence of AIDS and recent laboratory results that
reveal a low CD4+ count. Airborne precautions have been initiated. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take next?
A) Prepare the client for insertion of a chest tube
B) Assess the client for shingles
C) Check the client's temperature
D) Obtain a throat culture
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale: A fever is a key symptom of an AIDS exacerbation or opportunistic infection.
With airborne precautions already initiated, the priority is to assess for fever as an
indicator of infection progression. The client's presentation with chest pain, SOB,
productive cough, night sweats, and low CD4+ count suggests a possible opportunistic
infection such as Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) .
Question 2
The newly hired nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has AIDS and
was just diagnosed with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) and pain. Which
of the following interventions should the nurse preceptor question?
A) Telling the client to keep the door to the room closed at all times
B) Placing the client on a pressure-relieving mattress
C) Instructing the client to drink at least three liters of fluid throughout the day
D) Offering the client food high in calories and protein
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Placing the client on a pressure-relieving mattress is not an appropriate
intervention for PJP. PJP requires airborne precautions (door closed, negative pressure).
The client needs adequate hydration (3 L/day) and high-calorie, high-protein nutrition to
support recovery .
Question 3
The nurse is caring for a client with AIDS who has just been diagnosed with
cryptococcal meningitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A) Initiate airborne precautions for the next 72 hours
B) Initiate seizure precautions with padded side rails
C) Administer IV pentamidine isethionate
D) Thicken the client's liquids to honey consistency
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Cryptococcal meningitis can cause seizures. The nurse should initiate seizure
precautions with padded side rails to protect the client from injury. This is a priority
intervention for clients with this diagnosis .
Question 4
The nurse has provided medication instructions to a client who has HIV and has
been prescribed combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Which of the following
client statements indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?
A) "I am less likely to develop opportunistic infections once I begin taking my prescribed
medications."
B) "I should discontinue my medications if I develop severe diarrhea."
C) "I can avoid developing drug resistance if I take 90% of my drugs on time."
D) "I understand that this combination of drugs will kill the virus."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking at least 90% of antiretroviral medications on time is essential to prevent
drug resistance. ART does not kill the virus but suppresses it. Medications should not be
discontinued without provider guidance .
Question 5
The nurse working in a community health center has instructed a group of clients
who have AIDS about ways to prevent infection. Which of the following
statements, if made by a client, would indicate the need for additional teaching?
A) "I will eat plenty of fresh fruits and raw vegetables."
B) "I will make sure no one uses my deodorant or toothpaste."
C) "I will avoid planting vegetables and flowers in our garden."
D) "I will wear gloves and then wash my hands immediately if I need to change my cat's
litter box."
Correct Answer: A
Answers | 2025 Update | 100%
Correct – Galen.
SECTION 1: HIV/AIDS & OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS
Question 1
The nurse working in the ED is triaging a client who has presented with chest pain,
shortness of breath, a productive cough, and reports night sweats. The client's
health history includes the presence of AIDS and recent laboratory results that
reveal a low CD4+ count. Airborne precautions have been initiated. Which of the
following actions should the nurse take next?
A) Prepare the client for insertion of a chest tube
B) Assess the client for shingles
C) Check the client's temperature
D) Obtain a throat culture
Correct Answer: C
,Rationale: A fever is a key symptom of an AIDS exacerbation or opportunistic infection.
With airborne precautions already initiated, the priority is to assess for fever as an
indicator of infection progression. The client's presentation with chest pain, SOB,
productive cough, night sweats, and low CD4+ count suggests a possible opportunistic
infection such as Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) .
Question 2
The newly hired nurse is developing a plan of care for a client who has AIDS and
was just diagnosed with Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PJP) and pain. Which
of the following interventions should the nurse preceptor question?
A) Telling the client to keep the door to the room closed at all times
B) Placing the client on a pressure-relieving mattress
C) Instructing the client to drink at least three liters of fluid throughout the day
D) Offering the client food high in calories and protein
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Placing the client on a pressure-relieving mattress is not an appropriate
intervention for PJP. PJP requires airborne precautions (door closed, negative pressure).
The client needs adequate hydration (3 L/day) and high-calorie, high-protein nutrition to
support recovery .
Question 3
The nurse is caring for a client with AIDS who has just been diagnosed with
cryptococcal meningitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A) Initiate airborne precautions for the next 72 hours
B) Initiate seizure precautions with padded side rails
C) Administer IV pentamidine isethionate
D) Thicken the client's liquids to honey consistency
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale: Cryptococcal meningitis can cause seizures. The nurse should initiate seizure
precautions with padded side rails to protect the client from injury. This is a priority
intervention for clients with this diagnosis .
Question 4
The nurse has provided medication instructions to a client who has HIV and has
been prescribed combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Which of the following
client statements indicates a correct understanding of the teaching?
A) "I am less likely to develop opportunistic infections once I begin taking my prescribed
medications."
B) "I should discontinue my medications if I develop severe diarrhea."
C) "I can avoid developing drug resistance if I take 90% of my drugs on time."
D) "I understand that this combination of drugs will kill the virus."
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Taking at least 90% of antiretroviral medications on time is essential to prevent
drug resistance. ART does not kill the virus but suppresses it. Medications should not be
discontinued without provider guidance .
Question 5
The nurse working in a community health center has instructed a group of clients
who have AIDS about ways to prevent infection. Which of the following
statements, if made by a client, would indicate the need for additional teaching?
A) "I will eat plenty of fresh fruits and raw vegetables."
B) "I will make sure no one uses my deodorant or toothpaste."
C) "I will avoid planting vegetables and flowers in our garden."
D) "I will wear gloves and then wash my hands immediately if I need to change my cat's
litter box."
Correct Answer: A
