WGU D115 OA ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGYEXAM 2026 |
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES AND A READINESS PRACTICE EXAM TEST BANK
WITH A STUDY GUIDE | LATEST UPDATED AND VERIFIED FOR
GUARANTEED PASS
1.
A patient experiences prolonged hypotension following trauma. Which cellular
change occurs first due to inadequate perfusion?
A. Lysosomal rupture
B. Decreased ATP production
C. Nuclear fragmentation
D. Mitochondrial membrane breakdown
Answer: B
Rationale: Hypoperfusion leads to hypoxia, reducing ATP synthesis and impairing
energy-dependent cellular processes.
2.
A biopsy shows replacement of ciliated respiratory epithelium with stratified
squamous epithelium in a smoker. This represents:
,A. Dysplasia
B. Hyperplasia
C. Metaplasia
D. Neoplasia
Answer: C
Rationale: Metaplasia is a reversible change where one differentiated cell type is
replaced by another better suited to stress.
3.
Which finding best differentiates apoptosis from necrosis?
A. DNA fragmentation
B. Cell membrane integrity
C. Mitochondrial involvement
D. Enzyme activation
Answer: B
,Rationale: Apoptosis preserves membrane integrity and does not trigger
inflammation, unlike necrosis.
4.
A patient presents with fever, erythema, and swelling at a surgical site. Which
mediator is primarily responsible for increased vascular permeability?
A. Interleukin-2
B. Histamine
C. Complement C3
D. Interferon
Answer: B
Rationale: Histamine released from mast cells causes vasodilation and increased
vascular permeability in acute inflammation.
_____________________________________________________
5.
Chronic inflammation differs from acute inflammation by the predominance of:
A. Neutrophils
, B. Basophils
C. Lymphocytes
D. Platelets
Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic inflammation involves lymphocytes and macrophages rather
than neutrophils.
6.
A patient develops urticaria and bronchospasm minutes after eating shellfish. This
reaction is mediated by:
A. IgG
B. IgM
C. IgE
D. T lymphocytes
Answer: C
Rationale: Type I hypersensitivity reactions are IgE-mediated and cause rapid mast
cell degranulation.
ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH DETAILED ANSWERS WITH
RATIONALES AND A READINESS PRACTICE EXAM TEST BANK
WITH A STUDY GUIDE | LATEST UPDATED AND VERIFIED FOR
GUARANTEED PASS
1.
A patient experiences prolonged hypotension following trauma. Which cellular
change occurs first due to inadequate perfusion?
A. Lysosomal rupture
B. Decreased ATP production
C. Nuclear fragmentation
D. Mitochondrial membrane breakdown
Answer: B
Rationale: Hypoperfusion leads to hypoxia, reducing ATP synthesis and impairing
energy-dependent cellular processes.
2.
A biopsy shows replacement of ciliated respiratory epithelium with stratified
squamous epithelium in a smoker. This represents:
,A. Dysplasia
B. Hyperplasia
C. Metaplasia
D. Neoplasia
Answer: C
Rationale: Metaplasia is a reversible change where one differentiated cell type is
replaced by another better suited to stress.
3.
Which finding best differentiates apoptosis from necrosis?
A. DNA fragmentation
B. Cell membrane integrity
C. Mitochondrial involvement
D. Enzyme activation
Answer: B
,Rationale: Apoptosis preserves membrane integrity and does not trigger
inflammation, unlike necrosis.
4.
A patient presents with fever, erythema, and swelling at a surgical site. Which
mediator is primarily responsible for increased vascular permeability?
A. Interleukin-2
B. Histamine
C. Complement C3
D. Interferon
Answer: B
Rationale: Histamine released from mast cells causes vasodilation and increased
vascular permeability in acute inflammation.
_____________________________________________________
5.
Chronic inflammation differs from acute inflammation by the predominance of:
A. Neutrophils
, B. Basophils
C. Lymphocytes
D. Platelets
Answer: C
Rationale: Chronic inflammation involves lymphocytes and macrophages rather
than neutrophils.
6.
A patient develops urticaria and bronchospasm minutes after eating shellfish. This
reaction is mediated by:
A. IgG
B. IgM
C. IgE
D. T lymphocytes
Answer: C
Rationale: Type I hypersensitivity reactions are IgE-mediated and cause rapid mast
cell degranulation.
