Answers | Latest Already Graded A+ UPDATE |2026 NU 327
- Pathophysiology - Final Exam
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types of law exams include:Essay/Problem-Based Questions: In law exams, students are often given hypothetical scenarios (problem questions) and are asked to analyze the legal
issues involved. These require students to apply specific legal principles and statutes to the facts presented in the scenario.Multiple
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Normal RBC Count Female = 4.2-5.4
Male = 4.5-6.2
Normal WBC Count Female = 4,500-11,000
Male = 5,000-10,000
Normal Hematocrit Female = 37-47%
Male = 42-52%
Normal Hemoglobin Female = 12-16
Male = 14-18
Normal Sodium (Na+) Adults = 135-145 mEq/L
Normal Potassium (K+) Adults = 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Normal Total Cholesterol <200 mg/dL
Normal HDLs Female >55 mg/dL
Male >45 mg/dL
(these are protective levels)
Normal LDLs Beneficial <100 mg/dL
Harmful >160 mg/dL
Normal Troponin <0.01 ng/mL
, Normal BNP <100 indicates no Heart Failure
Normal Ejection Fraction (EF) 60-80%
Normal Creatinine Female = 0.5-1.1 mg/dL
Male = 0.6-1.2 mg/dL
(reflects GFR for renal function)
Normal Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) 10-20 mg/dL
(indirect measure of overall hydration)
Normal pH Range 7.35-7.45
Absolute pH 7.4
Normal PaCO2 Range 35-45 mmHg
(acid)
Normal HCO3- Range (Bicarb.) 22-26 mEq/L
(base)
Normal PaO2 Range 80-100 mmHg
Normal SaO2 Range 95-100%
Normal Blood Pressure Range 120/80-140/90
Normal V/Q Ratio V = 4 L/min
Q = 5 L/min
V/Q = 0.8
Central Nervous System (CNS) - composed of brain + spinal cord bathed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)
Components & Functions - receives and processes sensory information and creates responses to be
relayed to muscles/glands
- the site of emotion, memory, cognition, learning
- protected by the skull & vertebrae, CSF, blood-brain barrier, meninges (dura
mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater)
Cerebrum - largest part of the brain
- sensory & motor activities
- motor coordination
- R & L hemispheres
- 4 lobes (frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital)
Cerebellum - beneath the cerebrum, base of the brain
- coordinates muscle movements
- controls posture
- maintains equilibriumtypes of law exams include:Essay/Problem-Based Questions: In law
exams, students are often given hypothetical scenarios (problem questions) and are asked to
analyze the legal issues involved. These require students to apply specific legal principles and
statutes to the facts presented in the scenario.Multiple