FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING
12TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. POTTER;
ANNE G. PERRY; PATRICIA A.
STOCKERT; AMY HALL; WENDY
R. OSTENDORF
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A nurse enters a patient's room and finds the patient sitting
upright, struggling to breathe, and unable to speak more than
one word at a time. What is the nurse's priority action?
A. Notify the health care provider of the patient's condition.
B. Assess the patient's oxygen saturation and respiratory effort.
C. Document the patient's symptoms in the medical record.
D. Ask the patient when the breathing difficulty began.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Assessment is the first priority because the nurse must rapidly
determine the severity of respiratory compromise. Assessing
respiratory effort and oxygen saturation guides immediate
interventions such as oxygen administration or activating the
rapid response team. Notification, documentation, and
obtaining additional history occur after the patient's immediate
status has been assessed.
Question 2
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a patient.
Which action best promotes medication safety?
,A. Compare the medication label with the medication
administration record three times before administration.
B. Ask another nurse to administer all high-risk medications.
C. Prepare medications for multiple patients at the same time.
D. Document medications before administering them.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Comparing the medication label with the medication
administration record during medication preparation, before
removing the medication, and at the bedside helps prevent
medication errors. Preparing medications for multiple patients
increases error risk, documentation should occur after
administration, and another nurse is not required for all high-
risk medications unless agency policy specifies.
Question 3
A nurse is caring for a patient who is at high risk for falls. Which
intervention is most appropriate?
A. Raise all four side rails whenever the patient is in bed.
B. Keep frequently used items within the patient's reach.
C. Encourage the patient to get out of bed independently.
D. Apply restraints to prevent injury.
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale:
Keeping personal items and the call light within reach promotes
independence while reducing fall risk. Raising all four side rails
may be considered a restraint and can increase injury risk.
Patients at high risk should request assistance before
ambulating, and restraints should only be used when absolutely
necessary and according to policy.
Question 4
A patient tells the nurse, "I don't think this treatment is helping
me." What is the nurse's best therapeutic response?
A. "You shouldn't worry because your provider knows what is
best."
B. "Tell me more about what concerns you."
C. "Most patients improve after a few days."
D. "Let's discuss that after your treatment."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Open-ended questions encourage patients to express concerns
and feelings, allowing the nurse to assess perceptions and
provide individualized support. The other responses dismiss
concerns, provide false reassurance, or delay communication.
Question 5
12TH EDITION
• AUTHOR(S)PATRICIA A. POTTER;
ANNE G. PERRY; PATRICIA A.
STOCKERT; AMY HALL; WENDY
R. OSTENDORF
TEST BANK
,Question 1
A nurse enters a patient's room and finds the patient sitting
upright, struggling to breathe, and unable to speak more than
one word at a time. What is the nurse's priority action?
A. Notify the health care provider of the patient's condition.
B. Assess the patient's oxygen saturation and respiratory effort.
C. Document the patient's symptoms in the medical record.
D. Ask the patient when the breathing difficulty began.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Assessment is the first priority because the nurse must rapidly
determine the severity of respiratory compromise. Assessing
respiratory effort and oxygen saturation guides immediate
interventions such as oxygen administration or activating the
rapid response team. Notification, documentation, and
obtaining additional history occur after the patient's immediate
status has been assessed.
Question 2
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a patient.
Which action best promotes medication safety?
,A. Compare the medication label with the medication
administration record three times before administration.
B. Ask another nurse to administer all high-risk medications.
C. Prepare medications for multiple patients at the same time.
D. Document medications before administering them.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Comparing the medication label with the medication
administration record during medication preparation, before
removing the medication, and at the bedside helps prevent
medication errors. Preparing medications for multiple patients
increases error risk, documentation should occur after
administration, and another nurse is not required for all high-
risk medications unless agency policy specifies.
Question 3
A nurse is caring for a patient who is at high risk for falls. Which
intervention is most appropriate?
A. Raise all four side rails whenever the patient is in bed.
B. Keep frequently used items within the patient's reach.
C. Encourage the patient to get out of bed independently.
D. Apply restraints to prevent injury.
Correct Answer: B
, Rationale:
Keeping personal items and the call light within reach promotes
independence while reducing fall risk. Raising all four side rails
may be considered a restraint and can increase injury risk.
Patients at high risk should request assistance before
ambulating, and restraints should only be used when absolutely
necessary and according to policy.
Question 4
A patient tells the nurse, "I don't think this treatment is helping
me." What is the nurse's best therapeutic response?
A. "You shouldn't worry because your provider knows what is
best."
B. "Tell me more about what concerns you."
C. "Most patients improve after a few days."
D. "Let's discuss that after your treatment."
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Open-ended questions encourage patients to express concerns
and feelings, allowing the nurse to assess perceptions and
provide individualized support. The other responses dismiss
concerns, provide false reassurance, or delay communication.
Question 5
