RUTGERS GENERAL BIOLOGY 115
EXAM 1 2026) COMPLETE PRACTICE
QUESTIONS, VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS AND COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE
Sequence major events in the evolution of life. A new fossil of an aerobic
prokaryote has been discovered. The evidence supports the conclusion that
it evolved at the time when aerobic prokaryotes were already common.
Based on this evidence, what can we say about the environment in which it
evolved?
You are studying a poison that interferes with the process of protein
transport. You have determined that this poison inhibits the formation of
vesicles by the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Hypothesize which of the
following steps in protein transport STILL OCCUR despite the cell being
exposed to the poison?
I. Tertiary folding of the polypeptide.
II. Exocytosis of the protein
III. Formation of the mRNA
IV. Hydrolysis of peptide bonds
V. Protein modification in Golgi Apparatus
A. II only
B. I, III, and IV
,C. II, III, and V
D. II and V - CORRECT ANSWER -B. I, III, and IV
If an organism is incapable of neuronal plasticity, which of the following
will still occur.
A. removal of existing synapses
B. neuronal development
C. encoding to short-term memory
D. retrieval from long-term memory - CORRECT ANSWER -B. neuronal
development
Compare and contrast the components of a chloroplast. Photosystem II is
located in the ______________ and the Calvin cycle occurs in the
______________.
A. outer membrane, cytosol
B. thylakoid membrane, stroma
C. inner membrane, thylakoid
D. stroma, thylakoid membrane - CORRECT ANSWER -B. thylakoid
membrane, stroma
The oxygen molecules that are used in the mitochondrion during cell
respiration move into the cell because they:
A. are actively transported against their concentration gradient.
,B. cycle through ATP synthase.
C. bind to transmembrane proteins which produce channels in the
membrane.
D. follow their concentration gradient. - CORRECT ANSWER -D. follow their
concentration gradient.
Compare and contrast organelles. Which of the following is/are TRUE
regarding the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus?
I. Both organelles are contiguous with the nuclear envelope.
II. Both the Golgi and ER are studded with ribosomes.
III. The ER is involved both protein synthesis and modification, the Golgi
only with protein synthesis.
IV. The Golgi is a set of separate compartments while the ER has a single
continuous lumen.
A. I and II
B. II and III
C. IV only
D. III only - CORRECT ANSWER -C. IV only
The human small intestine has a pH of about 5.5, the human stomach has a
pH of 2. Diagnose the result of taking a medication that lowers the pH in
the intestine to the same as in the stomach? The intestinal enzymes
_________
A. will stimulate an abnormally high rate of digestion.
B. will denature and will no longer be biologically active.
, C. will function properly and begin to digest materials in the stomach.
D. will raise the pH of the stomach and begin to function. - CORRECT
ANSWER -B. will denature and will no longer be biologically active.
Identify which of the following statements are functions of enzymes in
biological systems.
I. lower the activation energy needed for a reaction
II. increase the rate of chemical reactions in cells
III. physically bring together two reactants
IV. facilitate the breaking of chemical bonds
V. facilitate a reaction that would otherwise not occur
A. II, IV and V
B. I, II, III and V
C. I, III and V
D. I, II, III and IV - CORRECT ANSWER -D. I, II, III and IV
Identify where in a prokaryotic cell the conversion of G3P to pyruvate
occurs during respiration.
A. cristae
B. cytosol
C. outer mitochondrial membrane
D. matrix - CORRECT ANSWER -B. cytosol
EXAM 1 2026) COMPLETE PRACTICE
QUESTIONS, VERIFIED CORRECT
ANSWERS AND COMPREHENSIVE
STUDY GUIDE
Sequence major events in the evolution of life. A new fossil of an aerobic
prokaryote has been discovered. The evidence supports the conclusion that
it evolved at the time when aerobic prokaryotes were already common.
Based on this evidence, what can we say about the environment in which it
evolved?
You are studying a poison that interferes with the process of protein
transport. You have determined that this poison inhibits the formation of
vesicles by the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Hypothesize which of the
following steps in protein transport STILL OCCUR despite the cell being
exposed to the poison?
I. Tertiary folding of the polypeptide.
II. Exocytosis of the protein
III. Formation of the mRNA
IV. Hydrolysis of peptide bonds
V. Protein modification in Golgi Apparatus
A. II only
B. I, III, and IV
,C. II, III, and V
D. II and V - CORRECT ANSWER -B. I, III, and IV
If an organism is incapable of neuronal plasticity, which of the following
will still occur.
A. removal of existing synapses
B. neuronal development
C. encoding to short-term memory
D. retrieval from long-term memory - CORRECT ANSWER -B. neuronal
development
Compare and contrast the components of a chloroplast. Photosystem II is
located in the ______________ and the Calvin cycle occurs in the
______________.
A. outer membrane, cytosol
B. thylakoid membrane, stroma
C. inner membrane, thylakoid
D. stroma, thylakoid membrane - CORRECT ANSWER -B. thylakoid
membrane, stroma
The oxygen molecules that are used in the mitochondrion during cell
respiration move into the cell because they:
A. are actively transported against their concentration gradient.
,B. cycle through ATP synthase.
C. bind to transmembrane proteins which produce channels in the
membrane.
D. follow their concentration gradient. - CORRECT ANSWER -D. follow their
concentration gradient.
Compare and contrast organelles. Which of the following is/are TRUE
regarding the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi apparatus?
I. Both organelles are contiguous with the nuclear envelope.
II. Both the Golgi and ER are studded with ribosomes.
III. The ER is involved both protein synthesis and modification, the Golgi
only with protein synthesis.
IV. The Golgi is a set of separate compartments while the ER has a single
continuous lumen.
A. I and II
B. II and III
C. IV only
D. III only - CORRECT ANSWER -C. IV only
The human small intestine has a pH of about 5.5, the human stomach has a
pH of 2. Diagnose the result of taking a medication that lowers the pH in
the intestine to the same as in the stomach? The intestinal enzymes
_________
A. will stimulate an abnormally high rate of digestion.
B. will denature and will no longer be biologically active.
, C. will function properly and begin to digest materials in the stomach.
D. will raise the pH of the stomach and begin to function. - CORRECT
ANSWER -B. will denature and will no longer be biologically active.
Identify which of the following statements are functions of enzymes in
biological systems.
I. lower the activation energy needed for a reaction
II. increase the rate of chemical reactions in cells
III. physically bring together two reactants
IV. facilitate the breaking of chemical bonds
V. facilitate a reaction that would otherwise not occur
A. II, IV and V
B. I, II, III and V
C. I, III and V
D. I, II, III and IV - CORRECT ANSWER -D. I, II, III and IV
Identify where in a prokaryotic cell the conversion of G3P to pyruvate
occurs during respiration.
A. cristae
B. cytosol
C. outer mitochondrial membrane
D. matrix - CORRECT ANSWER -B. cytosol
