NUR
NUR 265 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2024 REAL EXAM
What is nephrotic syndrome? - ANSWERSA condition of increased glomerular permeability
that allows larger molecules to pass through the membrane into the urine and then be
excreted.
What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? - ANSWERS-*Massive proteinuria*
-*Hypoalbuminemia*
-*Edema (facial and periorbital)*
-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagulation
-Reduced kidney function
In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what? -
ANSWERS3.5g in 24 hours
What is nephrotic syndrome treated with? - ANSWERS-immunosuppressant agents (if
immunity based).
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
-statins (improve blood lipid levels).
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney function)
NUR 265 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2024 REAL EXAM
,NUR
Describe the "risk" stage for AKI - ANSWERScreatinine x 1.5 of normal, and GFR reduced
by 25%
Describe the "injury" stage for AKI - ANSWERScreatinine x2 & GFR reduced by 50%
Describe the "failure" stage for AKI - ANSWERScreatinine x3 normal, & GFR reduced by
75% (Cant fix)
Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWERSDecreased perfusion to kidneys.
-NSAIDs
-Severe dehydration
-Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss
Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWERSTissue damage to the actual kidneys.
-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephritis
Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWERSObstruction that occurs after the
kidney.
NUR 265 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2024 REAL EXAM
, NUR
-Enlarged prostate (BPH)
-Bladder Cancer
-Kidney stones
How do you determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP)? - ANSWERSSystolic +
(Diastolic*2) /3
What is the MAP needed to perfuse the kidneys? - ANSWERS65 mmHg
What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs? - ANSWERS-NSAIDS
-Metformin
-Diuretics
-Antibiotics (especially -mycin)
-Contrast dye
During the diuretic phase of AKI, what needs to be monitored? - ANSWERSWatch for
dehydration and make sure output is greater than input
What are the dietary restrictions for an AKI patient? - ANSWERS-Low protein
-Low sodium
-Fluid restriction: 1000-1500mL day (for anything except perfusion problem)
What are the 2 most common causes of CKD? - ANSWERS-HTN
-Uncontrolled diabetes
NUR 265 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2024 REAL EXAM
NUR 265 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
LATEST 2024 REAL EXAM
What is nephrotic syndrome? - ANSWERSA condition of increased glomerular permeability
that allows larger molecules to pass through the membrane into the urine and then be
excreted.
What are key features of nephrotic syndrome? - ANSWERS-*Massive proteinuria*
-*Hypoalbuminemia*
-*Edema (facial and periorbital)*
-Lipiduria
-Hyperlipidemia
-Increased coagulation
-Reduced kidney function
In nephrotic syndrome, severe protein loss in the urine is greater than what? -
ANSWERS3.5g in 24 hours
What is nephrotic syndrome treated with? - ANSWERS-immunosuppressant agents (if
immunity based).
-ACE inhibitors (decreased protein loss in urine)
-statins (improve blood lipid levels).
-Heparin (used to treat vascular effects and improve kidney function)
NUR 265 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2024 REAL EXAM
,NUR
Describe the "risk" stage for AKI - ANSWERScreatinine x 1.5 of normal, and GFR reduced
by 25%
Describe the "injury" stage for AKI - ANSWERScreatinine x2 & GFR reduced by 50%
Describe the "failure" stage for AKI - ANSWERScreatinine x3 normal, & GFR reduced by
75% (Cant fix)
Describe Prerenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWERSDecreased perfusion to kidneys.
-NSAIDs
-Severe dehydration
-Renal artery stenosis
-MI or HF resulting in low ejection fraction and low cardiac output
-Blood/ fluid loss
Describe Intrarenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWERSTissue damage to the actual kidneys.
-Glomerulonephritis or inflammation of the glomeruli
-Sepsis
-Intrarenal bleeding
-Pyelonephritis
Describe Postrenal AKI. Give examples. - ANSWERSObstruction that occurs after the
kidney.
NUR 265 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2024 REAL EXAM
, NUR
-Enlarged prostate (BPH)
-Bladder Cancer
-Kidney stones
How do you determine the mean arterial pressure (MAP)? - ANSWERSSystolic +
(Diastolic*2) /3
What is the MAP needed to perfuse the kidneys? - ANSWERS65 mmHg
What are examples of nephrotoxic drugs? - ANSWERS-NSAIDS
-Metformin
-Diuretics
-Antibiotics (especially -mycin)
-Contrast dye
During the diuretic phase of AKI, what needs to be monitored? - ANSWERSWatch for
dehydration and make sure output is greater than input
What are the dietary restrictions for an AKI patient? - ANSWERS-Low protein
-Low sodium
-Fluid restriction: 1000-1500mL day (for anything except perfusion problem)
What are the 2 most common causes of CKD? - ANSWERS-HTN
-Uncontrolled diabetes
NUR 265 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS LATEST 2024 REAL EXAM
