NURS 322 Exam 1 (Latest
update) Questions & Answers {Grade A}
100% Correct
A form of inadequate cognition in older adults which is manifested by an acute,
fluctuating confusional state is known as:
a. dementia
b. delerium
c. amnesia
d. depression - Correct answer ANS: B
Delerium is the form of acute, fluctuating confusion which lasts from a few hours to
less than 1 month and that may be treatable. Dementia is a chronic state of confusion
that may last from a few months to many years and that may not be reversible.
Amnesia refers to a loss of memory caused by brain trauma, congenital disorders, or
acute health problems.
The most common causes of decreased comfort for a patient are pain and __________.
,a. light-headedness
b. nausea
c. emotional stress
d. depression - Correct answer ANS: C
Pain and emotional stress are the two leading causes of discomfort for a patient. For
example, patients who are having surgery are often anxious and feel stressed about
the procedure. This emotional stress may negatively impact the outcome of surgery.
The inability to pass stool is known as __________.
a. constipation
b. obstipation
c. diarrhea
d. incontinence - Correct answer ANS: B
Obstipation is the inability to pass stool during bowel elimination. Constipation refers
to the condition where stool can be hard, dry, and difficult to pass through the rectum.
Diarrhea is at the opposite end of the continuum from constipation, and occurs when
stool is watery and without solid form. Elimination is the general term to describe the
,excretion of waste from the body by the gastrointestinal tract and by the urinary
system.
Hypokalemia can occur in patients with prolonged diarrhea and is caused by a
decrease in:
a. calcium
b. magnesium
c. sodium
d. potassium - Correct answer ANS: D
Hypokalemia occurs when there is a decrease in serum potassium. It can be a life-
threatening condition because it often causes rhythm abnormalities. An excess of
potassium is referred to as Hyperkalemia.
The minimum hourly urinary output in a patient should be at least:
a. 5 mL per hour
b. 10 mL per hour
, c. 30 mL per hour
d. 60 mL per hour - Correct answer ANS: C
30 mL per hour is the minimum hourly urinary output in a normal healthy adult. A
decrease in urinary output i a sign of diminished kidney activity and fluid deficit.
The best indicator of fluid volume changes in the body is:
a. skin dryness
b. weight changes
c. blood pressure
d. pulse rate - Correct answer ANS: C
Changes in weight are the best indicator of fluid volume changes in the body.
Monitoring blood pressure, checking pulse rate and quality, and assessing skin and
mucous membranes for dryness are strong secondary indicators.
Immunity which occurs when antibodies are passed from the mother to the fetus
through the placenta or through breast milk is called:
update) Questions & Answers {Grade A}
100% Correct
A form of inadequate cognition in older adults which is manifested by an acute,
fluctuating confusional state is known as:
a. dementia
b. delerium
c. amnesia
d. depression - Correct answer ANS: B
Delerium is the form of acute, fluctuating confusion which lasts from a few hours to
less than 1 month and that may be treatable. Dementia is a chronic state of confusion
that may last from a few months to many years and that may not be reversible.
Amnesia refers to a loss of memory caused by brain trauma, congenital disorders, or
acute health problems.
The most common causes of decreased comfort for a patient are pain and __________.
,a. light-headedness
b. nausea
c. emotional stress
d. depression - Correct answer ANS: C
Pain and emotional stress are the two leading causes of discomfort for a patient. For
example, patients who are having surgery are often anxious and feel stressed about
the procedure. This emotional stress may negatively impact the outcome of surgery.
The inability to pass stool is known as __________.
a. constipation
b. obstipation
c. diarrhea
d. incontinence - Correct answer ANS: B
Obstipation is the inability to pass stool during bowel elimination. Constipation refers
to the condition where stool can be hard, dry, and difficult to pass through the rectum.
Diarrhea is at the opposite end of the continuum from constipation, and occurs when
stool is watery and without solid form. Elimination is the general term to describe the
,excretion of waste from the body by the gastrointestinal tract and by the urinary
system.
Hypokalemia can occur in patients with prolonged diarrhea and is caused by a
decrease in:
a. calcium
b. magnesium
c. sodium
d. potassium - Correct answer ANS: D
Hypokalemia occurs when there is a decrease in serum potassium. It can be a life-
threatening condition because it often causes rhythm abnormalities. An excess of
potassium is referred to as Hyperkalemia.
The minimum hourly urinary output in a patient should be at least:
a. 5 mL per hour
b. 10 mL per hour
, c. 30 mL per hour
d. 60 mL per hour - Correct answer ANS: C
30 mL per hour is the minimum hourly urinary output in a normal healthy adult. A
decrease in urinary output i a sign of diminished kidney activity and fluid deficit.
The best indicator of fluid volume changes in the body is:
a. skin dryness
b. weight changes
c. blood pressure
d. pulse rate - Correct answer ANS: C
Changes in weight are the best indicator of fluid volume changes in the body.
Monitoring blood pressure, checking pulse rate and quality, and assessing skin and
mucous membranes for dryness are strong secondary indicators.
Immunity which occurs when antibodies are passed from the mother to the fetus
through the placenta or through breast milk is called:
