OAE - 004 Assessment of Professional
Knowledge PK-12 Exam Questions and
Answers with Verified Solutions | Latest
Updated 2026
Sigmund Frued's theory of Human id, ego, and superego - psychosexual
Development developmental stages Freud found
occurred in
children
Ego The ego presents itself in the child's anal
stage, a
sense of self and identity
ID impulses that are either recognized or
suppressed
(in elementary the ID is surpassed for
social
reasons in schools)
Superego The conscious - governs the ego and the
ID
Freud stages (1-3) anal stage
Freud stages (3-5) phallic stage
, Freud stages (elementary age) latency
Freud stages (school-age) genital stage - in puberty it begins, and
continues
through person's life
Freud's beliefs on development of People have their personality formed
personality around
puberty and doesn't change for the rest of
their life.
Major life events, nursing, toilet training,
sexual
drives, puberty
Erik Erikson early childhood years Psycho-social, focused on personal self
main focus of personality image and
social interactions - conflicts must be
resolved at
each of his stages. People are developing
all
throughout their life.
Autonomy vs Shame (stage 1) Toddlers; successful in toilet training, feel
autonomy
Initiative vs. Guilt (stage 2) Preschoolers; Children who succeed in
interacting
with and manipulating their environments
develop
a sense of purpose, if children fail, they
develop
guilt from disapproval of their exploration
Knowledge PK-12 Exam Questions and
Answers with Verified Solutions | Latest
Updated 2026
Sigmund Frued's theory of Human id, ego, and superego - psychosexual
Development developmental stages Freud found
occurred in
children
Ego The ego presents itself in the child's anal
stage, a
sense of self and identity
ID impulses that are either recognized or
suppressed
(in elementary the ID is surpassed for
social
reasons in schools)
Superego The conscious - governs the ego and the
ID
Freud stages (1-3) anal stage
Freud stages (3-5) phallic stage
, Freud stages (elementary age) latency
Freud stages (school-age) genital stage - in puberty it begins, and
continues
through person's life
Freud's beliefs on development of People have their personality formed
personality around
puberty and doesn't change for the rest of
their life.
Major life events, nursing, toilet training,
sexual
drives, puberty
Erik Erikson early childhood years Psycho-social, focused on personal self
main focus of personality image and
social interactions - conflicts must be
resolved at
each of his stages. People are developing
all
throughout their life.
Autonomy vs Shame (stage 1) Toddlers; successful in toilet training, feel
autonomy
Initiative vs. Guilt (stage 2) Preschoolers; Children who succeed in
interacting
with and manipulating their environments
develop
a sense of purpose, if children fail, they
develop
guilt from disapproval of their exploration
