BIO 111 Exam Prep Questions and Answers | 2026
Update | 100% Correct.
Sensory
Neurons receive signals
Interneurons
process signals
motor
Neurons transmit impulses to a muscle or organ
Myelinated Neurons
Most neurons are coated in myelin, a fatty insulation for high-speed communication between
neurons (like the covering on electrical wires.)
What does an injury cause?
causes immune cells (e.g., macrophages) to break down the damaged nerve.
Neural transmission?
Neurons communicate at gaps (synapses) where the signal goes from the pre-synaptic terminal to
the post-synaptic terminal of the next neuron.
Excitatory synapse.
Neurotransmitters may bind to receptors and cause an excitatory response.
Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
, This hormone relaxes smooth muscles in airways & increases contractility of the heart muscle.
Uses: anaphylaxis (shock), asthma, cardiac arrest.
Norepinephrine
Like epinephrine, but can increase blood pressure.
Uses: septic shock (severe infection), depression.
inhibitory synapse
Neurotransmitters may block receptors.
What does serotonin affect?
This hormone affects mood, anxiety, sleep, and appetite.
Variable neurotransmitters
These types may excite or inhibit, depending on the receptors present on the postsynaptic
terminal.
Dopamine
This may influence movement, pleasure, and motivation. Some addictive drugs increase
dopamine release.
What are the senses?
Sight
Hearing
Taste
Update | 100% Correct.
Sensory
Neurons receive signals
Interneurons
process signals
motor
Neurons transmit impulses to a muscle or organ
Myelinated Neurons
Most neurons are coated in myelin, a fatty insulation for high-speed communication between
neurons (like the covering on electrical wires.)
What does an injury cause?
causes immune cells (e.g., macrophages) to break down the damaged nerve.
Neural transmission?
Neurons communicate at gaps (synapses) where the signal goes from the pre-synaptic terminal to
the post-synaptic terminal of the next neuron.
Excitatory synapse.
Neurotransmitters may bind to receptors and cause an excitatory response.
Epinephrine (Adrenaline)
, This hormone relaxes smooth muscles in airways & increases contractility of the heart muscle.
Uses: anaphylaxis (shock), asthma, cardiac arrest.
Norepinephrine
Like epinephrine, but can increase blood pressure.
Uses: septic shock (severe infection), depression.
inhibitory synapse
Neurotransmitters may block receptors.
What does serotonin affect?
This hormone affects mood, anxiety, sleep, and appetite.
Variable neurotransmitters
These types may excite or inhibit, depending on the receptors present on the postsynaptic
terminal.
Dopamine
This may influence movement, pleasure, and motivation. Some addictive drugs increase
dopamine release.
What are the senses?
Sight
Hearing
Taste
