NUR 378 Exam 3 Questions & Answers 2026 |
Pharmacology Medications High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. What is the primary purpose of monitoring patients for adverse effects during
pharmacotherapy?
To determine the appropriate dosage of the medication.
To ensure patients take their medications on time.
Early detection and management of potential complications from
medications.
To assess the effectiveness of the medication in treating the condition.
2. Describe the therapeutic uses of Metoprolol and explain why it is effective
for these conditions.
Metoprolol is used for respiratory conditions because it dilates
airways.
Metoprolol is effective for hypertension, heart failure, and to
prevent angina due to its ability to block beta-adrenergic receptors,
reducing heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand.
Metoprolol is effective for treating infections by enhancing immune
response.
Metoprolol is primarily used for pain relief in chronic conditions.
3. Identify the class of autonomic drug Norepinephrine:
Sympathomimetic
Beta blocker
Cholinergic
Vagal blocker
,4. A patient taking Prazosin experiences dizziness upon standing. What nursing
intervention should be prioritized?
Schedule the patient for a follow-up appointment next week.
Instruct the patient to rise slowly from a sitting or lying position.
Administer a dose of Acetaminophen to relieve discomfort.
Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake immediately.
5. Describe the role of adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system.
Adrenergic receptors are involved in the regulation of digestive
processes.
Adrenergic receptors inhibit the release of neurotransmitters in the
brain.
Adrenergic receptors mediate the body's response to stress by
responding to catecholamines, which prepare the body for 'fight or
flight' situations.
Adrenergic receptors primarily respond to pain stimuli.
6. A patient with hypertension is not responding to standard antihypertensive
medications. How might Clonidine be utilized in this scenario?
As an adjunct therapy to lower blood pressure by decreasing
sympathetic nervous system activity.
As a first-line treatment to increase heart rate and cardiac output.
As a medication to enhance renal function and increase urine output.
As a substitute for diuretics to manage fluid retention.
7. A patient comes to the clinic complaining of dizziness. During the initial
evaluation, the nurse discovers that the dizziness started after beginning
, Prazosin for hypertension. What should the nurse recommend to the patient?
"The dizziness can be alleviated by being sure to rise slowly after
sitting or lying down."
"The dizziness should go away after you have been on the medication
for two weeks."
"Dizziness is not normally associated with Prazosin. Please contact
your physician immediately."
"The dizziness is an unavoidable adverse effect of Prazosin and will
persist while taking the medication."
8. In a clinical scenario where a patient is experiencing severe hypotension,
which class of receptors would be targeted for treatment, and what would be
the expected outcome?
Histamine receptors; reduced allergic response
Adrenergic receptors; increased heart rate and blood pressure
Opioid receptors; pain relief
Cholinergic receptors; decreased heart rate
9. A patient receiving Phenylephrine develops a headache and nervousness.
What should the nurse's immediate action be?
Administer an analgesic for the headache.
Continue monitoring without intervention.
Document the symptoms and wait for the next scheduled assessment.
Assess the patient's vital signs and notify the healthcare provider.
, 10. What is a key reason for providing patient education in pharmacological
treatment?
Minimizing the cost of medications
Ensuring adherence to medication regimens
Reducing the need for follow-up appointments
Increasing drug potency
11. What condition is Norepinephrine primarily used to treat?
Heart failure
Allergic reactions
Hypotensive states
Hypertension
12. What is the primary therapeutic use of Norepinephrine in pharmacology?
To manage anxiety
To treat severe hypotension and shock
To reduce inflammation
To relieve pain
13. In a clinical scenario where a patient is experiencing anaphylaxis, which
adrenergic receptor agonist would be most appropriate to administer, and
why?
Epinephrine, because it stimulates adrenergic receptors to
counteract severe allergic reactions.
Dopamine, since it enhances renal blood flow.
Pharmacology Medications High-Yield Review | Graded A+
1. What is the primary purpose of monitoring patients for adverse effects during
pharmacotherapy?
To determine the appropriate dosage of the medication.
To ensure patients take their medications on time.
Early detection and management of potential complications from
medications.
To assess the effectiveness of the medication in treating the condition.
2. Describe the therapeutic uses of Metoprolol and explain why it is effective
for these conditions.
Metoprolol is used for respiratory conditions because it dilates
airways.
Metoprolol is effective for hypertension, heart failure, and to
prevent angina due to its ability to block beta-adrenergic receptors,
reducing heart rate and myocardial oxygen demand.
Metoprolol is effective for treating infections by enhancing immune
response.
Metoprolol is primarily used for pain relief in chronic conditions.
3. Identify the class of autonomic drug Norepinephrine:
Sympathomimetic
Beta blocker
Cholinergic
Vagal blocker
,4. A patient taking Prazosin experiences dizziness upon standing. What nursing
intervention should be prioritized?
Schedule the patient for a follow-up appointment next week.
Instruct the patient to rise slowly from a sitting or lying position.
Administer a dose of Acetaminophen to relieve discomfort.
Encourage the patient to increase fluid intake immediately.
5. Describe the role of adrenergic receptors in the sympathetic nervous system.
Adrenergic receptors are involved in the regulation of digestive
processes.
Adrenergic receptors inhibit the release of neurotransmitters in the
brain.
Adrenergic receptors mediate the body's response to stress by
responding to catecholamines, which prepare the body for 'fight or
flight' situations.
Adrenergic receptors primarily respond to pain stimuli.
6. A patient with hypertension is not responding to standard antihypertensive
medications. How might Clonidine be utilized in this scenario?
As an adjunct therapy to lower blood pressure by decreasing
sympathetic nervous system activity.
As a first-line treatment to increase heart rate and cardiac output.
As a medication to enhance renal function and increase urine output.
As a substitute for diuretics to manage fluid retention.
7. A patient comes to the clinic complaining of dizziness. During the initial
evaluation, the nurse discovers that the dizziness started after beginning
, Prazosin for hypertension. What should the nurse recommend to the patient?
"The dizziness can be alleviated by being sure to rise slowly after
sitting or lying down."
"The dizziness should go away after you have been on the medication
for two weeks."
"Dizziness is not normally associated with Prazosin. Please contact
your physician immediately."
"The dizziness is an unavoidable adverse effect of Prazosin and will
persist while taking the medication."
8. In a clinical scenario where a patient is experiencing severe hypotension,
which class of receptors would be targeted for treatment, and what would be
the expected outcome?
Histamine receptors; reduced allergic response
Adrenergic receptors; increased heart rate and blood pressure
Opioid receptors; pain relief
Cholinergic receptors; decreased heart rate
9. A patient receiving Phenylephrine develops a headache and nervousness.
What should the nurse's immediate action be?
Administer an analgesic for the headache.
Continue monitoring without intervention.
Document the symptoms and wait for the next scheduled assessment.
Assess the patient's vital signs and notify the healthcare provider.
, 10. What is a key reason for providing patient education in pharmacological
treatment?
Minimizing the cost of medications
Ensuring adherence to medication regimens
Reducing the need for follow-up appointments
Increasing drug potency
11. What condition is Norepinephrine primarily used to treat?
Heart failure
Allergic reactions
Hypotensive states
Hypertension
12. What is the primary therapeutic use of Norepinephrine in pharmacology?
To manage anxiety
To treat severe hypotension and shock
To reduce inflammation
To relieve pain
13. In a clinical scenario where a patient is experiencing anaphylaxis, which
adrenergic receptor agonist would be most appropriate to administer, and
why?
Epinephrine, because it stimulates adrenergic receptors to
counteract severe allergic reactions.
Dopamine, since it enhances renal blood flow.
